Cultural Values Influence the Developmental Trajectory of Resistance to Social Influence Over the Course of Adolescence.

The opinions of peers are among the most potent factors influencing human decision-making. Research conducted in Western societies suggests that individuals become more resistant to peer influence from late adolescence to adulthood. It is unknown whether this developmental trajectory is universal across cultures.

Arsenic methylation and microbial communities in paddy soils under alternating anoxic and oxic conditions.

Arsenic (As) methylation in soils affects the environmental behavior of As, excessive accumulation of dimethylarsenate (DMA) in rice plants leads to straighthead disease and a serious drop in crop yield. Understanding the mobility and transformation of methylated arsenic in redox-changing paddy fields is crucial for food security. Here, soils including un-arsenic contaminated (N-As), low-arsenic (L-As), medium-arsenic (M-As), and high-arsenic (H-As) soils were incubated under continuous anoxic, continuous oxic, and consecutive anoxic/oxic treatments respectively, to profile arsenic methylating process and microbial species involved in the As cycle.

Using single antigen specificity magnetic beads for the isolation of specific antibodies against HLA antigens.

The presence of multiple donor-specific antibodies (DSAs) targeting HLA antigens poses a challenge to transplantation. Various techniques, including the use of recombinant cell lines and crossmatch cells have been developed to isolate DSAs. To simplify the extraction of HLA-specific DSAs from complex sera, we introduced magnetic beads with single HLA specificity (MagSort).

Iron oxide-supported gold nanoparticle electrode for simultaneous detection of arsenic and sulfide on-site.

The environmental behavior of arsenic (As) has garnered significant attention due to its hazardous nature. The fate of As often couples with sulfide, thus co-detecting arsenic and sulfide on-site is crucial for comprehending their geochemical interactions. While electrochemical methods are suitable for on-site chemical analysis, there currently exists no electrode capable of simultaneously detecting both arsenic and sulfide.

A Multienzyme Cascade Pathway Immobilized in a Hydrogen-Bonded Organic Framework for the Conversion of CO.

The reduction of carbon dioxide to valuable chemicals through enzymatic processes is regarded as a promising approach for the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions. In this study, an in vitro multi-enzyme cascade pathway is constructed for the conversion of CO into dihydroxyacetone (DHA). This pathway, known as FFFP, comprises formate dehydrogenase (FDH), formaldehyde dehydrogenase (FaldDH), formolase (FLS), and phosphite dehydrogenase (PTDH), with PTDH serving as the critical catalyst for regenerating the coenzyme NADH.

A neural signature of social support mitigates negative emotion.

Social support can mitigate the impact of distressing events. Such stress buffering elicits activity in many brain regions, but it remains unclear (1) whether this activity constitutes a stable brain signature, and (2) whether brain activity can predict buffering across people. Here, we developed a neural signature that predicted social buffering of negative emotion in response to real life stressors.

Programmable and printable formaldehyde dehydrogenase as an excellent catalyst for biodegradation of formaldehyde.

As an environmental pollutant, formaldehyde can cause serious harm to the human body. Among many degradation methods, formaldehyde dehydrogenase from (PFDH) exhibits broad potential because of its strong catalytic specificity and high degradation efficiency. However, the real application of PFDH in industry is limited by its instability and difficulties in recycling.

Comparative microstructural study on the teeth of Mesozoic birds and non-avian dinosaurs.

Although it is commonly considered that, in birds, there is a trend towards reduced dentition, teeth persisted in birds for 90 Ma and numerous macroscopic morphologies are observed. However, the extent to which the microstructure of bird teeth differs from other lineages is poorly understood. To explore the microstructural differences of the teeth of birds in comparison with closely related non-avialan dinosaurs, the enamel and dentine-related features were evaluated in four Mesozoic paravian species from the Yanliao and Jehol biotas.

The Fluorescence Response of Four Crystalline Starches According to Ultrasound-Assisted Starch-Salicylic Acid Inclusions.

Fluorescence has shown its superior performance in the fields of starch physicochemical properties, starch-based materials, and the interactions of starch with small molecules. However, it has not been well explored in the fluorescence characteristics of starch. Herein, the fluorescence properties of four crystalline starches (A-type tapioca starch, B-type potato starch, C-type pea starch, and V-type starch, prepared with corn starch and stearic acid) were investigated using salicylic acid (SA) as an indicator.

