A New Source of Diterpene Lactones From (Burm. f.) Nees-Two Endophytic Fungi of sp. With Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities.

Endophytic fungi of medicinal plants are abundant, and their metabolites often have antioxidant, antibacterial, and antitumor effects and can produce secondary metabolites identical or similar to those of their hosts, which can mitigate the problem of insufficient supply of medicinal plants. In this study, we screened endophytic fungi for strains that produce the same diterpene lactones as based on their biological activity. Firstly, the dominant group of endophytic fungi of was screened and pathogenicity was studied using Koch's rule.

Predictive risk scales for development of pressure ulcers in pediatric patients admitted to general ward and intensive care unit.

Background: More than ten special scales are available to predict the risk of pressure ulcers in children. However, the performances of those scales have not yet been compared in China.

Aim: To compare the Waterlow, Braden Q, and Glamorgan scales, and identify more suitable pressure ulcer evaluation scale for the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU).

Progress in the physiological and genetic mechanisms underlying the high prolificacy of the Erhualian pig.

The Erhualian pig, originally distributed in the Taihu area, is well known for its universally high fertility. Previous studies have found that high ovulation numbers, low embryo mortality and high uterine volumes are important physiological characteristics underlying the high prolificacy of the Erhualian pig. Although candidate genes such as follicle-stimulating hormone β (FSHβ) and several quantitative trait loci (QTLs) on chromosome 2, 6, 7, 8, 12, 13 and 15 have been reported to affect the litter size in the Erhualian pig, the key genes related to high prolificacy remain poorly understood.

Isolation, Culture and Identification of Porcine Skeletal Muscle Satellite Cells.

The objective of this study was to establish the optimum protocol for the isolation and culture of porcine muscle satellite cells. Mononuclear muscle satellite cells are a kind of adult stem cell, which is located between the basal lamina and sarcolemma of muscle fibers and is the primary source of myogenic precursor cells in postnatal muscle. Muscle satellite cells are a useful model to investigate the mechanisms of muscle growth and development.

Expression of bone morphogenetic protein 2, 4, and related components of the BMP signaling pathway in the mouse uterus during the estrous cycle.

The objective was to investigate the expression of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) family members in the mouse uterus during the estrous cycle by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunohistochemistry. Uterine samples from Swiss ICR mice were collected and dissected free of surrounding tissue. One uterine horn was snap frozen in liquid nitrogen immediately after collection and stored at -80 °C for RNA extraction, and the other was fixed in 40 mg/ml paraformaldehyde at room temperature for immunolocalization of BMP2 protein.

Cell-specific expression and immunolocalization of nitric oxide synthase isoforms and soluble guanylyl cyclase α and β subunits in postnatal porcine uteri.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the cellular expression and immunolocalization of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) isoforms and soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) subunits in postnatal porcine uteri. Immunohistochemical experiments showed that three isoforms of NOS were mainly localized in the uterine luminal and glandular epithelium and myometrium, and the intensity of immunostaining for iNOS and eNOS was increased gradually with temporal development of the postnatal uterus. In addition, sGC subunits, sGCα1 and β, were present in the uterine luminal and glandular epithelium, myometrium and stromal cells.

[Infrared spectrum denoising with combination of lifting wavelet domain thresholding and median filtering].

Infrared spectra are often corrupted by noise, which may greatly influence the accuracy and precision of the analytical result. To improve the analytical precision, the authors need to denoise the spectrum data first. In the present paper, a spectrum denoising method by the second generation wavelet transform domain thresholding combined with the median filtering is introduced.

Age-dependent expression of forkhead box O proteins in the duodenum of rats.

The O subfamily of forkhead box (FoxO) proteins is the downstream effector of the insulin-like growth factor-1/phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (IGF-1/PI3K/PKB) signal pathway. The objective of the present study was to examine the expressions of three members of FoxO proteins, FoxO1, FoxO3a, and FoxO4 in the duodenum of Sprague-Dawley rats at different ages. The result demonstrated that the expression of FoxO4 in rat duodenum showed an age-dependent manner.

[The genetic effects of IGF2 gene intron3 variance in pigs].

A mispairing PCR-RFLP technique was applied in this study to determine the Insulin-like Growth Factor 2(IGF2) gene intron3 G3072A mutation in an outbred Landrace and Large White, and the gelded boars from Landrace x Large White cross. The difference of corresponding traits and the genetic effects of the boars inherited from parental A allele and inherited from parental G allele were analyzed. The results indicated that comparing with the boars inherited from parental G allele, the boars inherited from parental A allele increased significantly in the circumference 3.

FoxO4 is the main forkhead transcriptional factor localized in the gastrointestinal tracts of pigs.

Forkhead box (Fox) proteins play critical roles in the regulation of differentiation, proliferation, immunity and aging of cells. Most studies on Fox proteins are limited to cultured cells and rodent. The aim of the current study is to detect by immunohistrochemistry whether FoxO1, FoxO3a and FoxO4 proteins are localized in the stomach and intestine of the pig.

The correlation of reproduction-related gene expression with germ cell number in DM and PLL gilts.

In this study, the ovarian germ cell number was counted in 3-week-old Duroc x Meishan (DM, n=30) and PIC x (Landrace x Large White) (PLL, n=53) gilts, and the mRNA expression levels of four reproduction-related genes were investigated by quantitative RT-PCR. Correlation of germ cell number with the expression level of these genes was analyzed. Results showed that the germ cell number of DM was significantly higher than that of PLL gilts (P<0.

[Effects of microsatellite DNA markers on meat quality traits in pig chromosome 13].

In this reseanch, 7 microsatellite DNA loci linked with PPAR gene were selected from the published genetic map of chromosome 13 in pig,and polymorphisms of these microsatellites in 100 samples from Sutai pigs (Duroc x Erhualian) populations were detected. Results revealed that the number of alleles were 6-9, heterozygosity 0.59 - 0.

[Analysis of gene expression information in the fat and muscle tissues of pig].

An in silico study was developed to detect the gene expression profile of pig fat and muscle tissues by using the porcine EST resources and human gene sequences,and thus provided candidate information for basic genetic analysis in meat quality improvement of pig. In this study,a BLAST search was performed to identify homologies between the cDNA sequences of human genes and the ESTs sequences of pig,and the high homologous records were screened out. Four Java programs were developed to retrieve and collect sequences, and analyze the BLAST alignment results.

[Study on water extraction process of Herba epimedii with microwave technology].

Objective: To study, the high polar media-water extraction process of Herba epimedii with the microwave technology.

Method: The single parameters of extraction process was investigated with dry extract yield and extraction efficiency of icariin as content index.

Result: Through studying the single parameter, the optimal conditions are as follows: 70% ethanol as wetting solvent, volume of solvent to weight of material equal to 6:1 in wetting, 30 min wetting time, 2.