Zika Virus Infection Associated with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Case Report.

Introduction: The aim of this case was to investigate the association of the Zika virus infection in utero with the autism spectrum disorder (ASD) as clinical outcome that presented no congenital anomalies.

Methods: ASD was diagnosed in the second year of life by different child neurologists and confirmed by DSM-5 and ASQ. After that, an extensive clinical, epidemiological, and genetic evaluations were performed, with main known ASD causes ruled out.

Resveratrol Prevents Cellular and Behavioral Sensory Alterations in the Animal Model of Autism Induced by Valproic Acid.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by impairments in both social communication and interaction and repetitive or stereotyped behaviors. Although its etiology remains unknown, genetic and environmental risk factors have been associated with this disorder, including the exposure to valproic acid (VPA) during pregnancy. Resveratrol (RSV) is an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant molecule known to prevent social impairments in the VPA animal model of autism.

Improvement in Symptoms of Autism Spectrum Disorder in Children With the Use of Gastrin-Releasing Peptide: An Open Trial.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy and tolerability of gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) for core symptoms of autism spectrum disorder.

Methods: This is a prospective, open-label study with 160 pmol/kg of GRP tested in 10 children with autism. Outcome measures used were the Clinical Global Impressions-Improvement Scale, Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC), Childhood Autism Rating Scale, and Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised.

Predictors of Epilepsy in Children With Cerebrovascular Disease.

Post-stroke seizures and epilepsy in children are a common but understudied complication. In this retrospective cohort study, the medical records of 65 children aged 0 to 18 years were analyzed to assess the risk of post-stroke seizures, detect the prevalence of post-stroke epilepsy, and ascertain which risk factors are associated with this condition in children. Forty-two patients (64.

Translation and validation of Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) for autism diagnosis in Brazil.

Objective: To translate into Brazilian Portuguese the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R), an extremely useful diagnostic tool in autism.

Methods: A case-control study was done to validate the ADI-R. After being translated, the interview was applied in a sample of 20 patients with autism and 20 patients with intellectual disability without autism, in order to obtain the initial psychometric properties.

The diving reflex in healthy infants in the first year of life.

A cohort study was conducted with a random sample of 33 healthy infants evaluated at birth and at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, and 12 months to determine the frequency of respiratory rate changes in response to air blown over the face (diving reflex) in the first year of life, and to standardize the description of diving reflex occurrence. All 33 infants remained neurologically normal throughout follow-up. Diving reflex was observed in 95.

Childhood autism: translation and validation of the Childhood Autism Rating Scale for use in Brazil.

Objective: To translate the Childhood Autism Rating Scale into Brazilian Portuguese and to determine the initial psychometric properties of the resulting version (CARS-BR).

Methods: The methodology used to produce an adequate version included translation, backtranslation and evaluation of semantic equivalence. In order to determine its psychometric properties (internal consistency, validity and reliability), the CARS-BR was administered to 60 consecutive patients with autism, aged between 3 and 17 years and seen at a university hospital.

Proteus syndrome associated with hemimegalencephaly and Ohtahara syndrome: report of two cases.

The authors report two cases of Brazilian children with most of the common syndromic features of Proteus syndrome, such as asymmetric overgrowth of tissues, skin abnormalities, hypotonia and mental retardation. In both patients, a refractory epilepsy, compatible with Ohtahara syndrome, as well as hemimegalencephaly, with asymmetric distribution of facial fat, were also diagnosed.