Interaction patterns between potato virus Y and eIF4E-mediated recessive resistance in the Solanaceae.

Unlabelled: The structural pattern of infectivity matrices, which contains infection data resulting from inoculations of a set of hosts by a set of parasites, is a key parameter for our understanding of biological interactions and their evolution. This pattern determines the evolution of parasite pathogenicity and host resistance, the spatiotemporal distribution of host and parasite genotypes, and the efficiency of disease control strategies. Two major patterns have been proposed for plant-virus genotype infectivity matrices.

[Phacoemulsification for visual refraction on the clear lens. Apropos of 33 severely myopic eyes].

Purpose: To evaluate visual benefit, predictability and complications after clear lens phakoemulsification and posterior chamber implantation in highly myopic eyes.

Methods: Thirty-three highly myopic eyes were reviewed at a mean postoperative follow-up of 27 months. The mean age of the 19 patients was 31.

[Radial keratotomy for the treatment of Excimer laser undercorrections].

Background: Effectiveness of radial keratotomy for undercorrections following photorefractive keratectomy.

Methods: Twenty myopic eyes from minus 4.75 to minus 8.

[Asymmetric radial keratotomy for low-grade myopia].

Thirty patients (47 eyes) underwent a radial keratotomy for low myopia (from -0.75 to -2.5 D).

New technique for knife and radial keratotomy.

Background: Radial keratotomy is the most popular method of surgical correction of myopia, but requires further improvements. This study presents a new knife design for radial keratotomy.

Methods: Radial keratotomy was performed on 120 eyes of 60 patients with myopia.

[Prevention of postoperative inverse astigmatism during radial keratotomy].

Seventy eight patients (156 eyes) were treated by radial keratotomy. Patients with spherical axial myopia were selected (including 39% of physiological astigmatism cases). After radial conventional technique the against-the-rule astigmatism > 1.

[Management of corneal microperforations during radial keratotomy].

Corneal microperforations induce a corneal astigmatism since refractive effect is increased on the perforated meridian. To counteract this induced refractive error, we performed "flag" or tangenital incisions on the perpendicular meridian.

[Phacoemulsification by the anterior approach combined with vitreoretinal surgery].

Phacoemulsification was combined with vitreoretinal surgery in 22 cases in which lens opacity prevented good visualisation of the fundus. The main indications were proliferative diabetic retinopathy and retinal detachment complicated by proliferative vitreoretinopathy. Phacoemulsification was achieved by a limbal approach.

[Cataract and implantation in the vitrectomized eyes].

Cataract is a frequent complication of vitreous surgery after some months or years. In these cases cataract extraction is somewhat difficult. We performed cataract surgery with implantation in 38 eyes from 37 patients between 1986 and 1991.

[Surgical treatment of traumatic retinal detachment in children under 15 years of age].

The clinical features and results of surgical management of 68 out of a series of 101 cases of traumatic retinal detachment in childhood are described and analysed. Follow-up, in particular after the removal of silicon oil used temporarily, was always been longer than six months. Cases were divided into three groups: contusions, ocular injuries without foreign body and with foreign body.

[Surgical treatment of non-traumatic retinal detachment in children under 15 years of age].

Etiological and clinical features of 151 retinal detachments in childhood are studied and discussed. Results of surgical management of 92 of them, after at least a 6 month follow-up, especially after ablation of silicon oil when used temporarily, are described. Clinical aspects of the contralateral eyes and their prophylactic treatment is also studied.

[Effects and complications of Nd YAG laser posterior capsulotomy after ECA + PCI (extracapsular extraction and posterior chamber implantation)].

264 consecutive cases of ECCE are reviewed. In this series 28 cases of Nd YAG laser capsulotomy have been performed. Visual results are excellent: visual acuity is improved in 90% of cases.

[Cyclodiathermy: is it effective in the treatment of glaucoma?].

The authors describe the non penetrating technique of cyclodiathermy in the treatment of different types of glaucoma and publish the results and the complications of the application of this technique on thirty three eyes among their patients. These eyes included congenital glaucoma (8 eyes), aphakic glaucoma (5 eyes), after silicone surgery (5 eyes), neovascular glaucoma (4 eyes), traumatic glaucoma (4 eyes), secondary glaucoma (3 eyes), Sturge-Weber-Krabbe (2 eyes) and open angle glaucoma (2 eyes). Their study with a mean follow up of 2.

[Retinal detachment: temporary internal tamponade with silicone oil after vitrectomy. Anatomic and functional results].

Forty-seven patients with retinal detachment treated by vitrectomy and silicone oil injection benefited from semi-premature ablation of the oil: after a mean of 5 months for supple retinal detachments and 6 1/2 months for those associated with vitreoretinal proliferation. Ablation was performed after obtaining a solid chorioretinal scar by cryopexy or endodiathermy, usually combined with laser panphotocoagulation. The technique used for ablation is described.

[Obliteration of the posterior holes and tears of the retina by endodiathermy after vitrectomy].

The authors report 19 cases of posterior retinal and tears treated by endodiathermy after vitrectomy. Nine cases were iatrogenic with a retinal break occurring during an intravitreal procedure. The remaining 10 cases were non-iatrogenic.

[Treatment of retinal detachment by vitrectomy and injection of silicone oil. Long-term results and complications in 105 cases].

The present study is a two year-follow up of 105 eyes (including 27 aphakic eyes), operated on retinal detachment by silicone oil injection after pars plana vitrectomy. This procedure was chosen either as an initial treatment (37 eyes) or after a classical treatment by external indentation had failed (68 eyes). All cases of retinal detachment were of bad prognosis: macular hole, massive periretinal proliferation, isolated or associated with a tear.

[Indications for vitrectomy in the extraction of intraocular foreign bodies].

Vitrectomy represents an important advance for the extraction of intra-ocular foreign bodies, a study of 20 cases emphasizing the advantages of the method. Pars plana vitrectomy was performed using Klöti's vitreous stripper; intra-ocular foreign bodies were extracted through the pars plana incision by a magnet or with forceps. The main indications of the technique are: posterior pole foreign bodies; old embedded metallic foreign bodies; foreign bodies with complications (traumatic cataract, vitreous hemorrhage, retinal detachment); non-magnetic oxidizable foreign bodies: these must be extracted under visual control with vitrectomy techniques, but complications and failure remain common.