Pericentromeric Non-Coding DNA Transcription Is Associated with Niche Impairment in Patients with Ineffective or Partially Effective Multiple Myeloma Treatment.

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) 'educated' by tumor cells are an essential component of the multiple myeloma (MM) tumor microenvironment (TME) involved in tumor progression. Transcription of tandemly repeated (TR) non-coding DNA is often activated in many tumors and is required for tumor progression and cancer cells genome reorganization. The aim of the work was to study functional properties including the TR DNA transcription profile of MSC from the hematopoietic niche of treated MM patients.

[The combination of chronic myeloid leukemia and multiple myeloma in one patient].

The article describes the clinical observation of a patient with simultaneous course of lymphoid and myeloid neoplasms. The patient developed two diseases--chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and multiple myeloma (MM), which were confirmed by corroborated hemogram, myelogram, immunophenotyping of bone marrow cells, biopsy, immunohistochemical, cytogenetic, biochemical and radiological studies. Target therapy of CML with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (imatinib at the standard dose of 400 mg per day) has provided a complete cytogenetic remission at 6 months and major molecular response at 18 months of treatment.

[Clinical biological features of mixed myeloid diseases].

Aim: To characterize patients with mixed myeloid neoplasias with proliferation of neutrophils, platelets and eosinophils.

Material And Methods: Examination and treatment results were analysed for patients with atypical myeloid leukemia (n = 4), myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS, n = 1) and thrombocytosis, MDS and eosinophilia (n = 1). The examination included morphological, histological, cytogenetic and molecular tests.

[Structural and functional changes of bone marrow stroma in chronic lymphocytic leukemia].

Marrow stroma was investigated in 20 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Such morphological and functional features as adipose tissue reduction, sinusoid pattern obliteration and increased number of reticular cells were identified as typical of marrow stroma in such patients. Foci of fibrosis, nuclear bodies in stromal cell nuclei and heightened proliferation of stromal precursors in organ cultures were recorded in the subendostal and perivascular areas in 60% of patients with diffuse lesions of bone marrow.

[Morphologic and functional features of hemopoietic microenvironment in acute lymphoblastic leukemia].

Data of the histological, ultrastructural and culture cell investigations of bone marrow microenvironment in 20 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) are presented. Morphological and functional peculiarities of the patients' bone marrow stroma different from that in healthy subjects were identified. They included distorted histotopographic patterns of stroma-hemopoietic cell-to-cell interaction, obliteration of sinusoid counts, resorption on the sites of internal bone support structures, a changed stromal cells ratio, formation of reticular cell clusters in the subendosteal and perivascular bone marrow areas, fibroid centers, the presence of nuclear bodies in stromal cell nuclei and an intensified proliferation of stromal cell precursors in organ tissue cultures.

[Bone marrow structure and HIV infection].

Bone marrow hematopoietic tissue and stromal elements were characterized histologically on iliac bone trepanobioptats from 8 HIV infected patients. Signs of dyserythropoiesis, dysgranulocytopoiesis, dysmegakaryocytosis, focal accumulations of plasmocytes lymphoid and histiocytic cells were demonstrated. Changes of hematopoietic tissue were accompanied by reorganization of stromal microenvironment.

[Morphofunctional characteristics of stromal structures of bone marrow in aplastic anemia patients].

Stromal structures of the bone marrow in 22 patients with aplastic anemia (AA) were studied histophotometrically. A significant increase of the fat tissue volume and a decrease of hematopoietic tissue volume were observed. Bone tissue volume was significantly increased in 81.

[Morphologic structural characteristics of the hematopoietic microenvironment in patients with multiple myeloma].

The authors' investigations found plasmocytic infiltration of bone marrow and marked resorption of bone tissue in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). Instead of the expected reduction in bone marrow volume the latter slightly increased. MM patients have significantly higher quantity of endosteal stromal cells, accumulations of osteoblastic cellular elements considered as initial osteogenesis.

[Morphologic features of bone marrow in myelodysplastic states].

The results of histological and ultrastructural studies of bone marrow hemopoietic microenvironment carried out in 27 patients with different myelodisplasias are presented. The following morphological peculiarities of bone marrow stromal tissue have been identified: abnormal localisation of immature hemopoietic cells, reticuline fibrosis, disorganized erythroid islands, and intranuclear virus-like pathologic inclusions in all stromal cells. The structure of nucleoli in endosteal and perivascular cells was changed.

[Erythrocyte preservative based on a solution of modified deionized gelatin with adenine and sodium phosphate].

The paper reports storage properties of a new erythro-preservative made of the solution of modified deionized gelatin with addition of adenine and disodium phosphate. 42-day storage of red cell suspension in the above preservative was assessed in comparison to Modejele preservative according to the following characteristics: free hemoglobin, the count of osmotically unstable red cells, red cell ATP concentration, red cell deformability index, zeta-potential, extracellular potassium and sodium concentrations, amount of microclots, acid-base condition of the suspensions, blood rheology. Control and test parameters showed the greatest difference by ATP concentrations: on storage day 42 ATP in the controls made up 58.

