Neuroprotective Effects of Sodium Butyrate and Monomethyl Fumarate Treatment through GPR109A Modulation and Intestinal Barrier Restoration on PD Mice.

Research has connected Parkinson's disease (PD) with impaired intestinal barrier. The activation of G-protein-coupled receptor 109A (GPR109A) protects the intestinal barrier by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway. Sodium butyrate (NaB), which is a GPR109A ligand, may have anti-PD effects.

Potential roles of gut microbiota and microbial metabolites in Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complicated neurodegenerative disease attributed to multifactorial changes. However, its pathological mechanism remains undetermined. Accumulating evidence has revealed the emerging functions of gut microbiota and microbial metabolites, which can affect both the enteric nervous system and the central nervous system via the microbiota-gut-brain axis.

[Adsorption Behavior of Low Concentration Phosphorus from Water onto Modified Reed Biochar].

In order to remove low concentration of phosphorus in wastewater and realize resource utilization of reed, reed biochar(RB) was prepared using reed and then modified by ferric chloride, and the adsorption behavior of low concentration phosphorus was investigated. The results showed that the iron content of modified reed biochar(MRB) was 11.98 mg·g, which was 44.