Publications by authors named "Rui Fan"

Article Synopsis
  • The Malvaceae family, the largest in the order Malvales, has nine subfamilies, with many species in the Firmiana genus being globally vulnerable and lacking genomic research.
  • A chromosome-level genome assembly for Firmiana hainanensis reveals it has 40 chromosomes and is closely related to Durio zibethinus, diverging around 21 million years ago, with significant events in their evolutionary histories.
  • The study highlights how changes in chromosome numbers and genome sizes, particularly influenced by repetitive elements and specific gene contractions, can impact traits like wood density in Malvaceae species.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Human essential proteins (HEPs) are indispensable for individual viability and development. However, experimental methods to identify HEPs are often costly, time consuming and labor intensive. In addition, existing computational methods predict HEPs only at the cell line level, but HEPs vary across living human, cell line and animal models.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Palmoplantar pustulosis (PPP) is a chronic relapsing inflammatory disease of unknown aetiology characterized by erythema, scaling, and aseptic pustules, which pose a significant clinical, psychological, and economic burden to patients. Studies have shown that the tonsils play a key role in the exacerbation and pathogenesis of certain diseases. This paper systematically summarizes the evidence supporting the close association between tonsils and PPP, and proposes mechanisms by which tonsils may contribute to the pathogenesis of PPP.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

N-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most prevalent chemical modification in eukaryotic mRNAs and plays key roles in diverse cellular processes. Precise localization of m6A sites is thus critical for characterizing the functional roles of m6A in various conditions and dissecting the mechanisms governing its deposition. Here, we design a combined framework of Transformer architecture and recurrent neural network, deepSRAMP, to identify m6A sites using sequence-based and genome-derived features.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • This study investigates the causal relationship between asthma and bronchiectasis, noting that while they are correlated, the exact connection hasn't been thoroughly examined before.
  • Using a two-sample Mendelian randomization approach with genome-wide data, the researchers found that asthma likely increases the risk of developing bronchiectasis.
  • They identified specific mediators such as nasal polyps and sinusitis that contribute to this relationship, and reinforced their findings with a retrospective study showing higher sinusitis and nasal polyp rates in asthma patients who also had bronchiectasis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Black pepper is a crucial tropical crop facing decline in productivity due to black pepper blight caused by the pathogen Phytophthora capsici, highlighting the need for research into genetic resistance.
  • The study utilizes the resistant wild species Piper flaviflorum and the susceptible cultivated species P. nigrum to explore gene variations and genomic features via advanced sequencing technologies.
  • Findings reveal significant genetic differences between the two species, with P. flaviflorum showing stronger disease resistance linked to specific histone modifications and a unique jasmonic acid-responsive pathway, paving the way for better genetics-based resistance strategies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • The study aimed to investigate how certain blood count-derived immune markers relate to the risk of developing epilepsy over time, using data from a large UK population cohort.
  • Researchers analyzed blood cell ratios and counts in nearly 500,000 participants over a median follow-up of about 12 years, noting that a significant number developed epilepsy during this period.
  • Key findings indicated that higher levels of specific markers like monocytes and certain ratios (NLR, PLR, SII) were linked to an increased risk of epilepsy, while higher lymphocyte counts and the lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) were associated with a decreased risk.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Researchers have explored a novel enzyme, LrN1 GtfB, from the GtfB subfamily that modifies pea starch by creating new types of linkages.
  • The enzyme increases the amount of specific (α1 → 6) linkages and reduces the molecular weight of the starch, resulting in shorter, low-molecular-weight molecules.
  • The modified pea starch exhibits weaker structural properties and lower retrogradation, suggesting valuable applications in creating starch-based products with unique characteristics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • - Black pepper, known as the "king of spices," originated in India and has its growth influenced by environmental conditions, particularly through the role of MYB transcription factors in plant development and stress management.
  • - In this study, researchers identified 160 transcription factors in the black pepper genome and conducted phylogenetic analysis on 125 R2R3-MYB proteins, finding 20 distinct groups and noting that most members typically have two introns.
  • - Analysis revealed varying gene expression levels during infection periods, demonstrating the importance of these findings for understanding the biological and molecular mechanisms of the black pepper gene.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major health concern globally, and this study introduces a novel Aging-related gene-based risk scoring system to help predict CRC prognosis.
  • By analyzing specific aging-related genes linked to CRC progression, researchers developed a reliable model that includes important genes like CAV1 and FOXM1.
  • The Aging score effectively differentiates patient risk levels, with higher scores associated with shorter survival and possible treatment resistance, showing promise for improving personalized treatment strategies for CRC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Organic fluorine compounds, which are harmful to humans, can potentially be removed using an innovative technology called photoelectrocatalysis (PEC), focusing on enhancing the photocathode's stability and catalytic performance.
  • The study developed a rGO/BiOI photocathode that achieved remarkable degradation rates of 4-Fluoroaniline, with over 99% degradation and about 72% defluorination within one hour of treatment.
  • The rGO/BiOI photocathode also demonstrated high stability over multiple cycles, retaining nearly 97% degradation efficiency, while the PEC mechanism involves electrochemical and photo-induced processes, making it a promising green method for removing fluorinated pollutants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • High-quality C. DC is crucial for developing foods, medicines, and cosmetics, with various nutritional and aromatic compounds identified in this study.
  • The research used PCA and HCA to analyze aroma compounds at different developmental stages, finding sabinene and linalool to be the most significant among them.
  • Results indicated that younger fruits contained more nutrient compounds and diverse aromatic metabolites compared to later developmental stages, highlighting their potential for quality production.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Gastrointestinal digestibility behavior, structural and functional characteristics of bovine β-casein (β-CN) were studied in vitro under infant and adult conditions. This direct comparison helps reveal the effects of different physiological stages on the digestive behavior of β-CN. Not only was the degree of hydrolysis (DH) of β-CN analyzed, but also the changes in its digestive morphology, microstructure, and secondary structure during digestion were explored in depth.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • * The researchers developed a new method called localized Cas12a-based cascade amplification (LCas12a-CA), which uses gold nanoparticles to enhance the stability and speed of the detection process.
  • * This method allows for extremely sensitive detection of APE1, with a detection limit over 60 times lower than previous methods, making it a promising tool for cancer diagnosis and prognosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Research on , a nonhalophyte that thrives in saline-alkaline soil and a traditional Chinese medicinal component, is focused on improving its ability to tolerate salt stress to increase its productivity and preserve its "Dao-di" characteristics. Furthermore, the inoculation of bioagents such as to increase plant responses to abiotic stressors is currently a mainstream strategy. Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), a highly conserved protein kinase, plays a significant role in plant responses to various abiotic stress pathways.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Fibroblasts play an important role in the development of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).