Enzyme-based electrochemical biosensor for antimonite detection in water.

Antimonite (Sb) is a naturally occurring contaminant demanding on-site ultrasensitive detection. The enzyme-based electrochemical (EC) biosensors are promising, but the lack of specific Sb oxidizing enzymes hindered the past efforts. Herein, we modulated the specificity of arsenite oxidase AioAB toward Sb by regulating its spatial conformation from tight to loose using the metal-organic framework ZIF-8.

Multicenter Validation of a Urine CXCL10 Assay for Noninvasive Monitoring of Renal Transplants.

Background: Urine CXCL10 (C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10, interferon gamma-induced protein 10 [IP10]) outperforms standard-of-care monitoring for detecting subclinical and early clinical T-cell-mediated rejection (TCMR) and may advance TCMR therapy development through biomarker-enriched trials. The goal was to perform an international multicenter validation of a CXCL10 bead-based immunoassay (Luminex) for transplant surveillance and compare with an electrochemiluminescence-based (Meso Scale Discovery [MSD]) assay used in transplant trials.

Methods: Four laboratories participated in the Luminex assay development and evaluation.

Neural correlates associated with conformity in adolescent and young adult men.

Social influence affects us throughout our lives, shaping our attitudes, behaviors, and preferences. Thus, the current study aimed to examine whether key age groups (adolescence versus young adulthood) were associated with differences in neural correlates associated with processing social feedback and conformity (i.e.

One dimensional approximations of neuronal dynamics reveal computational strategy.

The relationship between neuronal activity and computations embodied by it remains an open question. We develop a novel methodology that condenses observed neuronal activity into a quantitatively accurate, simple, and interpretable model and validate it on diverse systems and scales from single neurons in C. elegans to fMRI in humans.

Site-directed mutagenesis of HLA molecules reveals the functional epitope of a human HLA-A1/A36-specific monoclonal antibody.

Eplet 44KM is currently listed in the HLA Epitope Registry but does not adhere to the eplet definition of an amino acid configuration within a 3.5 Å radius. Eplet 44KM has been previously redefined to the antibody-verified reactivity pattern 44K/150V/158V, based on reactivity analysis of monoclonal antibody VDK1D12.

Osimertinib versus platinum-pemetrexed in patients with previously treated EGFR T790M advanced non-small cell lung cancer: An updated AURA3 trial-based cost-effectiveness analysis.

Background: A recently overall survival (OS) analysis from the AURA3 trial indicated that osimertinib improves median OS versus platinum-pemetrexed for patients with previously treated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) T790M advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Here, we assessed the cost-effectiveness of second-line osimertinib versus platinum-pemetrexed, from the perspectives of the United States payer and the Chinese health care system.

Methods: A Markov model was constructed to compare the costs and health outcomes of osimertinib versus platinum-pemetrexed in second-line treatment of EGFR T790M advanced NSCLC.

The interaction between autophagy and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition mediated by NICD/ULK1 is involved in the formation of diabetic cataracts.

Background: Cataracts are the leading cause of blindness and a common ocular complication of diabetes. The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of lens epithelial cells (LECs) and altered autophagic activity occur during the development of diabetic cataracts. The disturbed interaction of autophagy with EMT in LECs stimulated by high glucose levels may participate in cataract formation.

Tumor Cell-Specific and Lipase-Responsive Delivery of Hydrogen Sulfide for Sensitizing Chemotherapy of Pancreatic Cancer.

The inability of small molecule drugs to diffuse into tumor interstitium is responsible for the relatively low effectiveness of chemotherapy. Herein, a hydrogen sulfide (HS) gas-involved chemosensitization strategy is proposed for pancreatic cancer treatment by developing a tumor-specific lipase-responsive nanomedicine based on aptamer-conjugated DATS/Dox co-loaded PCL--PEO micelle (DA/D@Ms-A). After receptor-mediated endocytosis and subsequent digestion of PCL blocks by intracellular lipase, the nanomedicine releases Dox and DATS, which then react with intracellular glutathione to produce HS.

