Gellan gum-based in-situ gel formulations for ocular drug delivery: A practical approach.

Ophthalmic disorders significantly impact global health, affecting millions worldwide. Conventional treatments often face challenges related to poor bioavailability and short residence times on the ocular surface. In recent years, in-situ gels prepared using different natural gums including gellan gum has been investigated as a viable means of improving ocular medication delivery.

Amlodipine Attenuates Carrageenan-induced Oxidative Stress Targeting Transsynaptic Neuronal Damage by Promoting Survival of Retinal Ganglion Cells in Adult Zebrafish (.

Background: Transsynaptic degeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) likely plays a role in progressive loss of vision in glaucoma. Carrageenan (Carr), obtained from seaweed (Rhodophyceae), a sulphated polysaccharide extracted from a species of red algae (), is a reversible gel mostly used in eye-drop preparation due to its hydrocolloid nature. But Carr-induced inflammation causing oxidative stress in animals has not yet been evaluated.

Amlodipine Ocular Delivery Restores Ferning Patterns and Reduces Intensity of Glycosylated Peak of Carrageenan-Induced Tear Fluid: An Flexible Docking with IL-β1.

Background: The tear ferning test can be an easy clinical procedure for the evaluation and characterization of the ocular tear film.

Objective: The objective of this study was to examine the restoration of tear ferning patterns and reduction of glycosylation peak after amlodipine application in carrageenan-induced conjunctivitis.

Methods: At the rabbit's upper palpebral region, carrageenan was injected for cytokine-mediated conjunctivitis.

Detrimental consequences of micropolymers associated plasticizers on endocrinal disruption.

The prevalence of polymer usage in everyday activities has emerged as a detriment to both human life and the environment. A large number of studies describe severe impacts of micropolymers (MP) and nanopolymers (NP) on various organ systems, including the endocrine system. Additionally, plasticizers utilized as additives have been identified as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs).

Telmisartan loaded lipid nanocarrier as a potential repurposing approach to treat glioma: characterization, apoptosis evaluation in U87MG cells, pharmacokinetic and molecular simulation study.

The study explores anticancer potential of telmisartan (TS) loaded lipid nanocarriers (TLNs) in glioma cells as a potential repurposing nanomodality along with estimation of drug availability at rat brain. Experimental TLNs were produced by previously reported method and characterized.anticancer efficacy of experimental TLNs was estimated by MTT, confocal microscopy, and FACs analysis in glioma cells.

Wound Healing Activity of Topical Herbal Gels Containing Barringtonia acutangula Fruit Extract: In silico and In vivo Studies.

The current study describes the efficacy of B. acutangula fruit extract in wound healing via incorporation within topical gels. B.

Lipid-Gelucire based rectal delivery of ramipril prodrug exhibits significant lowering of intra-ocular pressure in normotensive rabbit: sustained structural relaxation release kinetics and IVIVC.

Carboxylesterase enzymes convert a prodrug ramipril into the biologically active metabolite ramiprilat. It is prescribed for controlling ocular hypertension after oral administration. High concentrations of carboxylesterase enzymes in rectal and colon tissue can transform ramipril significantly to ramiprilat.

Influence of Nano-Particulate Impurities and β-glucans on the Stability of Protein-Based Formulations.

Pharmaceutical grade sugars manufactured under Current Good Manufacturing Practice (cGMP) and complied with International Pharmaceutical Excipients Council (IPEC) quality standards, also contain a significant amount of nano-particulate impurities (NPIs). This review will focus on the origin of NPIs, the mechanism of their interference with Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and endotoxin tests, filtration technology to effectively reduce the NPIs, methodologies for analytical quantification of NPIs, guidance for setting the limits of threshold concentration and the overall impact of NPIs on the therapeutic activity, performance, stability of biopharmaceuticals and protein-based formulations. NPIs with an average particle size of 100 to 200 nm are present in sugars and are a combination of various chemicals such as dextrans (with the presence of β-glucans), ash, inorganic metal salts, aromatic colorants, etc.

Recent Advancements in Bioelectronic Medicine: A Review.

Bioelectronic medicine is a multidisciplinary field that combines molecular medicine, neurology, engineering, and computer science to design devices for diagnosing and treating diseases. The advancements in bioelectronic medicine can improve the precision and personalization of illness treatment. Bioelectronic medicine can produce, suppress, and measure electrical activity in excitable tissue.

Conveyance of sofosbuvir through vesicular lipid nanocarriers as an effective strategy for management of viral meningitis.

This study aimed to deliver a potential water-soluble antiviral drug (sofosbuvir) through optimized vesicular lipid nanocarriers (LNs) to the rat brain as a novel strategy against viral meningitis. A 2 factorial design approach was established to assess the effect of formulation composition and process variables on the physicochemical properties of the LNs. Sofosbuvir-loaded LNs (SLNs) were developed by lipid layer hydration method utilizing optimized parameters and evaluated for various characterizations like FTIR, DSC, XRD, FESEM, vesicle size, zeta potential, drug carrying capacity and drug release.

