Cell-microsphere based living microhybrids for osteogenesis regulating to boosting biomineralization.

Biomineralization-based cell-material living composites showed great potential for living materials construction and cell regulation. However, cells in scaffolds with unconnected pores usually induce confined nutrient transfer and cell-cell communications, affecting the transformation of osteoblasts into osteocytes and the mineralization process. Herein, the osteoblast-materials living hybrids were constructed with porous PLLA microspheres using a rational design, in which cell-based living materials presented an improved osteoblast differentiation and mineralization model using rationally designed cell-microsphere composites.

Materials-based hair follicle engineering: Basic components and recent advances.

The hair follicle (HF) is a significant skin appendage whose primary function is to produce the hair shaft. HFs are a non-renewable resource; skin damage or follicle closure may lead to permanent hair loss. Advances in biomaterials and biomedical engineering enable the feasibility of manipulating the HF-associated cell function for follicle reconstruction via rational design.

The effect of pin distractor assistance on the reduction of fibular fractures in the treatment of ankle fracture: A retrospective case-control study.

This study will evaluate the therapeutic effect of pin distractor assisted reduction of fibular fracture on ankle fracture. A retrospective analysis was performed on 98 patients diagnosed as ankle fracture or pilon fracture. These patients were all combined with fibular fracture.

cGAS-activated endothelial cell-T cell cross-talk initiates tertiary lymphoid structure formation.

Aberrant activation of the cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate synthase-stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS-STING) pathway causes autoimmunity in humans and mice; however, the exact mechanism by which the cGAS-STING pathway initiates adaptive immunity and tissue pathology is still not fully understood. Here, we used a cGAS knockin (KI) mouse model that develops systemic autoimmunity. In the lungs of cGAS-KI mice, blood vessels were enclosed by organized lymphoid tissues that resemble tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs).

An Engineered Self-biomineralized Oncolytic Adenovirus Induces Effective Antitumor Immunity and Synergizes With Immune Checkpoint Blockade.

Oncolytic adenoviruses (oADV) are promising cancer treatment agents. However, in vivo hepatic sequestration and the host immunologic response against the agents limit the therapeutic potential of oADVs. In this study, we present a combined method with a rational design for improving oADV infection efficiency, immunogenicity, and treatment efficacy by self-biomineralization.

Identification of ceRNA networks in type H and L vascular endothelial cells through integrated bioinformatics methods.

Objectives: Type H blood vessels are a subtype of bone-specific microvessels (CD31Emcn) that play an important regulatory role in the coupling of angiogenesis and osteogenesis. Despite reports on the distinct roles of type H and L vessels under physiological and pathological bone conditions, their genetic differences remain to be elucidated. This study aims to construct a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network of key gene for differencial expression (DE) in type H and L vascular endothelial cells (ECs) through integrated bioinformatic methods.

Organoid-Based Assessment of Metal-Organic Framework (MOF) Nanomedicines for Cancer Therapy.

Nanomaterials have been extensively exploited in tumor treatment, leading to numerous innovative strategies for cancer therapy. While nanomedicines present immense potential, their application in cancer therapy is characterized by significant complexity and unpredictability, especially regarding biocompatibility and anticancer efficiency. These considerations underscore the essential need for the development of research models, which provide invaluable insights and understanding into the biosafety and efficacy of nanomedicines in oncology.

Polydopamine Synergizes with Quercetin Nanosystem to Reshape the Perifollicular Microenvironment for Accelerating Hair Regrowth in Androgenetic Alopecia.

Accumulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) and their resultant vascular dysfunction in androgenic alopecia (AGA) hinder hair follicle survival and cause permanent hair loss. However, safe and effective strategies to rescue hair follicle viability to enhance AGA therapeutic efficiency remain challenging. Herein, we fabricated a quercetin-encapsulated (Que) and polydopamine-integrated (PDA@QLipo) nanosystem that can reshape the perifollicular microenvironment to initial hair follicle regeneration for AGA treatment.

Outer membrane vesicle-wrapped manganese nanoreactor for augmenting cancer metalloimmunotherapy through hypoxia attenuation and immune stimulation.

Tumor hypoxia, high oxidative stress, and low immunogenic create a deep-rooted immunosuppressive microenvironment, posing a major challenge to the therapeutic efficiency of cancer immunotherapy for solid tumor. Herein, an intelligent nanoplatform responsive to the tumor microenvironment (TME) capable of hypoxia relief and immune stimulation has been engineered for efficient solid tumor immunotherapy. The MnO@OxA@OMV nanoreactor, enclosing bacterial-derived outer membrane vesicles (OMVs)-wrapped MnO nanoenzyme and the immunogenic cell death inducer oxaliplatin (OxA), demonstrated intrinsic catalase-like activity within the TME, which effectively catalyzed the endogenous HO into O to enable a prolonged oxygen supply, thereby alleviating the tumor's oxidative stress and hypoxic TME, and expediting OxA release.

The feedback of greening on local hydrothermal conditions in Northern China.

Northern China has experienced a significant increase in vegetation cover over the past few decades. It lacks a comprehensive understanding of how greening impacts local hydrothermal conditions. To address this issue, in our study, the RegCM-CLM45 model was used to conduct a thorough assessment of the impacts of greening on temperature, vapor pressure deficit (VPD), precipitation, and soil moisture.

Three Birds, One Stone: An Osteo-Microenvironment Stage-Regulative Scaffold for Bone Defect Repair through Modulating Early Osteo-Immunomodulation, Middle Neovascularization, and Later Osteogenesis.

