Porphyrin-Based Supramolecular Self-Assemblies: Construction, Charge Separation and Transfer, Stability, and Application in Photocatalysis.

As a key means to solve energy and environmental problems, photocatalytic technology has made remarkable progress in recent years. Organic semiconductor materials offer structural diversity and tunable energy levels and thus attracted great attention. Among them, porphyrin and its derivatives show great potential in photocatalytic reactions and light therapy due to their unique large-π conjugation structure, high apparent quantum efficiency, tailorable functionality, and excellent biocompatibility.

Correlation Analyses of Amylase and Protease Activities and Physicochemical Properties of Wheat Bran During Solid-State Fermentation.

Solid-state fermentation (SSF) has emerged as an effective method for wheat bran valorization, providing advantages like cost reduction, decreased water usage, and enhanced product quality. In this study, wheat bran was fermented using to evaluate the extraction yield of soluble dietary fiber, the activities of protease and amylase, and the physicochemical characteristics of wheat bran during SSF. The findings demonstrated that the maximum yield of soluble dietary fiber was achieved after 120 h of fermentation at a moisture content of 55%.

SQLE-mediated squalene metabolism promotes tumor immune evasion in pancreatic cancer.

Background: Squalene epoxidase (SQLE) is a key enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis and has been shown to negatively affect tumor immunity and is associated with poor outcomes of immunotherapy in various cancers. While most research in this area has focused on the impact of cholesterol on immune functions, the influence of SQLE-mediated squalene metabolism within the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) remains unexplored.

Methods: We established an immune-competent mouse model (C57BL/6) bearing mouse pancreatic cancer xenografts (KPC cells) with or without stable SQLE-knockdown (SQLE-KD) to evaluate the impact of SQLE-mediated metabolism on pancreatic cancer growth and immune functions.

Efficacy and safety of multi-target tyrosine kinase inhibitor AL2846 combined with gemcitabine in pancreatic cancer.

Pancreatic cancer patients urgently need new treatments, and we explored the efficacy and safety of combination therapy with AL2846 and gemcitabine in pancreatic cancer patients. This was a single-arm, single-center, open-label phase I/IIa study (NCT06278493). The dose-escalation phase was designed to evaluate the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of AL2846 combined with gemcitabine.

Generation of an induced pluripotent stem cell line from a Kennedy Disease patient with AR mutation.

A human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line was generated from patient with Kennedy Disease (KD), who carried the CAG repeat expansion mutation in AR gene. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were reprogrammed using non-integrating delivery of KFL4, OCT4, SOX2, BCL-XL and c-MYC. The iPSC line expresses pluripotency markers, displays a normal karyotype, and is capable of differentiate into three germ layers in vitro.

Safety and efficacy of intraoperative radiation therapy using a low-energy X-ray source for resectable pancreatic cancer: an interim evaluation of an ongoing prospective phase II study.

Objective: The role of intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) in the management of resectable pancreatic cancer (RPC) remains unclear. To date, the application of IORT using a low-energy X-ray source has not been extensively investigated. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of IORT using a 50 kV X-ray source in treating RPC.

Nanogap-Assisted SERS/PCR Biosensor Coupled Machine Learning for the Direct Sensing of in Food.

() is the primary risk factor in food safety. Herein, a nanogap-assisted surface-enhanced Raman scattering/polymerase chain reaction (SERS/PCR) biosensor coupled with a machine-learning tool was developed for the direct and specific sensing of S. aureus in milk.

Identification of a broad-inhibition influenza neuraminidase antibody from pre-existing memory B cells.

Identifying broadly reactive B precursor cells and conserved epitopes is crucial for developing a universal flu vaccine. In this study, using influenza neuraminidase (NA) mutant probes, we find that human pre-existing NA-specific memory B cells (MBCs) account for ∼0.25% of total MBCs, which are heterogeneous and dominated by class-unswitched MBCs.

Characteristics of OSA modified starch-based Pickering emulsion and its application to myofibrillar protein gel.

Background: Pickering emulsions prepared with octenyl succinic anhydride-modified starch (OSAS) show significant promise as replacements for animal fat. However, the underlying mechanism of incorporating an OSAS-based Pickering emulsion into a myofibrillar protein (MP) gel and its impact on the gel properties remain poorly understood. In this study, the effects of OSAS at varying concentrations (0-10.

Potato late blight leaf detection in complex environments.

Potato late blight is a common disease affecting crops worldwide. To help detect this disease in complex environments, an improved YOLOv5 algorithm is proposed. First, ShuffleNetV2 is used as the backbone network to reduce the number of parameters and computational load, making the model more lightweight.

[Tracing the Surface Water Pollution in a Chemical Park Based on the Fusion of Spectral and Chromatographic Characteristic Data].

Identification of the pollution source of surface water in a chemical park was difficult because many industrial enterprises with complex wastewater components and similar characteristics are located there. Therefore, a national-level chemical park in Jiaxing City was studied, and wastewater samples from ten batches of seven key enterprises in the park were collected and analyzed using 3D excitation emission matrix spectrometry （EEMS） and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS）. Parallel factor analysis was used to extract common components of EEMS spectra from different batches of drainage in the same enterprise to construct an EEMS characteristic data matrix.

Accumulated BCAAs and BCKAs contribute to the HFD-induced deterioration of Alzheimer's disease via a dysfunctional TREM2-related reduction in microglial β-amyloid clearance.

A high-fat diet (HFD) induces obesity and insulin resistance, which may exacerbate amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) pathology during Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression. Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) accumulate in obese or insulin-resistant patients and animal models. However, roles of accumulated BCAAs and their metabolites, branched-chain keto acids (BCKAs), in the HFD-induced deterioration of AD and the underlying mechanisms remains largely unclear.

