Deep Learning in Barrett's Esophagus Diagnosis: Current Status and Future Directions.

Barrett's esophagus (BE) represents a pre-malignant condition characterized by abnormal cellular proliferation in the distal esophagus. A timely and accurate diagnosis of BE is imperative to prevent its progression to esophageal adenocarcinoma, a malignancy associated with a significantly reduced survival rate. In this digital age, deep learning (DL) has emerged as a powerful tool for medical image analysis and diagnostic applications, showcasing vast potential across various medical disciplines.

Feasibility and safety of secondary video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for ipsilateral lung cancer after prior pulmonary resection.

Background: Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) is the preferred treatment for resectable non-small cell lung cancer. The increased survival of patients after a first operation has caused increases in the incidence of locoregional recurrence or second primary lung cancer and a concomitant increase in the number of patients who require secondary surgery. Ipsilateral secondary operation is also commonly practiced, albeit with enhanced difficulty.

What does radiomics do in PD-L1 blockade therapy of NSCLC patients?

With the in-depth understanding of programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), PD-L1 has become a vital immunotherapy target and a significant biomarker. The clinical utility of detecting PD-L1 by immunohistochemistry or next-generation sequencing has been written into guidelines. However, the application of these methods is limited in some circumstances where the biopsy size is small or not accessible, or a dynamic monitor is needed.