Preoperative platelet distribution width predicts bone metastasis in patients with breast cancer.

Purpose: Bone metastases occur in 50-70% of patients with breast cancer (BC) and result in high mortality. Platelet distribution width (PDW), a commonly used parameter of activated platelets, has been associated with a poor prognosis in BC. We aim to investigate the prognostic role of PDW for bone metastasis in BC patients.

In vitro modulation the Notch pathway by piperine: A therapeutic strategy for docetaxel-resistant and non-resistant prostate cancer.

Docetaxel (DTX) resistance poses a significant challenge in the treatment of prostate cancer (PCa), often leading to chemotherapy failure. This study investigates the ability of piperine, a compound derived from black pepper, to enhance the sensitivity of PCa cells to DTX and elucidates its underlying mechanism. We established a DTX-resistant PCa cell line, DU145/DTX, to conduct our experiments.

Transcriptome sequencing reveals novel biomarkers and immune cell infiltration in esophageal tumorigenesis.

Background: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide, and its development comprises a multistep process from intraepithelial neoplasia (IN) to carcinoma (CA). However, the critical regulators and underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown.

Aim: To explore the genes and infiltrating immune cells in the microenvironment that are associated with the multistage progression of ESCC to facilitate diagnosis and early intervention.

Preoperative glucose-to-lymphocyte ratio predicts survival in cancer.

Background: Systemic inflammation and glucose metabolism have been closely related to the survival of cancer patients. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate whether preoperative glucose-to-lymphocyte ratio (GLR) can be used to predict the survival of cancer patients.

Methods: We retrospectively examined 2172 cancer patients who underwent surgery from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2016.

Red blood cell distribution width is associated with sarcopenia risk in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Sarcopenia has received increasing attention in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Red blood cell distribution width (RDW) is a significant component of the complete blood count and indicates the heterogeneity of erythrocyte volume. Little information is known about RDW in relation to sarcopenia in early-stage (IA-IIIA) NSCLC.

Albumin-bilirubin score predicts trastuzumab resistance in HER2-positive breast cancer.

The albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) score is a novel indicator of liver function. Some studies showed that the ALBI score was a predictive marker for the prognosis and efficacy of drug therapy in malignancies. We aimed to assess the predicted role of ALBI score in the sensitivity to therapy with trastuzumab in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) positive breast cancer (BC).

Preoperative small airway dysfunction is associated with skeletal muscle loss in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Postoperative skeletal muscle loss (SM loss) was reported to be associated with a poor prognosis in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Small airway dysfunction (SAD) is a common but neglected respiratory abnormality. Little information is known about the association between preoperative SAD and postoperative SM loss in early-stage NSCLC.

Lower subcutaneous fat index predicts bone metastasis in breast cancer.

Background: Bone metastases affect 50% to 70% of breast cancer (BC) patients and have a high mortality rate. Adipose tissue loss plays a pivotal role in the progression of cancer.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the prognostic value of adipose tissue for bone metastasis in BC patients.

Ligamentum teres hepatis as a graft for portal and/or superior mesenteric vein reconstruction: From bench to bedside.

Background: Pancreaticoduodenectomy combined with portal vein (PV) and/or superior mesenteric vein (SMV) resection in patients with pancreaticobiliary malignancy has become a common surgical procedure. There are various grafts currently used for PV and/or SMV reconstruction, but each of these grafts have certain limitations. Therefore, it is necessary to explore novel grafts that have an extensive resource pool, are low cost with good clinical application, and are without immune response rejection or additional damage to patients.

Lean body mass predicts postoperative liver failure in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Post-hepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) is a severe complication of liver surgery in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. Reduced lean body mass (LBM) decreases the immune activity and increases adverse clinical outcomes among cancer patients.

Objective: We aimed to assess the association between LBM and PHLF in HCC patients.

Association between c-type lectin-like receptor 2 and microsatellite instability in colorectal cancer: a cross-sectional study.

Background: As a transmembrane protein, C-type lectin-like receptor 2 (CLEC-2) is mainly expressed on platelets and released into plasma after platelet activation. Activated platelets participate in the regulation of innate immune cells. Patients with different microsatellite statuses have distinct immune profiles.

Preoperative PDW levels predict pulmonary metastasis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: In hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), pulmonary metastasis (PM) after hepatectomy is associated with poor clinical outcomes. The crucial phases of tumour cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis all entail platelet activation. In HCC, platelet distribution width (PDW) suggests platelet size changes and predicts a worse prognosis.