Combined collaterals and hemodynamic features to predict the prognosis in acute ischemic stroke patients undergoing mechanical thrombectomy.

Background: Despite successful recanalization via mechanical thrombectomy (MT), only half of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients achieve functional independence. Post-MT hemodynamic features are insufficiently investigated, and the lack of bilateral comparisons limits individual assessment. Therefore, we aimed to explore how individualized hemodynamic features affect functional outcomes using quantitative digital subtraction angiography (Q-DSA).

Incidence, Risk Factors, and Modified Risk Assessment Model of Venous Thromboembolism in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Patients.

Background: Venous thromboembolic events (VTEs) are the second-leading cause of death in cancer patients, with an incidence of 5%-17% in lymphoma patients, particularly higher in those with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Existing risk assessment models (RAMs) like the Khorana and ThroLy scores have limitations and are inadequately validated for NHL patients. Coagulation markers such as D-dimer, thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT), and thrombomodulin (TM) show a potential predictive value for cancer-associated VTE but lack extensive research in NHL.

Heterologous expression, enzymatic properties, product analysis and molecular docking of assimilative nitrite reductase (NiR) in Bacillus velezensis GXMZU-B1 derived from mariculture.

High concentrations of nitrite stress aquatic animals, leading to significant fish and shrimp deaths as well as environmental pollution. Reducing nitrite levels in high-density aquaculture is crucial for both aquaculture safety and environmental protection. Nitrite reductase (NiR) can rapidly reduce nitrite in water, offering potential applications in aquaculture and water treatment.

Facile synthesis of high-swelling cyclodextrin polymer for sustainable water purification.

Porous materials are widely used in the adsorption field to sequester pollutants to address the global sustainable water security and water scarcity concerns. However, there are still challenges that limit their industrial application, especially the required rational design and construction of porous structures. Here, we report a high-swelling cyclodextrin polymer (His-CDP) that is facilely synthesized without additional design and templates, to achieve high affinity, non-specific and rapid adsorption of pollutants.

Adsorption properties and competitive adsorption mechanism exhibited by carbon-nanotube-modified biochar for removal of crude oil and Ni(II) pollutants from water.

Carbon-nanotube-modified biochar (CNT3-CBC) with a nanostructured surface was prepared by using cattle manure as the raw material via the impregnation method. This modified biochar was then used to adsorb petroleum and Ni(II) from aqueous solutions. Various physicochemical characterization techniques were employed, including SEM, BET analysis, FTIR, and XPS.

An ultrasensitive electrochemical sensor for the simultaneous detection of baicalin and baicalein in pharmaceuticals and serum samples.

Developing an accurate and ultrasensitive method for the simultaneous detection of baicalin and baicalein, two key flavonoid from Scutellaria baicalensis, is critical, particularly in the context of traditional Chinese medicine. This study focuses on an innovative electrochemical approach, utilizing a biochar (BC)/ZIF-67/MnCoO composite, which was fabricated via a combination of ultrasonic, calcination, and hydrothermal treatments. The resulting BC/ZIF-67/MnCoO electrode exhibits exceptional sensitivity, with linear response ranges of 0.

Adjuvant sorafenib for hepatocellular carcinoma after radiofrequency ablation versus radiofrequency ablation: analysis of its efficacy and safety.

Objectives: For the treatment of early hepatocellular carcinoma, we compared the efficacy and safety of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) alone and radiofrequency ablation combined with sorafenib (RFA+Sor).

Methods: A total of 164 patients with early HCC were included in the study. There were 87 patients who underwent RFA alone, and 77 patients who underwent RFA+Sor treatment.

Non-canonical function of PHGDH promotes HCC metastasis by interacting with METTL3.

Purpose: Phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH), a pivotal enzyme in serine synthesis, plays a key role in the malignant progression of tumors through both its metabolic activity and moonlight functions. This study aims to elucidate the non-canonical function of PHGDH in promoting hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) metastasis through its interaction with methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3), potentially uncovering a novel therapeutic target.

Methods: Western blot was used to study PHGDH expression changes under anoikis and cellular functional assays were employed to assess its role in HCC metastasis.

[Hereditary protein S deficiency in a patient with prominent mesenteric venous thrombosis: A case report].

Hereditary protein S deficiency (PSD) is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by mutations in the 1 gene which can cause venous thrombosis. Individuals with PSD usually present with recurrent deep vein thrombosis and/or pulmonary embolism, but thrombosis may occur at unusual sites, such as the mesenteric and portal veins. Here we report a case of hereditary protein S deficiency patient with predominant mesenteric venous thrombosis.

[Assessment of residual symptoms in patients with axial spondyloarthritis with low disease activity and analysis of its related factors].

Objective: To comprehensively assess the occurrence of residual symptoms in patients with axial spondyloarthritis who have successfully attained the treatment goal of low disease activity, and to conduct a thorough analysis of the related factors.

Methods: An analysis was performed on axial spondyloarthritis patients who achieved low disease activity for the first time during their visits at the Rheumatology and Immunology Department of Peking University Third Hospital, spanning from May 1, 2021, to February 29, 2024. Based on the ankylosing spondylitis disease activity score-C-reactive protein (ASDAS-CRP), the patients who achieved low disease activity were divided into a non-remission low disease activity group and a remission group.

Nondestructive Analysis of Commercial Batteries.

Electrochemical batteries play a crucial role for powering portable electronics, electric vehicles, large-scale electric grids, and future electric aircraft. However, key performance metrics such as energy density, charging speed, lifespan, and safety raise significant consumer concerns. Enhancing battery performance hinges on a deep understanding of their operational and degradation mechanisms, from material composition and electrode structure to large-scale pack integration, necessitating advanced characterization methods.