A mucoadhesive nanolipo gel containing Aegle marmelos gum to enhance transdermal effectiveness of linezolid for vaginal infection: In vitro evaluation, in vitro-ex vivo correlation, pharmacokinetic studies.

Effective treatment of vaginal infections with conventional antibiotics often faces challenges like unavoidable dose-related side effects with increased risk of bacterial resistance. The study aims to deliver linezolid through natural gum based mucoadhesive nano lipogel to improve therapeutic effectiveness against vaginal infections. The linezolid loaded nanoliposomes (LNLs) were developed by thin film hydration method and were characterized by FTIR, DSC, XRD, FESEM, particle size analysis, zeta potential, drug loading capacity, in vitro release study etc.

Deep and Transfer Learning Approaches for Automated Early Detection of Monkeypox (Mpox) Alongside Other Similar Skin Lesions and Their Classification.

The world faces multiple public health emergencies simultaneously, such as COVID-19 and Monkeypox (mpox). mpox, from being a neglected disease, has emerged as a global threat that has spread to more than 100 nonendemic countries, even as COVID-19 has been spreading for more than 3 years now. The general mpox symptoms are similar to chickenpox and measles, thus leading to a possible misdiagnosis.

COVID-19 vaccines and their underbelly: Are we going the right way?

Background: Historically, a critical aetiological agent of health concern stays till eternity after its discovery, so shall it be with the COVID-19 outbreak. It has transformed human life to a 'new normal' with huge tolls on the social, psychological, intellectual and financial spheres.

Aim: This perspective aimed to collate numerous reported COVID-19 vaccine-associated adverse events and the predisposing factors.

Dental delivery systems of antimicrobial drugs using chitosan, alginate, dextran, cellulose and other polysaccharides: A review.

Dental caries, periodontal disease, and endodontic disease are major public health concerns worldwide due to their impact on individuals' quality of life. The present problem of dental disorders is the removal of the infection caused by numerous microbes, particularly, bacteria (both aerobes and anaerobes). The most effective method for treating and managing dental diseases appears to be the use of antibiotics or other antimicrobials, which are incorporated in some drug delivery systems.

Sequential anaerobic-aerobic treatment of rice mill wastewater and simultaneous power generation in microbial fuel cell.

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) have attracted widespread interest due to their capability to generate power while treating wastewater. In the present investigation, rice mill wastewater (RMW) was treated in a dual-chamber MFC with a biological cathode (MFC), in which anaerobic treatment was provided in the anode compartment, and aerobic treatment was enployed in the cathode compartment. The performance was compared with an identical MFC with an abiotic cathode (MFC).

Application of clayware ceramic separator modified with silica in microbial fuel cell for bioelectricity generation during rice mill wastewater treatment.

Ceramic separators have recently been investigated as low-cost, robust, and sustainable separators for application in microbial fuel cells (MFC). In the present study, an attempt was made to develop a low-cost MFC employing a clayware ceramic separator modified with silica. The properties of separators with varying silica content (10%-40% w/w) were evaluated in terms of oxygen and proton diffusion.

Sodium nitrate as a methanogenesis suppressor in earthen separator microbial fuel cell treating rice mill wastewater.

The microbial fuel cell (MFC) is one of the sustainable technologies, which alongside treating wastewater, can generate electricity. However, its performance is limited by factors like methanogenesis where methanogens compete with the anode respiring bacteria for substrate, reducing the power output. Thus, sodium nitrate, which has been previously reported to target the hydrogenotrophic methanogens, was used as a methanogenic suppressor in this study.

Characterization of Hydration Behaviour and Modeling of Film Formulation.

Hydration behavior of hydrogel-based polymeric film possesses great importance in mucosal drug delivery. Modified Lag phase sigmoid model was used for the investigation of hydration of the film. Kaolin incorporated HPMC K100LVCR (HL) and K100M (HH) films containing dexamethasone as a model drug have been prepared for studying swelling kinetics.

Influence of TiO2 on Mucosal Permeation of Aceclofenac: Analysis of Crystal Strain and Dislocation Density.

Titanium dioxide can adhere with human epithelial cells and have good tolerability. Present work has been undertaken to explore the influence of TiO2 on mucosal permeation of aceclofenac. Mucosal permeation of aeclofenac solution containing TiO2 has been carried out.

Present Scenario of M-Cell Targeting Ligands for Oral Mucosal Immunization.

The immune system plays an important role in the prevention of infection and forms the first line of defense against pathogen attack. Delivering of antigen through mucosal route may elicit mucosal immune system as the mucosal surface is the most common site of pathogen entry. Mucosal immune system will be capable to counter pathogen at mucosal surface.

Lipopolysaccharide derived alginate coated Hepatitis B antigen loaded chitosan nanoparticles for oral mucosal immunization.

Mucosal administration of vaccine can produce a strong immune response. Antigens adhere to "M-cells", present at the intestinal mucosa and the M-cells produce immunity after actively transporting luminal antigens to the underlying immune cells. The objective of the present study was to prepare and characterize alginate coated chitosan nanoparticles (ACNPs) loaded with HBsAg as an antigen to produce immunity; additionally anchored with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) as an adjuvant.