Rejuvenation of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Mechanisms and Their Application in Senile Osteoporosis Treatment.

Bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) are multipotent cells present in bone marrow; they play a crucial role in the process of bone formation. Cellular senescence is defined as a stable state of cell cycle arrest that impairs the functioning of cells. Research has shown that aging triggers a state of senescence in BM-MSCs, leading to a reduced capacity for osteogenic differentiation and the accumulation of senescent cells, which can accelerate the onset of various diseases.