Association between weight-adjusted-waist index and the prevalence of low back pain: A cross-sectional observational study from NHANES.

Introduction: The weight-adjusted-waist index (WWI) is a novel obesity index that is calculated as the waist circumference (WC) divided by the square root of body weight (kg). Previous studies have revealed that higher body mass index (BMI) and WC increase the risk of low back pain (LBP). However, no research explores the relationship between WWI and LBP.

Optical skipping rope induced transverse OAM for particle orbital motion parallel to the optical axis.

In structured light tweezers, it is a challenging technical issue to realize the complete circular motion of the trapped particles parallel to the optical axis. Herein, we propose and generate a novel optical skipping rope via combining beam shaping technology, Fourier shift theorem, and beam grafting technology. This optical skipping rope can induce the transverse orbital angular momentum (OAM) (i.

Causal association between plasma metabolites and diverse autoimmune diseases: a two-sample bidirectional mendelian randomization study.

Background: Autoimmune diseases (ADs) are a category of conditions characterized by misrecognition of autologous tissues and organs by the immune system, leading to severe impairment of patients' health and quality of life. Increasing evidence suggests a connection between fluctuations in plasma metabolites and ADs. However, the existence of a causal relationship behind these associations remains uncertain.

Fractional-order hybridly polarized vector beams: generation, focusing, propagation, and spatial self-phase modulation.

As a class of integer-order vector beams, hybridly polarized vector beams (HPVBs) are widely used in focus shaping, femtosecond laser filamentation, linear and nonlinear polarization evolution, etc. Recently, fractional-order vector beams have gained widespread interest due to their more control parameters, rich photophysical properties, and novel nonlinear optical phenomena. In this work, we report the experimental generation, focusing and propagation characteristics, and spatial self-phase modulation (SSPM) phenomenon of fractional-order HPVBs.

Dilute nanocomposites for capacitive energy storage: progress, challenges and prospects.

Electrostatic capacitors (ECs) are critical components in advanced electronics and electric power systems due to their rapid charge-discharge rate and high power density. While polymers are ideal for ECs due to their high voltage tolerance and mechanical flexibility, their low dielectric constants () and limited energy density remain significant limitations. Traditional polymer nanocomposites, which incorporate high- ceramic fillers, have shown promise in enhancing dielectric properties but often at the cost of electric breakdown strength and scalability.

Association between different insulin resistance surrogates and osteoarthritis: a cross-sectional study from NHANES 1999-2018.

Background: Previous studies have demonstrated a relationship between prevalence of Osteoarthritis (OA) and insulin resistance (IR). The correlation between IR surrogates indices and gold standard tool for IR evaluation (Hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp (HIEC)) have been well demonstrated. However, few studies evaluated the relationship between IR surrogates and OA.

Nucleotide polymorphism-based study utilizes human plasma liposomes to discover potential therapeutic targets for intervertebral disc disease.

Background: While intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is crucial in numerous spinally related illnesses and is common among the elderly, the complete understanding of its pathogenic mechanisms is still an area of ongoing study. In recent years, it has revealed that liposomes are crucial in the initiation and progression of IVDD. However, their intrinsic mediators and related mechanisms remain unclear.

PCSK9 inhibitors and osteoporosis: mendelian randomization and meta-analysis.

Background: Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors represent an effective strategy for reducing cardiovascular disease risk. Yet, PCSK9's impact on osteoporosis remains unclear. Hence, we employed Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis for examining PCSK9 inhibitor effects on osteoporosis.

Penfluridol regulates p62 / Keap1 / Nrf2 signaling pathway to induce ferroptosis in osteosarcoma cells.

The cure rate for patients with osteosarcoma (OS) has stagnated over the past few decades. Penfluridol, a first-generation antipsychotic, has demonstrated to prevent lung and esophageal malignancies from proliferation and metastasis. However, the effect of penfluridol on OS and its underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear.

Discovering Potential Mechanisms of Intervertebral Disc Disease Using Systematic Mendelian Randomization of Human Circulating Immunocytomics.

Background: Although intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a critical factor in many spine-related diseases and has an extremely high prevalence in the aging population, the potential pathogenesis remains to be clarified entirely. Immune cells have been found to perform an essential function during the onset and progression of IVDD in recent years. Therefore, we explored the association between immune cell characteristics and IVDD through Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis and further delved into the mediating role of potential metabolites.

Single Layer Silk and Cotton Woven Fabrics for Acoustic Emission and Active Sound Suppression.

Whether intentionally generating acoustic waves or attempting to mitigate unwanted noise, sound control is an area of challenge and opportunity. This study investigates traditional fabrics as emitters and suppressors of sound. When attached to a single strand of a piezoelectric fiber actuator, a silk fabric emits up to 70 dB of sound.

Morusin inhibits breast cancer-induced osteolysis by decreasing phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-mTOR signalling.