[Sonographic and histomorphologic parallels in various histologic variants of chronic myeloid leukemia].

Histomorphometric findings at the study of marrow puncture specimens were compared to sonographic picture of the liver and spleen in 20 myeloid leukemia chronic. Histomorphometric and sonographic changes observed showed parallel pathological processes in the hemopoietic micro-surroundings and in the liver, spleen. Sonography proved able to considerably broaden diagnostic armory of the physician, to prognosticate leukemia outcomes, thus suggesting a differential approach to the disease treatment.

[Enhanced osteogenesis in severe aplastic anemia].

Histologic specimens of the bone marrow were obtained from healthy subjects and aplastic anemia (AA) ones. Comparison of the histomorphometry was indicative of an increase in spongy bone tissue and in the number of osteoid cells in AA. This indirectly suggested enhanced proliferative activity of osteogenic precursors and osteosynthesis in AA.

[A comparative analysis of the effect of alpha 2-interferon (reaferon) therapy on the morphofunctional state of the bone marrow in patients with chronic myeloleukemia].

Marrow trepan biopsy was performed in 11 patients upon diagnosis of chronic myeloid leukemia and in clinicohematological remission of the disease. The patients were treated with alpha 2-interferon (reaferon) versus conventional myelosan (6 and 5 patients, respectively). The biopsies were studied histomorphometrically.

[New ultrastructural characteristics of the bone marrow stromal cells in patients with aplastic anemia].

Unlike hemopoietic cell, stromal cells of aplastic anemia patients' bone marrow undergo pathological shifts. This has been proved by ultrastructural investigations which showed intranuclear inclusions structurally similar to virus bodies. The latter are divided into three types this allowing follow-up of the inclusions to mature forms seen in the stromal cells cytoplasm.

[Ultrastructural organization of the hematopoietic microenvironment of human bone marrow].

The results have been presented of electron-microscopic and ultracytochemical investigations of sinusoidal vessels, fat, reticular and endosteal cells of the bone marrow from the iliac bone fragments of 30 normal subjects. Close morphological and functional relationships have been established between the structures of the hemopoietic microenvironment and hemopoietic cells, and the role of certain stromal elements in the maintenance of the hemopoietic function has been specified.

[Treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia in relation to clinico- morphological characteristics of the disease].

Marrow histomorphometry was performed in 73 untreated chronic lymphoid leukemia (CLL) sufferers. Follow-up results are available for 36 of them: 25 treated and 11 untreated with chemotherapy. The method of marrow histomorphometry allows recognition of three CLL forms: diffuse, diffuse-focal and focal; helps to determine indications to chemotherapy, assess its efficacy, prognosticate the disease course; is more reliable than clinical and laboratory findings.

[Disorders of the immune status and hematopoiesis in suppurative peritonitis and their correction with the preparation "Antilympholin"].

In patients with purulent peritonitis, the severe immunodepression and suppression of proliferative activity of stem elements of hemopoietic tissue stroma were revealed. The effectiveness of the use as an immunomodulator of the preparation "Antilympholin" which has the marked immunostimulating properties is shown.

[Various morphofunctional characteristics of hematopoietic tissue in preleukemic conditions].

Cultural, ultrastructural, cytochemical and histological investigations of bone marrow tissue were conducted in 26 patients with varying types of preleukemia states. A number of early structural, morphological and functional signs of hemopoietic disorders of different character and manifestation degree have been revealed. Particularly, a relationship has been established between the pathologic changes appearing in the bone marrow stroma and disorders in the morphological and functional state of the hemopoietic cells.

[Changes in the peripheral blood, liver and spleen during the long-term experimental administration of modified hemoglobin].

The study of chronic toxicity of polymerized hemoglobin solutions (PHb) has demonstrated the relationship between the dose of the solution administered and the level of functional and morphological changes induced in various organs of experimental animals. Lower doses (1.8 g/kg) of PHb had no effect on the values of protein and carbohydrate metabolism, while the high doses (10-15 g/kg) of PHb resulted in the impairment of protein synthesis, morphological changes in the spleen and lymphatic nodes.

[Endosteal cells of the bone marrow stroma in human iliac bone].

The data on histological and electron microscopical investigation of the endosteal cells of the human iliac bone are presented. Three types of stromal elements in the endosteum, differing in their ultrastructural organization have been revealed. In the endosteal areas young hemopoietic cells are present, they are closely connected with the stroma.

[Adipocytes and reticular cells of the bone marrow stroma in the human iliac bone].

The results of the histological and electron microscopic investigation of adipose and reticular cells and their interconnections with blood cells are presented in the material of trephine biopsies of the iliac bone. A possibility for development of adipocytes from the adventitial reticular cells is demonstrated. Close contacts are revealed between pre-adipocytes and young hemopoietic cells.

[Sinusoids of the bone marrow stroma in the human iliac bone].

Results of histological and ultramicroscopic investigations of sinusoid vessels are presented. Interrupted structure of the basal membrane and continuous endothelial lining are revealed. Endotheliocytes of two types are described.