Reintegrating human excreta into the agriculture of rural China: Ecological risks and application strategies.

Treating and valorizing human excreta in rural China is challenging because of its high hazardous element content. Moreover, studies on the concentrations and ecological risks of human excreta in different regions are limited. To address this gap, we conducted a cross-sectional study using data from rural China.

Dissemination of -harboring plasmids in carbapenem-resistant and hypervirulent .

Carbapenem-resistant (CRKP) is a global public health threat, and CRKP strains carrying plasmids are of particular concern. Here, the antimicrobial resistance and molecular epidemiological characteristics of 59 CRKP strains isolated from patients receiving care at a tertiary hospital in China from 2019 to 2021 were determined through antimicrobial resistance testing and genomic sequence analysis. We analyzed the genetic characteristics and transmissibility of -harboring plasmids through S1-digested pulsed field gel electrophoresis, Southern blotting, and conjugation assays.

Putative Transformation Mechanism of γ-l-Glutamyl-S-Allyl-l-Cysteine during the Processing of Black Garlic.

γ-l-Glutamyl-S-allyl-l-cysteine (GSAC) is renowned for its flavor-modifying effects and beneficial biological activities. However, the level of GSAC decreases significantly during the processing of black garlic, and the pathways and degradation products resulting from this decline remain unclear. To investigate the potential transformation mechanisms of GSAC in black garlic, simulation systems for thermal decomposition, Maillard reactions, and enzymatic hydrolysis were established.

Program temperature-controlled drying: An effective way to improve the quality of hot-air dried shiitake mushrooms.

This study applied program temperature-controlled drying (PTCD) to optimize the hot-air drying process for shiitake mushrooms, adjusting the drying temperature based on activity changes of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GTase) and cysteine sulfoxide lyase (C-S lyase). Compared with constant temperature drying, PTCD (ST_75 and ST_150) significantly enhanced the umami and aroma profiles and sulfur compounds, increasing the levels of key flavor compounds such as glutamic acid and 5'-GMP. Moreover, PTCD improved rehydration capacity (515.

Decadal Evolution of KPC-related plasmids in Pseudomonas aeruginosa high-risk clone ST463 in Zhejiang, China.

Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa (KPC-PA) isolates have quickly expanded in China, especially the high-risk clone ST463. We aimed to explore the evolution of KPC-related plasmids driving ST463 clone success. Whole-genome sequencing of 1258 clinical P.

Catalytic asymmetric Michael and Nef-type sequential reaction of nitroolefin with azlactone to construct oxazole-fused succinimide.

A series of oxazole-fused succinimides bearing vicinal quaternary carbon centers were synthesized. This process takes place between nitroolefins and azlactones in the presence of a bifunctional chiral guanidine-sulfonamide organocatalyst, followed by a Nef-type transformation under the treatment of DMAP/AcO. Several control experiments were conducted to propose the mechanism.

A nationwide characterization of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in livestock and poultry food products across China: Residual levels, origin and the associated health risks.

Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) are still occurring in various foodstuffs after the ban on their use. However, it remains unclear concerning the contamination source of OCPs in livestock and poultry food products and associated health risks. To fill this gap, we characterized the residual levels of 19 OCPs in multiple types of meats and eggs, which were sampled across China within the same period.

Assessment of microorganisms in drinking water disinfected by catalytic ozonation with fluorinated ceramic honeycomb and NaClO disinfectants under laboratory and pilot conditions.

While sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) has long been used to disinfect drinking water, concerns have risen over its use due to causing potentially hazardous byproducts. Catalytic ozonation with metal-free catalysts has attracted increasing attention to eliminate the risk of secondary pollution of byproducts in water treatment. Here, we compared the disinfection efficiency and microbial community of catalytic ozone with a type of metal-free catalyst fluorinated ceramic honeycomb (FCH) and NaClO disinfectants under laboratory- and pilot-scale conditions.

Monitoring Changes in Biochemical and Metabolite Profiles in Garlic Cloves during Storage.

Storage is important for the garlic cloves industry because it is critical to enabling a year-round supply. This study aimed to investigate the changes in biochemical and metabolic profiles in garlic cloves in terms of different temperatures and cultivars during storage using nontargeted and targeted metabolomics. The results showed that the storage temperatures and times were important factors affecting the composition and metabolite content of garlic cloves.

Chromosomal integration and plasmid fusion occurring in ST20 carbapenem-resistant isolates coharboring and induce resistance transmission and fitness variation.

