Updated perspectives on the contribution of the microbiome to the pathogenesis of mucositis using the MASCC/ISOO framework.

Advances in the treatment of cancer have significantly improved mortality rates; however, this has come at a cost, with many treatments still limited by their toxic side effects. Mucositis in both the mouth and gastrointestinal tract is common following many anti-cancer agents, manifesting as ulcerative lesions and associated symptoms throughout the alimentary tract. The pathogenesis of mucositis was first defined in 2004 by Sonis, and almost 20 years on, the model continues to be updated reflecting ongoing research initiatives and more sophisticated analytical techniques.

Guidance on mucositis assessment from the MASCC Mucositis Study Group and ISOO: an international Delphi study.

Background: Mucositis is a common and highly impactful side effect of conventional and emerging cancer therapy and thus the subject of intense investigation. Although common practice, mucositis assessment is heterogeneously adopted and poorly guided, impacting evidence synthesis and translation. The Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer (MASCC) Mucositis Study Group (MSG) therefore aimed to establish expert recommendations for how existing mucositis assessment tools should be used, in clinical care and trials contexts, to improve the consistency of mucositis assessment.

Systemic Inflammatory Disorders, Immunosuppressive Treatment and Increase Risk of Head and Neck Cancers-A Narrative Review of Potential Physiopathological and Biological Mechanisms.

Head and neck cancers (HNCs) are known to present multiple factors likely to influence their development. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current scientific literature on the interplay between systemic inflammatory disorders, immunosuppressive treatments and their synergistic effect on HNC risk. Both cell-mediated and humoral-mediated systemic inflammatory disorders involve dysregulated immune responses and chronic inflammation and these inflammatory conditions have been associated with an increased risk of HNC development, primarily in the head and neck region.

The Effects of Chitosan on the Healing Process of Oral Mucosa: An Observational Cohort Feasibility Split-Mouth Study.

The healing process is a dynamic process accompanied by some classical symptoms of inflammation such as redness, swelling, pain, and loss of function. Chitosan is a natural polymer with properties that contribute to tissue healing, with properties that could be applied in periodontal therapy, such as the wound healing of oral mucosa. This experimental split-mouth study aims to assess the possibilities of chitosan influencing the healing process of oral mucosa in eight patients, where the studied group was subjected to two oral surgeries: one with chitosan hydrogel into the socket and other without the biomaterial.

Mönckeberg's medial arteriosclerosis in the oral and maxillofacial region: A pilot study.

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of medial vascular calcifications in the oral and maxillofacial region and their association with systemic diseases.

Materials And Methods: The study included 211 consecutive patients with systemic diseases (January 2015-May 2016). Medical history and radiographic images were evaluated.

Different scoring methods of the VARK questionnaire to evaluate dentistry Students' learning styles.

Introduction: The way students process and organise information to facilitate learning is known as learning style. Knowing one's learning style can improve learning and help teachers choose their teaching methods more effectively. This study was conducted to investigate different scoring methods of the VARK questionnaire and compare different learning styles in different stages of dental school.

The Effect of Laser Bio-modulation on Dysplastic Lesions, an Animal Study.

Potentially malignant disorders are one of the clinical challenges. Dysplasia in these lesions can be a predictor of more potential for malignant changes. Photo-bio-modulation in benign lesions has advantages, but there is doubt on its safety in potentially malignant lesions.

How does bimaxillary orthognathic surgery change dimensions of maxillary sinuses and pharyngeal airway space?

Objectives: To assess changes in the maxillary sinus (MS) and pharyngeal airway space (PAS) after bimaxillary orthognathic surgery using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Materials And Methods: The CBCT scans of 48 patients were divided into two groups: group 1: maxillary advancement and mandibular setback (n = 24); group 2: maxillomandibular advancement (n = 24). The CBCTs were acquired 1 to 2 months preoperatively and 6 to 8 months postoperatively.

COVID-19: The immediate response of european academic dental institutions and future implications for dental education.

The COVID-19 pandemic has had an immediate and dramatic impact on dental education. The Association of Dental Education in Europe decided to carry out an investigation to assess the immediate response of European Academic Dental Institutions. An online survey was sent to both member and non-member dental schools to investigate the impact on non-clinical and clinical education, assessment and the well-being/pastoral care measures implemented.

Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw: MASCC/ISOO/ASCO Clinical Practice Guideline.

Purpose: To provide guidance regarding best practices in the prevention and management of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) in patients with cancer.