Utility of mean platelet volume in differentiating intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma from hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are the most prevalent histologic types of primary liver cancer. HCC and ICC differ in treatment and prognosis, warranting an effective differential diagnosis between them. This study aimed to explore the clinical value of mean platelet volume (MPV) to discriminate between HCC and ICC.

Preoperative Pectoralis Muscle Index Predicts Distant Metastasis-Free Survival in Breast Cancer Patients.

Background: Breast cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers, and the fourth leading cause of cancer deaths in females worldwide. Sarcopenia is related to adverse clinical outcomes in patients with malignancies. Muscle index is a key parameter in evaluating sarcopenia.

The Association between Platelet Glycocalicin and High Microsatellite Instability in Colorectal Cancer.

Background: Elevated platelet volume is the risk factor for the development and poor overall survival of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Both microsatellite status and platelet glycoprotein Ib (GPIb) are related to platelet volume in CRC patients. This study aimed to investigate platelet GPIb ectodomain (termed glycocalicin) levels among CRC patients and the association between the glycocalicin levels and microsatellite status in CRC.

Numerical study on the influence of the linewidth of a QCW pulsed sodium laser on the brightness of a guide star.

In this paper, we investigated the impact of the linewidth of a QCW pulsed sodium laser on the brightness performance of a generating sodium laser guide star by using the numerical simulation tool PRS. We compared the field test results with the simulation results for two TIPC's 30W class sodium guide star lasers and found the results are in good agreement which proves the tool can be used for prediction. Then, we used the tool to study the influence of D2b repumping and different linewidths from 10MHz to 1GHz on the coupling efficiency and the photon return flux.

Efficacy and Safety of Regorafenib Monotherapy among Patients with Previously Treated Metastatic Colorectal Cancer in a Chinese Population: A Real-World Exploratory Study.

Background: Present study was condeucted to investigate the efficacy and safety of regorafenib for patients with previously treated metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) in a Chinese population and the prognostic implications of adverse reactions.

Methods: This retrospective study a total of 96 consecutive patients with mCRC who had failed standard chemotherapy regimens from June 2017 to December 2020. Patients received regorafenib at an initial dosage of 160 mg or 120 mg.

Fork head box M1 regulates vascular endothelial growth factor-A expression to promote the angiogenesis and tumor cell growth of gallbladder cancer.

Background: Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is an aggressive type of biliary tract cancer that lacks effective therapeutic targets. Fork head box M1 (FoxM1) is an emerging molecular target associated with tumor progression in GBC, and accumulating evidence suggests that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) promotes various tumors by inducing neoangiogenesis.

Aim: To investigate the role of FoxM1 and the angiogenesis effects of VEGF-A in primary GBC.

Significant difference of c-type lectin-like receptor 2 between colorectal cancer and polyp subgroups.

Background: Platelets play a key role in tumor progression and metastasis. C-type lectin-like receptor 2 (CLEC-2) is the receptor expressed on platelets and the marker of platelet activation.

Objective: This study aims to determine whether soluble CLEC-2 levels differ between patients with benign colorectal polyps and those with colorectal cancer (CRC).

Association between apoptosis inhibitor of macrophage and microsatellite instability status in colorectal cancer.

Background: The microsatellite instability (MSI) in colorectal cancer (CRC) has a more favorable clinical outcome and is characterized by highly upregulated expression of various immunological checkpoints than microsatellite stable (MSS) tumors. Apoptosis inhibitor of macrophage (AIM) is a circulating protein and circulates throughout the body to remove cellular debris. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between MSI status and AIM levels in CRC patients.

Higher platelet distribution width is associated with unfavorable prognosis in ovarian cancer.

Background: Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the most malignant gynecological cancers. Platelets play a profound role in cancer growth and metastasis. Platelet distribution width (PDW) is an indicator of platelet activation and is altered in malignancies.

Reduced mean platelet volume levels predict shorter survival in patients with resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and type 2 diabetes.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) increased the risk of developing pancreatic cancer. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most common neoplastic disease originating from the pancreas. Increasing evidence indicates that platelets activation plays a prominent role in tumor and T2DM.

Baicalin ameliorates neuropathology in repeated cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury model mice by remodeling the gut microbiota.

We investigated the neuroprotective effects of baicalin and the role of gut microbiota in a mouse model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Repeated cerebral ischemia-reperfusion significantly increased plasma levels of trimethylamine (TMA), trimethylamine--oxide (TMAO), and clusterin (a neuroinflammation biomarker). These changes correlated with cognitive decline; short-term memory deficits; abnormal long term potentiation (LTP); decreased functional connectivity (FC) between various brain regions; reduced plasticity and dendritic spine density in the hippocampus; increased levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNFα; and altered the gut microbial composition.