Comparison of ChatGPT-4o, Google Gemini 1.5 Pro, Microsoft Copilot Pro, and Ophthalmologists in the management of uveitis and ocular inflammation: A comparative study of large language models.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the latest large language models (LLMs) ChatGPT-4o, Google Gemini 1.5 Pro and Microsoft Copilot Pro developed by three different companies, with each other and with a group of ophthalmologists, to reveal the strengths and weaknesses of LLMs against each other and against ophthalmologists in the field of uveitis and ocular inflammation.

Methods: Using a personal OphthoQuestions (www.

Interventional management of graft hepatic artery dissection in a donor right hepatectomy: a case report.

Graft hepatic artery dissection (GHAD) is a rare but serious complication in liver transplantation, often leading to graft loss and retransplantation. Treatment typically involves re-establishing arterial flow through primary repair and reanastomosis. We present the case of an 11-year-old female with a history of biliary atresia admitted for decompensation.

Impact of Care Bundles Prevention of Hospital-Acquired Pressure Injuries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Aim: To describe and synthesise current literature on care bundles in preventing hospital-acquired pressure injuries and to present a meta-analysis of experimental studies evaluating the effects of care bundles.

Design: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods: Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, Google Scholar and Medline (OVID), and relevant articles were identified from the inception of each database until June 5, 2024.

Tunable Multiresonant Microcavity Exciton-Polaritons in Colloidal Quantum Wells.

Optical microcavities are widely used to confine photons for exciton-polariton formation. However, their compact design often imposes limitations on spatial freedom, particularly in controlling the cavity length with the nanometer precision required for effective coupling with excitons. Existing methods for tuning resonances by integrating cavities with dynamic structures often lack sufficient resolution or a complex operation.

Determination of the Inhibitory Potential of Chalcones on Myeloperoxidase Enzyme Activity: In vitro and Molecular Docking Studies.

Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is a highly abundant hemoprotein in neutrophils and monocytes. It has a crucial function in immunological surveillance and the body's defensive systems. Nevertheless, there is a strong correlation between elevated MPO activity and the development and advancement of inflammatory processes.

Out of Breath, out of Options: Benralizumab as a Last Hope in ICU-Treated Near-Fatal Eosinophilic Asthma: A Case Series.

Asthma exacerbations remain life-threatening events despite advancements in biologic therapies. This case series reports on four patients with near-fatal eosinophilic asthma exacerbations who had been admitted to intensive care and were treated with benralizumab as a last resort after failing maximal standard therapies. All patients exhibited marked blood or airway eosinophilia and required intensive care ventilatory support.

The effects of non-functioning pituitary adenomas on pregnancy.

Objective: Non-functioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs) are a group of hormonally inactive adenomas. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible effects of NFPAs on pregnancy.

Material And Methods: Thirty patients with NFPAs and without hormone deficiency or excess were included.

Threading the Needle: Navigating Novel Immunotherapeutics in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal malignancy with a poor prognosis. Currently, chemotherapy is the only option for most patients with advanced-stage PDAC. Further, conventional immunotherapies and targeted therapies improve survival outcomes only in rare PDAC patient subgroups.

Mapping variants in thyroid hormone transporter MCT8 to disease severity by genomic, phenotypic, functional, structural and deep learning integration.

Predicting and quantifying phenotypic consequences of genetic variants in rare disorders is a major challenge, particularly pertinent for 'actionable' genes such as thyroid hormone transporter MCT8 (encoded by the X-linked SLC16A2 gene), where loss-of-function (LoF) variants cause a rare neurodevelopmental and (treatable) metabolic disorder in males. The combination of deep phenotyping data with functional and computational tests and with outcomes in population cohorts, enabled us to: (i) identify the genetic aetiology of divergent clinical phenotypes of MCT8 deficiency with genotype-phenotype relationships present across survival and 24 out of 32 disease features; (ii) demonstrate a mild phenocopy in ~400,000 individuals with common genetic variants in MCT8; (iii) assess therapeutic effectiveness, which did not differ among LoF-categories; (iv) advance structural insights in normal and mutated MCT8 by delineating seven critical functional domains; (v) create a pathogenicity-severity MCT8 variant classifier that accurately predicted pathogenicity (AUC:0.91) and severity (AUC:0.

Effects of HLA-DRA, HLA-DQA1 and IL-6 Gene Variations to Glatiramer Acetate Resistance in Multiple Sclerosis Patients.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is among the most common autoimmune disorders and is characterized by inflammation and degeneration affecting the central nervous system. Glatiramer acetate (GA) is an immunomodulatory drug utilized for treating relapsing-remitting MS. However, a considerable number of patients do not exhibit an appropriate response to this drug.

Evaluation of the effects of regulatory T cells on survival outcomes in patients with acute leukemia who developed febrile neutropenia.

ObjectivesAcute leukemia often leads to severe complications such as febrile neutropenia. Mortality rates remain high, underscoring the need for novel prognostic markers. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) have not been extensively studied in this context.

Next-Generation Sequencing Infertility Panel in Turkey: First Results.

Background: Male infertility is a complex pathophysiological disorder. At least 2000 genes are implicated in the etiology of male infertility, making it a very complex genetic condition. In cases of male infertility, genetic testing using next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology may be useful for diagnosis.

Cyclophosphamide treatment with a comparison in both pediatric rheumatology and pediatric nephrology practices.