Methods: Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer/International Society of Oral Oncology (MASCC/ISOO) and ASCO convened a multidisciplinary Expert Panel to evaluate the evidence and formulate recommendations. Guideline development involved a systematic review of the literature and a formal consensus process.

Characterization of oral health in a Portuguese population with mild intellectual disability.

Aims: This study aims to characterize the hygiene habits, the self-perception of the need for treatment and the oral condition of a population with a disability.

Methods And Results: This research is part of an observational, cross-sectional epidemiological study on oral health and quality of life of people with mild intellectual disabilities living in (or attending) institutions of the Central Region of Portugal that were affiliated with HUMANITAS (Portuguese Federation for Mental Disability) in 2016. A sociodemographic and oral health questionnaire, applied on the form of an interview to 240 individuals aged between 18 and 64 years, was used.

Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw: definition and best practice for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.

Skeletal complications caused by osteoporosis or bone metastases are associated with considerable pain, increased mortality, and reduced quality of life. Furthermore, such events place a burden on health care resources. Agents that prevent bone resorption, such as bisphosphonates or denosumab, can reduce the risk of skeletal-related events and are widely used in patients with osteoporosis or bone metastases of cancer.

Validation of a Portuguese version of the Oral Health Impact Profile adapted to people with mild intellectual disabilities (OHIP-14-MID-PT).

Background: The purpose of this study is to develop a Portuguese version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) and validate it for people with mild intellectual disability (OHIP-14-MID-PT).

Methods: The Portuguese version of the questionnaire was drawn up from the original English version, following internationally defined guidelines. Interviews were conducted with 240 individuals living in (or attending) institutions of the central region of Portugal that are affiliated with Humanitas (Portuguese Federation for Intellectual Disability) to measure oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL).

Oral health-related quality of life of Portuguese adults with mild intellectual disabilities.

Individuals with disabilities are regarded as a highly vulnerable population group, particularly as far as oral health is concern. However, few studies have assessed the impact of the oral condition on the quality of life of these individuals. Therefore, the aim of this study is to expand knowledge on the oral health status of the Portuguese adults with mild intellectual disability, and to assess how the patient's oral health is related to their quality of life.

Global health challenges in treating an elderly institutionalised patient: an oral medicine perspective.

A 64-year-old institutionalised woman presented to our clinic for the management of black hairy tongue. Despite the predictable outcome in treating this disease, this case presents multiple challenges such as the patients' cognitive impairment, her family dynamics, social factors and the health system as a whole, that makes it difficult to treat.

The therapeutic effects of apigenin and dexamethasone on 5-fluorouracil-induced oral mucositis - a pilot study using a Syrian hamster model.

Objective: Oral mucositis (OM) is a common complication of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of treating 5-fluorouracil-induced OM with apigenin and dexamethasone.

Methods: Thirty-six male Syrian hamsters were randomly assigned to one of three groups: control (50% acetic acid + 5-FU), 50% acetic acid + 5-FU + potassium Apigenin (KA), and 50% acetic acid + 5-FU + dexamethasone.

Maxillofacial fibrous dysplasia: a diagnostic challenge.

A 30-year-old woman presented for orthodontic treatment, with a chief symptom of a 'shifting bite' and concurrent facial asymmetry with aesthetic concerns. The patient had previously received treatment from several general dentists and several specialists, without accurate diagnosis. Radiological investigation coupled with biopsy confirmed a diagnosis of fibrous dysplasia.

Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw: Is autologous platelet concentrate application effective for prevention and treatment? A systematic review.

Purpose: To date, no ideal strategy has been established for treating or preventing medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). The aim of the present work was to perform a systematic literature review to determine the efficacy of autologous platelet concentrate (APC) application, for prevention or treatment of MRONJ, together with surgical debridement.

Material And Methods: An electronic search was performed using MEDLINE (PubMed), EMBASE, and Cochrane databases until January 2015 using the following search terms: osteonecrosis, bisphosphonates, antiresorptive, antiangiogenic therapy, BRONJ, platelet concentrate, PRP, PRF, and PRGF.

Novel anticoagulants - an update on the latest developments and management for clinicians treating patients on these drugs.

There are several novel anticoagulant agents that are being increasingly used as an alternative to warfarin, with these drugs being reported to be at least as effective if not better. Their increased use means that oral care clinicians should have a sound understanding of the mechanism of action, pharmacology, reversal strategies and management of bleeding in patients taking these drugs. Surprisingly, there is little published in the current literature specific to professionals involved in oral health care.