Bone metastases caused by breast cancer pose a major challenge to the successful treatment of breast cancer patients. Many researchers have suggested that herbal medicines are extremely effective at preventing and treating cancer-associated osteolysis. Previous studies have revealed that Morusin (MOR) is cytotoxic to many cancer cells ex vivo.

PI3Kα inhibitor GNE-493 triggers antitumor immunity in murine lung cancer by inducing immunogenic cell death and activating T cells.

Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) is frequently hyperactivated in cancer, playing pivotal roles in the pathophysiology of both malignant and immune cells. The impact of PI3K inhibitors on the tumor microenvironment (TME) within lung cancer remains largely unknown. In this study, we explored the regulatory effects of GNE-493, an innovative dual inhibitor of PI3K and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), on the TME of lung cancer.

Trifluoperazine activates AMPK / mTOR / ULK1 signaling pathway to induce mitophagy in osteosarcoma cells.

Osteosarcoma is a prevalent kind of primary bone malignancy. Trifluoperazine, as an antipsychotic drug, has anti-tumor activity against a variety of cancers. Nevertheless, the impact of trifluoperazine on osteosarcoma is unclear.

Dilute Nanocomposites: Tuning Polymer Chain Local Nanostructures to Enhance Dielectric Responses.

Dielectric polymers possessing high energy and low losses are of great interest for electronic and electric devices and systems. Nanocomposites in which high dielectric constant (high-K) nanofillers at high loading (>10 vol%) are admixed with polymer matrix have been investigated for decades, aiming at enhancing the dielectric performance, but with limited success. In 2017, it is discovered that reducing nanofiller loading to less than 0.

Comparing Outcomes of Banana-Shaped and Straight Cages in Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion for Lumbar Degenerative Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: This meta-analysis aims to refine the understanding of the optimal choice between different cage shapes in transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) by systematically comparing perioperative data, radiological outcomes, clinical results, and complications associated with banana-shaped and straight bullet cages.

Methods: A meticulous literature search encompassing PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, China Knowledge Network, and Wanfang Data was executed up to October 5, 2023. Inclusion criteria focused on studies comparing banana-shaped and straight bullet cages in TLIF.

Development and validation of a deep-learning model for the detection of non-displaced femoral neck fractures with anteroposterior and lateral hip radiographs.

Background: Hip fractures, including femoral neck fractures, are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in the elderly population and are typically diagnosed using plain radiography. However, diagnosing non-displaced femoral neck fractures can be challenging due to their subtle appearance on hip radiographs. Previous deep-learning models have shown low accuracy in identifying these fractures on anteroposterior (AP) radiographs; however, no studies have used lateral radiographs.

Spatiotemporal coupling induced controllable orientation of photonic orbital angular momentum at subwavelength scale.

Recently, the emergence of transverse orbital angular momentum (OAM) as a novel characteristic of light has captured substantial attention, and the significance of adjustable OAM orientation has been underscored due to its pivotal role in the interaction between light and matter. In this work, we introduce a novel approach to manipulate the orientation of photonic OAM at subwavelength scales, leveraging spatiotemporal coupling. By tightly focusing a wavepacket containing dual spatiotemporal vortices and a spatial vortex through a high numerical aperture lens, the emergence of intricate coupling phenomena leads to entangled and intricately twisted vortex tunnels.

Development, Validation and Characterization of a Novel Portable Closed Fracture Device.

Background/aim: As one of the common clinical diseases, fractures have many causes, mechanisms, healing and influencing factors; especially fracture healing is a long-term and complex process. Animal fracture models can simulate the various states of human fractures, and on this basis, the prevention, mechanism, and treatment of fractures can be studied to further guide clinical practice.

Materials And Methods: Here, we developed a novel and portable device to create a closed fracture model in mice.

Chemical Comparison and Identification of Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitors of Dioscoreae Hypoglaucae Rhizoma and Dioscoreae Spongiosae Rhizoma by Chemometric Analysis and Spectrum-Effect Relationship.

Dioscoreae hypoglaucae Rhizoma (DH) and Dioscoreae spongiosae Rhizoma (DS) are two similar Chinese herbal medicines derived from the Dioscorea family. DH and DS have been used as medicines in China and other Asian countries for a long time, but study on their phytochemicals and bioactive composition is limited. This present study aimed to compare the chemical compositions of DH and DS, and explore the anti-xanthine oxidase components based on chemometric analysis and spectrum-effect relationship.

Degeneration of topological corner, hinge, and surface states in three-dimensional photonic crystals.

The third-order topological insulators based on three-dimensional (3D) photonic crystals (PCs) have hardly been achieved because the nontrivial bandgap in 3D PCs is difficult to form. In this Letter, we elaborately construct 3D Su-Schrieffer-Heeger lattice in which the periodic modulation of refractive index is uniform in three axis directions. The high-order topological PCs are characterized by the nontrivial bulk polarizations and the mirror eigenvalues.