In order to repair critical-sized bone defects, various polylactic acid-glycolic acid (PLGA)-based hybrid scaffolds are successfully developed as bone substitutes. However, the byproducts of these PLGA-based scaffolds are known to acidify the implanted site, inducing tiresome acidic inflammation. Moreover, these degradation productions cannot offer an osteo-friendly microenvironment at the implanted site, matching natural bone healing.

Metformin Hydrochloride Significantly Inhibits Rotavirus Infection in Caco2 Cell Line, Intestinal Organoids, and Mice.

Rotavirus is one of the main pathogens that causes severe diarrhea in children under the age of 5, primarily infecting the enterocytes of the small intestine. Currently, there are no specific drugs available for oral rehydration and antiviral therapy targeting rotavirus. However, metformin hydrochloride, a drug known for its antiviral properties, shows promise as it accumulates in the small intestine and modulates the intestinal microbiota.

Metformin accelerates bone fracture healing by promoting type H vessel formation through inhibition of YAP1/TAZ expression.

Due to increasing morbidity worldwide, fractures are becoming an emerging public health concern. This study aimed to investigate the effect of metformin on the healing of osteoporotic as well as normal fractures. Type H vessels have recently been identified as a bone-specific vascular subtype that supports osteogenesis.

Time-varying characteristics of the induced membrane and its effects on bone defect repair.

Purpose: This study intended to determine the properties of induced membranes after various periods of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) retention and the effect of different retention intervals on subsequent defect repair.

Methods: Model of a critical bone defect in rabbits was prepared to obtain the induced membrane. For varying intervals of spacer insertion (2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, and 20 weeks postoperatively), angiogenesis, osteogenesis, and MSC-related properties were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and western-blot.

DOX-loaded hydroxyapatite nanoclusters for colorectal cancer (CRC) chemotherapy: Evaluation based on the cancer cells and organoids.

It is meaningful to find suitable in vitro models for preclinical toxicology and efficacy evaluation of nanodrugs and nanocarriers or drug screening and promoting clinical transformation of nanocarriers. The emergence and development of organoids technology provide a great possibility to achieve this goal. Herein, we constructed an in vitro 3D organoid model to study the inhibitory effect of nanocarriers on colorectal cancer.

Nanomaterial-assisted CRISPR gene-engineering - A hallmark for triple-negative breast cancer therapeutics advancement.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most violent class of tumor and accounts for 20-24% of total breast carcinoma, in which frequently rare mutation occurs in high frequency. The poor prognosis, recurrence, and metastasis in the brain, heart, liver and lungs decline the lifespan of patients by about 21 months, emphasizing the need for advanced treatment. Recently, the adaptive immunity mechanism of archaea and bacteria, called clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) combined with nanotechnology, has been utilized as a potent gene manipulating tool with an extensive clinical application in cancer genomics due to its easeful usage and cost-effectiveness.

Puffball-Inspired Microrobotic Systems with Robust Payload, Strong Protection, and Targeted Locomotion for On-Demand Drug Delivery.

Microrobots are recognized as transformative solutions for drug delivery systems (DDSs) because they can navigate through the body to specific locations and enable targeted drug release. However, their realization is substantially limited by insufficient payload capacity, unavoidable drug leakage/deactivation, and strict modification/stability criteria for drugs. Natural puffballs possess fascinating features that are highly desirable for DDSs, including a large fruitbody for storing spores, a flexible protective cap, and environmentally triggered release mechanisms.

Constructing Injectable Bone-Forming Units by Loading a Subtype of Osteoprogenitors on Decellularized Bone Matrix Powders for Bone Regeneration.

Bone defects resulting from trauma or tumor are one of the most challenging problems in clinical settings. Current tissue engineering (TE) strategies for managing bone defects are insufficient, owing to without using optimal osteoconductive material and seeding cells capable of superior osteogenic potential; thus their efficacy is instable. Herein, a novel TE strategy was developed for treating bone defects.

A biomineralized Prussian blue nanotherapeutic for enhanced cancer photothermal therapy.

Photothermal therapy is a promising tumor ablation technique that converts light into heat energy to kill cancer cells. Prussian blue (PB), a biocompatible photothermal reagent, has been widely explored for cancer treatment. However, the translational potential of PB is severely hampered by its low photothermal conversion efficiency (PCE) and poor stability.

The sodium hyaluronate microspheres fabricated by solution drying for transcatheter arterial embolization.

Transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) is an effective therapeutic method for several clinical ailments. Interminably, the polymer microsphere is reflected as one of the idyllic embolic materials due to the exceptional biocompatibility and microcatheter administration. Herein, a one-step solution drying technique was first developed to fabricate sodium hyaluronate microspheres cross-linked by 1,4-Butanediol diglycidyl ether (BDDE) for transcatheter arterial embolization.

Manganese Phosphate-Doxorubicin-Based Nanomedicines Using Mimetic Mineralization for Cancer Chemotherapy.

Inorganic nanomaterials showed great potential as drug carriers for chemotherapeutics molecules due to their biocompatible physical and chemical properties. A manganese-based inorganic nanomaterial manganese phosphate (MnP) had become a new drug carrier in cancer therapy. However, the approach for manganese phosphate preparation and drug integration is still confined in complex methods.

Engineered osteoclasts as living treatment materials for heterotopic ossification therapy.

Osteoclasts (OCs), the only cells capable of remodeling bone, can demineralize calcium minerals biologically. Naive OCs have limitations for the removal of ectopic calcification, such as in heterotopic ossification (HO), due to their restricted activity, migration and poor adhesion to sites of ectopic calcification. HO is the formation of pathological mature bone within extraskeletal soft tissues, and there are currently no reliable methods for removing these unexpected calcified plaques.