Background: Cyclophosphamide (CYC) is an inactive alkylating agent that transforms the alkyl radicals into other molecules and is used in combination with systemic corticosteroids in the treatment of many childhood rheumatic diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV). In recent years, rituximab (RTX), a B-cell-targeting anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, has emerged as a new alternative treatment modality over CYC for induction therapy of childhood-onset rheumatic diseases. Clinicians adopt different practices for using CYC particularly in relation to indications, posology, pre-treatment laboratory work-up, post-treatment follow-up, and screening pre- and post-treatment vaccination status.

Smartphone addiction among elderly individuals: its relationship with physical activity, activities of daily living, and balance levels.

Background: The growing use of smartphones among elderly individuals, driven by social and informational needs, may lead to smartphone addiction, potentially impacting their daily lives. This study aimed to determine whether there is a difference in physical activity, activities of daily living, and balance levels between elderly individuals with and without smartphone addiction.

Methods: This descriptive and cross-sectional study included 94 elderly individuals.

Micro-3D sculptured metastructures with deep trenches for sub-10 μm resolution.

Three-dimensional (3D) printing allows for the construction of complex structures. However, 3D-printing vertical structures with a high aspect ratio remains a pending challenge, especially when a high lateral resolution is required. Here, to address this challenge, we propose and demonstrate micro-3D sculptured metastructures with deep trenches of 1:4 (width:height) aspect ratio for sub-10 µm resolution.

Anticancer effects of extract on colorectal and gastric cancer cell lines: an study and molecular docking analysis.

Objectives: Colorectal cancer and gastric cancer are one of the most prevalent types of cancer and are leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. The chemotherapy is insufficient due to the poor targeting and affinity of drugs, low therapeutic effectiveness, and significant side effects. Consequently, developing effective therapeutic formulations is crucial for treating colorectal and gastric cancers.

The eradication of Blastocystis spp. subtype 3 improves the course of chronic spontaneous urticaria.

Background: The role of Blastocystis spp. subtypes (STs) in chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) and the impact of the eradication are unclear.

Objective: To investigate the role of Blastocystis spp.

Prevalence and incidence of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder in Türkiye: A nationwide epidemiologic study.

Background: Epidemiological studies of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) show variability due to differences in methodologies, diagnostic criteria, and geographic factors.

Objective: This study aimed to determine NMOSD's epidemiological profile in Türkiye using official health records covering over 95 % of the population.

Methods: Data were collected using ICD-10 codes (G36.

Evaluation of the relationship of the sigmoid sinus with the facial nerve and semicircular canals in terms of mastoid surgery.

Purpose: The location of the sigmoid sinus may change according to the ventilation status of the mastoid bone, in which case the relationship of the sigmoid sinus to the facial nerve and semicircular canals is predicted to change. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the importance of sigmoid sinus distances to the facial nerve and semicircular canals concerning mastoid surgery.

Methods: The relationship of the sigmoid sinus and the facial nerve with the semicircular canals was analyzed from the cone beam computed tomography images of 75 male and 95 female subjects, aged 18-65 years.

Dual Type-II Colloidal Quantum Wells for Efficient Nonlinear Optical Limiting.

Colloidal II-VI nanocrystals have garnered significant research attention in nonlinear optical applications due to their low-cost synthesis, photophysical tunability, and ease of device integration. Herein, we report that dual-type II CdSe/CdTe/CdSe colloidal quantum wells (CQWs) with core/crown/crown structures achieve remarkable nonlinear optical limiting capabilities driven by an exceptionally large nonlinear absorption coefficient. Open aperture -scan reveals that these dual-type II CQWs exhibit a third-order nonlinear absorption coefficient of 33.

PERİDER-TJOD joint review on threatened abortion and guideline for its treatment.

Objective: Although there are several guidelines in the literature on "recurrent abortion", there is no comprehensive guideline on "threatened abortion". The overall purpose of this guideline is to provide healthcare providers with the best available evidence for examination and treatment of pregnant women with threatened abortion.

Materials And Methods: The scope of the guideline and the first version of the questions were prepared by the Perinatology and High Risk Pregnancies Association (PERİDER) guideline development group in January 2024.

Evaluation of prenatal and postnatal outcomes of fetuses with intrauterine cardiac anomalies: Tertiary center experience.

Objective: Fetal cardiac anomalies are among the leading causes of infant mortality due to congenital anomalies. The prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart diseases allows for the acquisition of prognostic information before birth and provides insights into treatment options either before or after delivery. This study aims to observe the correlation between the prenatal and postnatal diagnoses of fetuses with cardiac anomalies detected in our perinatology clinic.

The Impact of Focal Lesions on Overall and Progression-free Survival in Multiple Myeloma.

Purpose: In this study, we aimed to reveal the incidence of ≥3 focal lesions (FLs) and analyze overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) according to the number of FLs, as well as to identify mortality and PFS risk factors, in our newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) patients.

Materials And Methods: A total of 89 NDMM patients who underwent F-FDG positron emission tomography/computerized tomography (PET/CT) imaging were included in the study.

Results: While 57.

Synthesis, Characterization, and Theoretical Modeling of 2D Molybdenum Boride (MBene) for All Solid-State Flexible Interdigitated Supercapacitor Application.

Recently, two-dimensional transition metal borides (2D MBenes) have demonstrated advanced physical, mechanical, and electrochemical performance; however, there are fewer studies in the literature. In particular, 2D molybdenum boride (2D MoB), created from molybdenum aluminum boride (MoAlB, MAB phase), is one of the important materials introduced due to its thermodynamically stable structure. Herein, we present the preparation of MoAlB and its chemical exfoliation by employing NaOH and LiF-HCl etching solutions to synthesize 2D MoB MBene nanostructures.