[Relationships of wheat leaf stomatal traits with wheat yield and drought-resistance].

Taking the DH population of wheat cultivar Hanxuan10/Lumai14 as test object, and by the methods of correlation analysis and path analysis, this paper studied the relationships of the flag leaf stomatal density (SD), stomatal length and width (SL and SW), stomatal conductance (g(s)), photosynthetic rate (P(n)), and transpiration rate (T(r)) on the 10th and 20th day after anthesis with the yield and the index of drought-resistance under the conditions of drought stress and normal irrigation. Under the two conditions, most of the test leaf traits on the 10th day after anthesis had less correlation with the yield and the index of drought-resistance, whereas the leaf traits on the 20th day after anthesis had significant positive correlations with thousand kernel weight but less correlation with grain number per ear, grain yield per plant, and index of drought-resistance. Path analysis showed that g(s), P(n), and T(r) were the main factors affecting the grain yield per plant (YPP) and the index of drought resistance (IDR), and the effects were stronger both in direct and in indirect ways.

[Sequence polymorphism and mapping of wheat Ca2+-binding protein TaCRT-A gene].

Taking thirty-seven hexaploid wheat (AABBDD) accessions with different drought resistance at seedling stage, three wheat species with A genome (AA), and three tetraploid wheat species (AABB) as test materials, and by direct sequencing the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in TaCRT-A, this paper analyzed the relationships of the SNP with the drought resistance of wheat ( Triticum aestivum) at its seedling stage, and mapped the TaCRT-A on the chromosome of wheat. The full-length sequence of the TaCRT-A genomic DNA was 3887 bp. A total of 202 nucleotide variant loci were observed in the full length sequence of 167141 bp, among which, 165 SNP and 37 InDel with the frequencies of 1 SNP/1013 bp and 1 InDel/4517 bp were detected, respectively.

Isolation and characterization of a gene encoding a polyethylene glycol-induced cysteine protease in common wheat.

Plant cysteine protease (CP) genes are induced by abiotic stresses such as drought, yet their functions remain largely unknown. We isolated the full-length cDNA encoding a Triticum aestivum CP gene, designated TaCP, from wheat by the rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) method. Sequence analysis revealed that TaCP contains an open reading frame encoding a protein of 362 amino acids, which is 96% identical to barley cysteine protease HvSF42.

[Genetic characteristics of wheat functional leaves at filling stage under different water regimes].

Taking one hundred and fifty doubled haploid (DH) lines of winter wheat cultivars Hanxuan 10 x Lumai 14 as well as their parents as test materials, the genetic bases of top three leaves length, breadth, and angle at mid-filling stage, and their correlations with yield traits were studied under two water regimes rainfed (drought stress, DS) and well-irrigation (WI) in 2005-2007. Under DS, the leaf length and width of DH lines and their parents were significantly lower than those under WI, whereas the leaf angle had a miscellaneous variation. Under the two water regimes, all the test traits of DH lines had a transgressive segregation, with the variation coefficients ranged from 5.

Calreticulin: conserved protein and diverse functions in plants.

Calreticulin (CRT) is a key Ca2+-binding protein mainly resident in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which is highly conserved and extensively expressed in all eukaryotic organisms investigated. The protein plays important roles in a variety of cellular processes including Ca2+ signaling and protein folding. Although calreticulin has been well characterized in mammalian systems, increased investigations have demonstrated that plant CRTs have a number of specific properties different from their animal counterparts.

Cloning the PvP5CS gene from common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) and its expression patterns under abiotic stresses.

A full-length cDNA denominated PvP5CS for Delta(1)-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS), an enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of proline, was cloned from common bean using a candidate gene approach. PvP5CS contains an open reading frame encoding a 716 amino acid polypeptide. Sequence analysis showed that PvP5CS shares 95.

Molecular cloning and characterization of wheat calreticulin (CRT) gene involved in drought-stressed responses.

Calreticulin (CRT) is a highly conserved and ubiquitously expressed Ca(2+)-binding protein in multicellular eukaryotes. CRT plays a crucial role in many cellular processes including Ca(2+) storage and release, protein synthesis, and molecular chaperone activity. To elucidate the function of CRTs in plant responses against drought, a main abiotic stress limiting cereal crop production worldwide, a full-length cDNA encoding calreticulin protein namely TaCRT was isolated from wheat (Triticum aestivum L.

Identification of quantitative trait loci and environmental interactions for accumulation and remobilization of water-soluble carbohydrates in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) stems.

Genetic analyses of nine traits associated with stem water-soluble carbohydrate (SWSC) accumulation and remobilization at grain-filling period under drought stress (DS) and well-watered (WW) conditions were undertaken using doubled haploid lines (DHLs) derived from two Chinese common wheat cultivars. Some significantly and very significantly positive correlation was observed among nine traits associated with SWSC. Higher phenotypic values for most traits were detected under DS.

[Comparison of methods to construct a full-length cDNA library].

The use of full-length cDNA libraries is an effective tool to obtain complete gene information in a high-efficiency, high-throughput manner, especially in organisms with huge genomes that are not amenable to whole genome sequencing. In this review, we outlined several methods of full-length cDNA library construction and compared their advantages and disadvantages based on their respective principles. Drawing on our own experience, we described the Cap-trapper method in detail, with an emphasis on its application in wheat full-length cDNA library construction as well as the determination of the ratio of full-length cDNA in a library.

[A preliminary study on gene expression profile induced by water stress in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedling].

In the present research, suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) and high density membrane techniques were employed to analysis genes induced by water stress in wheat seedling at 2-leaf stage. The purpose was to comprehensively understand the genetic bases of drought resistance and to find the key genes related to drought resistance in wheat. A total of 181 positive clones were obtained by screening the SSH library including 1 530 individual recombinant clones.