To investigate the epidemiology of ST20 carbapenem-resistant (CRKP) in China, and further explore the genomic characteristics of and coharboring isolates and plasmid contributions to resistance and fitness. Seven ST20 CRKP isolates were collected nationwide, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed. Antimicrobial resistance genes, virulence genes, and plasmid replicons were identified via whole-genome sequencing, and clonality assessed via core-genome multilocus sequence typing.

[Expression and clinical significance of plasma exosomal miR-34-5p and miR-142-3p in systemic sclerosis].

Objective: To detect the expression of plasma exosomal microRNA (miRNA) in systemic sclerosis (SSc), and to investigate its clinical significance.

Methods: A total of 20 patients who were initially diagnosed with SSc and did not receive medication in Department of Rheumatology and Immunology of Meizhou People' s Hospital from January 2020 to January 2022 were recruited, as well as 15 healthy individuals whose gender and age matched with those of the SSc patients. Plasma exosomes were isolated using ultracentrifugation method.

Microbial community of municipal drinking water in Hangzhou using metagenomic sequencing.

While traditional culture-dependent methods can effectively detect certain microorganisms, the comprehensive composition of the municipal drinking water (DW) microbiome, including bacteria, archaea, and viruses, remains unknown. Metagenomic sequencing has opened the door to accurately determine and analyze the entire microbial community of DW, providing a comprehensive understanding of DW species diversity, especially in the context of public health concerns during the COVID-19 era. In this study, we found that most of the culturable bacteria and some fecal indicator bacteria, such as Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, were non-culturable using culture-dependent methods in all samples.

Chiral Lewis Acid-Catalyzed Asymmetric Multicomponent Michael Reaction through [1,2]-Phospha-Brook Rearrangement.

The multicomponent catalytic asymmetric Pudovik addition/[1,2]-phospha-Brook rearrangement/Michael reaction sequence of isatins, phosphites, and 4-oxobutenoates was realized. A series of oxindole derivatives containing two contiguous stereocenters was obtained in high yields and excellent stereoselectivities (up to >99% yield, >95:5 dr, >99% ee) using a chiral Lewis acid catalyst. A possible catalytic model is presented to illustrate the stereocontrol.

Clinical efficacy and tendon integrity of patients with subscapularis tear by the technique of arthroscopic single external row repair.

Background: With the development of arthroscopic technology and equipment, arthroscopy can effectively repair the tear of the subscapular muscle. However, it is difficult to expose the subscapular muscle and operate it under a microscope. In this study, the SwiveLock C external row anchor under arthroscopy was applied to repair the tear of the subscapular muscle in a single row, which is relatively easy to operate with reliable suture and fixation, and its efficacy was evaluated.

Biomechanical effect of endplate defects on the intermediate vertebral bone in consecutive two-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion: a finite element analysis.

Background: Intermediate vertebral collapse is a newly discovered complication of consecutive two-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF). There have been no analytical studies related to the effects of endplate defects on the biomechanics of the intermediate vertebral bone after ACDF. This study aimed to compare the effects of endplate defects on the intermediate vertebral bone biomechanics in the zero-profile (ZP) and cage-and-plate (CP) methods of consecutive 2-level ACDF and to determine whether collapse of the intermediate vertebra is more likely to occur using ZP.

Bibliometric and visualized analysis of research relating to minimally invasive spine surgery reported over the period 2000-2022.

Background: Since entering the 21 century, there has been an increasing interest in minimally invasive surgery for spinal diseases, which has led to the continued development of minimally invasive spine surgery (MISS), with major breakthroughs in technology and technical skills. However, in recent years, there is little relevant research using bibliometrics to analyze the field of MISS research. The purpose of this study is to sort out the publication situation and topic trends of articles in the field of MISS research from the perspective of bibliometrics.

NA-OR: A path optimization method for manipulators via node attraction and obstacle repulsion.

This paper is concerned with the issue of path optimization for manipulators in multi-obstacle environments. Aimed at overcoming the deficiencies of the sampling-based path planning algorithm with high path curvature and low safety margin, a path optimization method, named NA-OR, is proposed for manipulators, where the NA (node attraction) and OR (obstacle repulsion) functions are developed to refine the path by iterations. In the iterations of path optimization, the node attraction function is designed to pull the path nodes toward the center of their neighbor nodes, thereby reducing the path curvature and improving the smoothness.

Wide-Scope Multi-residue analysis of pesticides in beef by gas chromatography coupled with quadrupole Orbitrap mass spectrometry.

Increasing pesticide contamination in foods of animal origin has made the wide-scope multi-residue analysis of pesticides an international concern. By using 191 pesticides, this study investigates a sensitive and reliable method for multi-residue analysis of pesticides in beef to determine the extent of the application of this method. The QuEChERS method was employed to extract and purify the pesticides as C18 was utilized as the absorbents.