CD97 maintains tumorigenicity of glioblastoma stem cells via mTORC2 signaling and is targeted by CAR Th9 cells.

Glioblastoma (GBM) stem cells (GSCs) contribute to poor prognosis in patients with GBM. Identifying molecular markers is crucial for developing targeted therapies. Here, we identify cluster of differentiation 97 (CD97) as an optimal GSC surface antigen for potential targeting by chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy through in vitro antibody screening.

Rapid and accurate bacteria identification through deep-learning-based two-dimensional Raman spectroscopy.

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) offers a distinctive vibrational fingerprint of the molecules and has led to widespread applications in medical diagnosis, biochemistry, and virology. With the rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) technology, AI-enabled Raman spectroscopic techniques, as a promising avenue for biosensing applications, have significantly boosted bacteria identification. By converting spectra into images, the dataset is enriched with more detailed information, allowing AI to identify bacterial isolates with enhanced precision.

Viewing angle controller using two parallel alignment liquid crystal cells for automotive systems.

We proposed a viewing angle controller (VAC) for car co-driver displays (CDDs). This VAC, integrated with the co-driver display, provides necessary information to the co-driver while minimizing driver distraction. It comprises two parallel alignment liquid crystal cells and two negative C films.

Attention-Linear Trajectory Prediction.

Recently, a large number of Transformer-based solutions have emerged for the trajectory prediction task, but there are shortcomings in the effectiveness of Transformers in trajectory prediction. Specifically, while position encoding preserves some of the ordering information, the self-attention mechanism at the core of the Transformer has its alignment invariance that leads to the loss of temporal information, which is crucial for trajectory prediction. For this reason, we design a simple and efficient strategy for temporal information extraction and prediction of trajectory sequences using the self-attention mechanism and linear layers.

A Wurster-Type Covalent Organic Framework with Internal Electron Transfer-Enhanced Catalytic Capacity for Tumor Therapy.

The low immunogenicity of tumors, along with the abnormal structural and biochemical barriers of tumor-associated vasculature, impedes the infiltration and function of effector T cells at the tumor site, severely inhibiting the efficacy of antitumor immunotherapy. In this study, a cobaloxime catalyst and STING agonist (MSA-2)-coloaded Wurster-type covalent organic framework (Co-TB COF-M) with internal electron transfer-enhanced catalytic capacity was developed as a COF-based immune activator. The covalently anchored cobaloxime adjusts the energy band structure of TB COF and provides it with good substrate adsorption sites, enabling it to act as an electron transmission bridge between the COF and substrate in proton reduction catalytic reactions.

In situ engineered magnesium alloy implant for preventing postsurgical tumor recurrence.

Invasive tumors are difficult to be completely resected in clinical surgery due to the lack of clear resection margins, which greatly increases the risk of postoperative recurrence. However, chemotherapy and radiotherapy as the traditional means of postoperative adjuvant therapy, are limited in postoperative applications, such as multi-drug resistance and low sensitivity, etc. Therefore, an engineered magnesium alloy rod is designed as a postoperative implant to completely remove postoperative residual tumor tissue and inhibit tumor recurrence by gas and mild magnetic hyperthermia therapy (MMHT).

All-RNA-mediated targeted gene integration in mammalian cells with rationally engineered R2 retrotransposons.

All-RNA-mediated targeted gene integration methods, rendering reduced immunogenicity, effective deliverability with non-viral vehicles, and a low risk of random mutagenesis, are urgently needed for next-generation gene addition technologies. Naturally occurring R2 retrotransposons hold promise in this context due to their site-specific integration profile. Here, we systematically analyzed the biodiversity of R2 elements and screened several R2 orthologs capable of full-length gene insertion in mammalian cells.

Dapagliflozin attenuates fat accumulation and insulin resistance in obese mice with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a common endocrine disorder affecting premenopausal women, is associated with various metabolic consequences such as insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, obesity, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Insulin sensitizers, such as metformin and pioglitazone, though effective, often leads to significant gastrointestinal adverse effects or weight gain, limiting its suitability for women with PCOS. There is an urgent need for safe, effective and affordable agents.

Genetic characterization of bovine coronavirus strain isolated in Inner Mongolia of China.

Background: Bovine coronavirus (BCoV) is implicated in severe diarrhea in calves and contributes to the bovine respiratory disease complex; it shares a close relationship with human coronavirus. Similar to other coronaviruses, remarkable variability was found in the genome and biology of the BCoV. In 2022, samples of feces were collected from a cattle farm.

Optomechanical Frequency Comb Based on Multiple Nonlinear Dynamics.

Phonon-based frequency combs that can be generated in the optical and microwave frequency domains have attracted much attention due to the small repetition rates and the simple setup. Here, we experimentally demonstrate a new type of phonon-based frequency comb in a silicon optomechanical crystal cavity including both a breathing mechanical mode (∼GHz) and flexural mechanical modes (tens of MHz). We observe strong mode competition between two approximate flexural mechanical modes, i.

Metal-Organic Framework-Based Nanovaccine for Relieving Immunosuppressive Tumors via Hindering Efferocytosis of Macrophages and Promoting Pyroptosis and Cuproptosis of Cancer Cells.