Enhancing the biocatalytic synthesis of chiral drug intermediate by rational design an aldo-keto reductase from Bacillus megaterium YC4-R4.

In recent years, with the increasing number of patients with depression, the efficient synthesis of the first-line antidepressant drug duloxetine intermediate (S-N,N-dimethyl-3-hydroxy-3-(2-thienyl)-1-propanamine, S-DHTP) has attracted great attention. The wild-type AKR3-2-9 from Bacillus megaterium YC4-R4 exhibits high application potential of catalyzing N,N-dimethyl-3-keto-3-(2-thienyl)-1-propanamine (DKTP) to prepare S-DHTP, but there is still much room for improvement. In this work, rational design was carried out to enhance the catalytic potential of AKR3-2-9.

Atezolizumab compared to chemotherapy for first-line treatment in non-small cell lung cancer with high PD-L1 expression: a cost-effectiveness analysis from US and Chinese perspectives.

Background: The IMpower110 trial revealed that atezolizumab treatment had significantly longer overall survival (OS) than chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with high-programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression. The purpose of the present study was to estimate the cost-effectiveness of atezolizumab versus platinum-based chemotherapy for first-line treatment in metastatic NSCLC with high PD-L1 expression, from the perspective of US and Chinese payers.

Methods: A partitioned survival model was constructed based on information from the IMpower110 clinical trial to estimate cost-effectiveness of atezolizumab versus chemotherapy as first-line treatment of metastatic NSCLC.

3D printing of recombinant Escherichia coli/Au nanocomposites as agitating paddles towards robust catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol.

Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology has received remarkable attention in manufacturing catalysts with tailored shapes and high precision, particularly facilitating catalyst recovery, maximizing heat/mass transfer, as well as enhancing catalytic performance. Herein, an engineered recombinant Escherichia coli strain (denoted as e-E. coli) with overexpressing metallothionein (a metal-binding protein) was explored to synthesize Au nanoparticles serving as both reducing and stabilizing agents.

Purpose in Life, Loneliness, and Protective Health Behaviors During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background And Objectives: Social distancing, while effective in slowing the spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), can increase social isolation. The current preregistered study examined purpose in life as a psychological resource that may buffer against loneliness and increase intentions to engage in health-protective behaviors.

Research Design And Methods: During the COVID-19 pandemic, 517 adults (mean = 37.

Activity in the brain's valuation and mentalizing networks is associated with propagation of online recommendations.

Word of mouth recommendations influence a wide range of choices and behaviors. What takes place in the mind of recommendation receivers that determines whether they will be successfully influenced? Prior work suggests that brain systems implicated in assessing the value of stimuli (i.e.

Nivolumab vs Pembrolizumab for Treatment of US Patients With Platinum-Refractory Recurrent or Metastatic Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Network Meta-analysis and Cost-effectiveness Analysis.

Importance: Nivolumab and pembrolizumab are approved for treating platinum-refractory recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (R/M HNSCC). Physicians and patients are uncertain which drug is preferable, rendering a cost-effectiveness comparison between them necessary.

Objective: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of nivolumab vs pembrolizumab in treating platinum-refractory R/M HNSCC.

Response to Serrano and Chiappe.

In the recent study in Current Biology by Pei and colleagues, we used two proxies - wing loading and specific lift - to reconstruct powered flight potential across the vaned feathered fossil pennaraptorans. The results recovered multiple origins of powered flight. We respectfully disagree with the criticism raised by Serrano and Chiappe that wing loading and specific lift, used in sequence, fail to discriminate between powered flight and gliding.

Enhanced targeting of 3D pancreatic cancer spheroids by aptamer-conjugated polymeric micelles with deep tumor penetration.

Pancreatic cancer is a high degree malignant tumor which makes its diagnosis and treatment highly critical. The effect of conventional chemotherapy for pancreatic cancer is quite poor due to the low accumulation of the chemotherapeutic drugs at the tumor site. Therefore, enhancing the targeting efficiency and accumulation of the drug carrier at tumor site with subsequent release of drug within the effective time period is one of the key factors for successful targeted chemotherapy of pancreatic cancer.