Effect of supplementary private health insurance on out-of-pocket inpatient medical expenditure: evidence from Malaysia.

The vital role of healthcare financing in achieving universal health coverage is indisputable. However, most countries, including Malaysia, face challenges in establishing an equitable and sustainable healthcare financing system due to escalating healthcare costs, an ageing population and a growing disease burden. With desirable pre-payment and risk pooling features, private health insurance (PHI) is considered an alternative financing option to reduce out-of-pocket (OOP) medical expenditure.

Dengue Seroprevalence and Factors Associated with Dengue Seropositivity in Petaling District, Malaysia.

Dengue virus (DENV) infection is a major public health concern, posing huge economic and disease burdens globally. In Malaysia, the incidence of DENV infections has increased significantly over the years. Nevertheless, the passive surveillance mechanism applied may not capture the actual magnitude of DENV infection.

Addressing Gaps for Health Systems Strengthening: A Public Perspective on Health Systems' Response towards COVID-19.

Strengthening the health systems through gaps identification is necessary to ensure sustainable improvements especially in facing a debilitating outbreak such as COVID-19. This study aims to explore public perspective on health systems' response towards COVID-19, and to identify gaps for health systems strengthening by leveraging on WHO health systems' building blocks. A qualitative study was conducted using open-ended questions survey among public followed by in-depth interviews with key informants.

A Black Phosphorus Carbide Infrared Phototransistor.

Photodetectors with broadband detection capability are desirable for sensing applications in the coming age of the internet-of-things. Although 2D layered materials (2DMs) have been actively pursued due to their unique optical properties, by far only graphene and black arsenic phosphorus have the wide absorption spectrum that covers most molecular vibrational fingerprints. However, their reported responsivity and response time are falling short of the requirements needed for enabling simultaneous weak-signal and high-speed detections.

Few-Layer Black Phosphorus Carbide Field-Effect Transistor via Carbon Doping.

Black phosphorus carbide (b-PC) is a new family of layered semiconducting material that has recently been predicted to have the lightest electrons and holes among all known 2D semiconductors, yielding a p-type mobility (≈10 cm V s ) at room temperature that is approximately five times larger than the maximum value in black phosphorus. Here, a high-performance composite few-layer b-PC field-effect transistor fabricated via a novel carbon doping technique which achieved a high hole mobility of 1995 cm V s at room temperature is reported. The absorption spectrum of this material covers an electromagnetic spectrum in the infrared regime not served by black phosphorus and is useful for range finding applications as the earth atmosphere has good transparency in this spectral range.

Impact and Origin of Interface States in MOS Capacitor with Monolayer MoS and HfO High-k Dielectric.

Two-dimensional layered semiconductors such as molybdenum disulfide (MoS) at the quantum limit are promising material for nanoelectronics and optoelectronics applications. Understanding the interface properties between the atomically thin MoS channel and gate dielectric is fundamentally important for enhancing the carrier transport properties. Here, we investigate the frequency dispersion mechanism in a metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitor (MOSCAP) with a monolayer MoS and an ultra-thin HfO high-k gate dielectric.