Methods: We employed single-cell RNA-sequencing data obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database to perform cell clustering and annotation analyses. We then performed secondary clustering of fibroblasts and conducted functional enrichment and cell trajectory analyses of the two newly defined fibroblast subtypes.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Adverse events (AEs) are a significant concern for healthcare systems. However, it is difficult to evaluate their influence because of the complexity of various medical services. This study aimed to assess the influence of AEs on the outcomes of hospitalized patients using a diagnosis-related group (DRG) database.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Embryonic diapause is a reproductive adaptation that enables some mammalian species to halt the otherwise continuous pace of embryonic development. In this dormant state, the embryo exploits poorly understood regulatory mechanisms to preserve its developmental potential for prolonged periods of time. Here, using mouse embryos and single-cell RNA sequencing, we molecularly defined embryonic diapause at single-cell resolution, revealing transcriptional dynamics while the embryo seemingly resides in a state of suspended animation.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

With the rapid pace of industrialization and the increasing intensity of human activities, the global climate change and energy crisis have reached a heightened level of severity. Consequently, achieving an early peak in carbon emissions has become an imperative in addressing this pressing issue. Particularly, coastal provinces, known for their developed economies, high population density, and substantial building energy consumption, have emerged as significant contributors to carbon emissions.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

To investigate the effects of different ratios of organic and chemical fertilizers on the yield and quality of Epimedium pubescens,so as to provide a scientific basis for the fertilization of high-yield and high-quality E. pubescens cultivation. In this experiment,a field plot test was conducted,and CK(without fertilizer) was set as the control group,with five treatment groups with different ratios of organic fertilizers and chemical fertilizers set up,namely OF0(100% chemical fertilizers),OF25(25% organic fertilizers),OF50(50% organic fertilizers),OF75(75% organic fertilizers),and OF100(100% organic fertilizers).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • - Globally, cognitive impairment (CI) is a major issue for the elderly, with a lack of effective drug treatments, leading researchers to explore methyl donor nutrients (MDNs) like folic acid and vitamin B12 as possible cognitive enhancers.
  • - The study found a significant difference in the nutritional quality index of MDNs between older adults with dementia and those without, suggesting that higher intake of these nutrients correlates with better cognitive health.
  • - Analysis revealed that MDNs may improve cognitive function by influencing gut microbiota and pathways related to one-carbon metabolism and inflammation, highlighting the importance of diet in managing cognitive impairment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • This study explored the potential link between radiotherapy (RT) given for esophageal cancer (EC) and the risk of developing secondary head and neck cancer (SHNC).
  • Using data from the SEER database, researchers found that EC patients who received RT had a higher incidence of SHNC compared to those who did not receive radiation, with significantly lower overall survival rates for RT patients who developed SHNC.
  • The findings suggest that radiation oncologists should consider strategies to reduce the long-term risk of SHNC in EC patients treated with RT.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Acute liver failure can happen when someone takes too much acetaminophen (APAP), and researchers are studying a herb called Taraxacum that may help protect the liver.
  • Taraxacum contains a substance called Taraxasterol (TAX) that showed promise in reducing liver damage from APAP in mice by lowering inflammation and oxidative stress.
  • The study found that TAX helps activate a protective system in the liver cells called Nrf2, which helps fight off the damage caused by APAP.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The skin, serving as the body's primary defense against external elements, plays a crucial role in protecting the body from infections and injuries, as well as maintaining overall homeostasis. Skin aging, a common manifestation of the aging process, involves the gradual deterioration of its normal structure and repair mechanisms. Addressing the issue of skin aging is increasingly imperative.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF