Learning effects in over-ground running gait retraining: A six-month follow-up of a quasi-randomized controlled trial.

This study evaluated learning and recall effects following a feedback-based retraining program. A 6-month follow-up of a quasi-randomized controlled trial was performed with and without recall. Twenty runners were assigned to experimental or control groups and completed a 3-week running program.

Peak Muscle and Joint Contact Forces of Running with Increased Duty Factors.

Purpose: Running with increased duty factors (DF) has been shown to effectively reduce external forces during running. In this study, we investigated whether running with increased DF (INCR) also reduces internal musculoskeletal loading measures, defined as peak muscle forces, muscle force impulses, and peak joint contact forces compared with a runners' preferred running pattern (PREF).

Method: Ten subjects were instructed to run with increased DF at 2.

Biomechanical adaptations following a music-based biofeedback gait retraining program to reduce peak tibial accelerations.

Purpose: The present study aimed to determine whether runners can reduce impact measures after a six-session in-the-field gait retraining program with real-time musical biofeedback on axial peak tibial acceleration (PTA ) and identify the associated biomechanical adaptations.

Methods: Twenty trained high-impact runners were assigned to either the biofeedback or the music-only condition. The biofeedback group received real-time feedback on the PTA during the gait retraining program, whereas the music-only condition received a sham treatment.

Foot strike determines the center of pressure behavior and affects impact severity in heel-toe running.

This study assessed the centre of pressure (COP) behaviour and the relationship with impact severity during heel-toe running in conventional athletic footwear. We hypothesized that the COP behaviour depends on its location at foot strike, which would be associated with the vertical loading rate and peak tibial accelerations in heel-toe running. Ground reaction force and tibial acceleration were measured in 104 distance runners running level at ~3.

Reducing the peak tibial acceleration of running by music-based biofeedback: A quasi-randomized controlled trial.

Background: Running retraining with the use of biofeedback on an impact measure has been executed or evaluated in the biomechanics laboratory. Here, the execution and evaluation of feedback-driven retraining are taken out of the laboratory.

Purpose: To determine whether biofeedback can reduce the peak tibial acceleration with or without affecting the running cadence in a 3-week retraining protocol.

Relationship between duty factor and external forces in slow recreational runners.

Objectives: Recreational runners show a large interindividual variation in spatiotemporal characteristics. This research focused on slow runners and intended: (1) to document the variance in duty factor (DF) between runners in a real-life running setting and (2) examine whether the interindividual variation in DF and stride frequency (SF) relates to differences in external loading parameters between runners.

Methods: Spatiotemporal characteristics of 23 slow runners (ie, <2.

Music-based biofeedback to reduce tibial shock in over-ground running: a proof-of-concept study.

Methods to reduce impact in distance runners have been proposed based on real-time auditory feedback of tibial acceleration. These methods were developed using treadmill running. In this study, we extend these methods to a more natural environment with a proof-of-concept.

Predicting gait events from tibial acceleration in rearfoot running: A structured machine learning approach.

Background: Gait event detection of the initial contact and toe off is essential for running gait analysis, allowing the derivation of parameters such as stance time. Heuristic-based methods exist to estimate these key gait events from tibial accelerometry. However, these methods are tailored to very specific acceleration profiles, which may offer complications when dealing with larger data sets and inherent biological variability.

Tibial Acceleration-Based Prediction of Maximal Vertical Loading Rate During Overground Running: A Machine Learning Approach.

Ground reaction forces are often used by sport scientists and clinicians to analyze the mechanical risk-factors of running related injuries or athletic performance during a running analysis. An interesting ground reaction force-derived variable to track is the maximal vertical instantaneous loading rate (VILR). This impact characteristic is traditionally derived from a fixed force platform, but wearable inertial sensors nowadays might approximate its magnitude while running outside the lab.

Magnitude and Spatial Distribution of Impact Intensity Under the Foot Relates to Initial Foot Contact Pattern.

In running, foot contact patterns (rear-, mid-, or forefoot contact) influence impact intensity and initial ankle and foot kinematics. The aim of the study was to compare impact intensity and its spatial distribution under the foot between different foot contact patterns. Forty-nine subjects ran at 3.