[Recurrence of pulmonary tuberculosis: in- and outpatient data].

Diagnosis recrudescent pulmonary tuberculosis shows different flaws: on the one hand, the progression of early untreated tuberculosis can be mistaken for a recrudescence, on the other, changes are interpreted as a recrudescence if there is no clinical and X-ray evidence for the reactivation of the process. All cases of recrudescent tuberculosis should be reexamined by a medical commission, which allows the above errors to be avoided. If a patient with chronic alcoholism and mental disease has recrudescent tuberculosis, a narcologist and psychiatrist must participate in working out a comprehensive treatment policy.

[Drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and its significance in the hospital practice].

The author describes the trends in frequency and nature of primary drug resistance throughout the last 3 decades. Favourable trends in 1980s changed for negative tendencies in 1990s which reflects deterioration of epidemiological situation by tuberculosis. Earlier establishment of drug resistance is possible basing on its direct determination in the conditions of massive bacterial discharge.

[Treatment of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and mental disorders].

In combined treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis and mental disease cessation of bacterial discharge was achieved in 79.5%, caverns closure in 73.8% of patients.

[Current status and perspectives in hospital treatment of patients with tuberculosis complicated with alcohol abuse].

The authors show a rise in the prevalence of tuberculosis among alcoholics. In the past decade, the specific proportion of these two concurrent diseases has reached 30% among the groups registered in the tuberculosis dispensaries. In a great number of patients, the disease was accompanied by bacterial secretion and decay.

[Clinical course and symptoms of lung tuberculosis in patients with schizophrenia].

Schizophrenics with multiple diseases are shown to have advanced tuberculosis with active bacterial discharge and rapid progression. There is a relationship between tuberculosis and schizophrenia.

[Intolerance to antituberculous drugs and methods of its elimination].

The frequency of adverse reactions to antituberculous drugs was 33.6%, according to the materials of mass screening of Group I contingents of the dispensary record (259 patients) at various levels of treatment (hospital, polyclinic, sanatorium). At the polyclinic level which in all cases was nearly used after hospital, the frequency of adverse reactions was half as much as at the hospital level which was due to the use of the intermittent method and, in most cases, at least 2 drugs.

[Pulmonary tuberculosis in patients with mental disorders, drug addiction and substance abuse].

The clinical manifestations, course and outcomes of pulmonary tuberculosis were studied in 215 patients with concurrent severe mental diseases (112 had schizophrenia and 103 other organic diseases of the central nervous system). The patients had mainly disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis with copious bacilli excretion and destruction. Their clinical manifestations and the course of a specific process were mainly progressive.

[Improving the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis among the inmates of reformatory institutions of the Ministry of Home Affairs].

According to the data given by the authors, the tuberculosis morbidity rate in the populations under surveillance of the Ministry of Home Affairs was over that in the general population. High morbidity of such persons is often contributed to their antisocial way of life, and alcohol and drug addiction. Full coverage of these groups by means of X-ray screening, when they are held prisoners during the investigation period, makes it possible to detect all cases with active tuberculosis, to prevent the admission of undetected patients to the reformatory schools and thereby to stop the transmission of tuberculous infection.

[Incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis associated with chronic alcoholism and a complex treatment of those diseases].

It was shown that the prevalence of alcoholism among pulmonary tuberculosis patients was high and the outcomes of both the diseases proceeding in the presence of lowered immunity were often unfavourable, including the results of long-term follow-ups. The use of a specially constructed instrument for investigating the neurodynamic characteristics of the cerebral cortex and determination of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase in the serum promoted diagnosis of prenosological entities of alcoholism. Higher efficacy of alcoholism treatment in the patients with tuberculosis was achieved with narcotic psychotherapy using the mixture of nitrous oxide and oxygen, esperal implantation and application of rifusal, a new preparation, as well as application of extracorporeal hemosorption and enterosorption for eliminating the intoxication.

[Alcoholism and pulmonary tuberculosis].

A study of concomitant cases of alcoholism and pulmonary tuberculosis is reported, with reference to the incidence of alcoholism among the patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, causative relationships between the two diseases, clinical manifestations and course of pulmonary tuberculosis and alcoholism where the two are combined, as well as the treatment of alcoholism and pulmonary tuberculosis and its organizational aspects.