Current cancer vaccines face challenges due to an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and their limited ability to produce an effective immune response. To address the above limitations, we develop a 3-(2-spiroadamantyl)-4-methoxy-4-(3-phosphoryloxy)-phenyl-1,2-dioxetane (alkaline phosphatase substrate) and XMD8-92 (extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 inhibitor)-codelivered copper-tetrahydroxybenzoquinone (Cu-THBQ/AX) nanosized metal-organic framework to in situ-generate therapeutic vaccination. Once inside the early endosome, the alkaline phosphatase overexpressed in the tumor cells' membrane activates the in situ type I photodynamic effect of Cu-THBQ/AX for generating O, and the Cu-THBQ/AX catalyzes O and HO to O and OH via semiquinone radical catalysis and Fenton-like reactions.

Defect-rich sonosensitizers based on CeO with Schottky heterojunctions for boosting sonodynamic/chemodynamic synergistic therapy.

Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) has been recognized as a promising treatment for cancer due to its advantages of superior specificity, non-invasiveness, and deep tissue penetration. However, the antitumor effect of SDT remains restricted by the limited generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to the lack of highly efficient sonosensitizers. In this work, we developed the novel sonosensitizer Pt/CeOS by constructing oxygen defects through S doping and Pt loading .

GLIMS: A two-stage gradual-learning method for cancer genes prediction using multi-omics data and co-splicing network.

Identifying cancer genes is vital for cancer diagnosis and treatment. However, because of the complexity of cancer occurrence and limited cancer genes knowledge, it is hard to identify cancer genes accurately using only a few omics data, and the overall performance of existing methods is being called for further improvement. Here, we introduce a two-stage gradual-learning strategy GLIMS to predict cancer genes using integrative features from multi-omics data.

Chronic exposure to PM induces anxiety-like behavior via exacerbating hippocampal oxidative stress.

As one of the most environmental concerns, inhaled particulate matter (PM) causes numerous health problems. However, the associations between anxiety behavior and toxicity caused by PM have rarely been reported so far. To investigate the changes of behavior after PM exposure and to identify the potential mechanisms of toxicity, PM samples (with doses of 15 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg) were intratracheally instilled into rats to simulate inhalation of polluted air by the lungs.

Multisource working condition recognition via nonlinear kernel learning and -Laplacian manifold learning.

Effectively utilizing information from multiple sources and fewer labeled operating condition samples from a sucker-rod pumping system for oil production can improve the recognition effects and engineering practicability. Nevertheless, this is a challenging energy environment scientific application research subject, and therefore, this study proposes an operating state recognition scheme that relies on multisource nonlinear kernel learning and -Laplacian high-order manifold regularization logistic regress. Specifically, three measured features are selected and extracted, i.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with increased risk of early-onset sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity: Results from NHANES 2015-2018.

Objective: This study aims to estimate the prevalence of early-onset sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity in the United States and its relative risk due to obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

Methods: Data in this cross-sectional study were extracted from the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES) 2015-2018. Weighted multistage stratified probability sampling design was considered to estimate the prevalence of early-onset sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity.

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound to predict malignant upgrading of atypical ductal hyperplasia.

Background: A malignancy might be found at surgery in cases of atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) diagnosed via US-guided core needle biopsy (CNB). The objective of this study was to investigate the diagnostic performance of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in predicting ADH diagnosed by US-guided CNB that was upgraded to malignancy after surgery.

Methods: In this retrospective study, 110 CNB-diagnosed ADH lesions in 109 consecutive women who underwent US, CEUS, and surgery between June 2018 and June 2023 were included.

Programmed Targeting Pyruvate Metabolism Therapy Amplified Single-Atom Nanozyme-Activated Pyroptosis for Immunotherapy.

Increasing cellular immunogenicity and reshaping the immune tumor microenvironment (TME) are crucial for antitumor immunotherapy. Herein, this work develops a novel single-atom nanozyme pyroptosis initiator: UK5099 and pyruvate oxidase (POx)-co-loaded Cu-NS single-atom nanozyme (Cu-NS@UK@POx), that not only trigger pyroptosis through cascade biocatalysis to boost the immunogenicity of tumor cells, but also remodel the immunosuppressive TME by targeting pyruvate metabolism. By replacing N with weakly electronegative S, the original spatial symmetry of the Cu-N electron distribution is changed and the enzyme-catalyzed process is effectively regulated.

Single-Site Nanozymes with a Highly Conjugated Coordination Structure for Antitumor Immunotherapy via Cuproptosis and Cascade-Enhanced T Lymphocyte Activity.

The extracellular matrix (ECM) in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and upregulated immune checkpoints (ICs) on antitumor immune cells impede the infiltration and killing effect of T cells, creating an immunosuppressive TME. Herein, a cholesterol oxidase (CHO) and lysyl oxidase inhibitor (LOX-IN-3) co-delivery copper-dibenzo-[,]chrysene-2,3,6,7,10,11,14,15-octaol single-site nanozyme (Cu-DBCO/CL) was developed. The conjugated organic ligand and well-distributed Cu-O sites endow Cu-DBCO with unique redox capabilities, enabling it to catalyze O and HO to ·O and ·OH.