Synchronous primary esophageal and gastric cancers.

The diagnosed multiple cancer cases have recently been increasing in number. The frequency of synchronous esophageal and gastric carcinomas is increasing due to development of more sophisticated invasive and non-invasive diagnostic tools and an increase in the number of elderly patients. Four cases of synchronous esophageal and gastric cancers were diagnosed in 2nd Department of Radiology, Medical University of Lublin and in Radiological Department of Hospital in Krosno between the 1996 and 2002.

Rare findings in high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) in interstitial lung diseases.

High resolution computed tomography (HRCT) is an imaging method, achieving an optimal resolution of lung interstitium images. HRCT enables more accurate diagnosis of interstitial lung diseases, in which it is a diagnostic method of choice. A lot of pathological findings specific only for HRCT were described.

Dissecting aortic aneurysm in computed tomography.

The dissecting aortic aneurysm (DAA) is an emergency, and because of that it requires urgent diagnosis and treatment. Many methods may by used to diagnose dissection, including aortography, CT, MRI, traditional and transesophageal ultrasonography. The computed tomography is often used in diagnostic of DAA, thus the knowledge of morphological characteristic of dissection is very important.

Meta-analysis of observed mortality data from all-controlled, double-blind, multiple-dose studies of losartan in heart failure. Losartan Heart Failure Mortality Meta-analysis Study Group.

Clinical studies of heart failure utilizing losartan, an angiotensin-II receptor antagonist, found that this drug is well tolerated and demonstrates hemodynamic, neurohormonal, and symptomatic improvement. To assess all-cause mortality in heart failure patients treated with losartan, a meta-analysis including 1,896 patients was performed on 6 controlled, double-blind, multiple-dose studies, regardless of sample size or duration of follow-up. A combination of logarithmic (log) odds ratios with a continuity correction was utilized for the meta-analysis.

[Seasonal changes in donor's sperm motility: CASA parameters].

Computer assisted semen analysis was employed to find out whether there are some changes in movement parameters between autumn-winter and spring-summer time. 473 sperm specimens obtained from 12 sperm donors were analyzed. Statistically significant percentage of motile spermatozoa was higher during spring-summer time.

Pharmacokinetics of intravenous and oral losartan in patients with heart failure.

The pharmacokinetics of a selective AT1-subtype, nonpeptide, orally active, angiotensin II receptor antagonist, losartan, were characterized in 11 patients with heart failure (New York Heart Association class II, n = 6; class III, n = 4; class IV, n = 1) after oral and intravenous administration. In these patients, average plasma clearance of losartan was 566 mL/min, volume of distribution at steady-state was 34 L, and terminal plasma half-life was 1.5 hours.

Losartan in heart failure: preclinical experiences and initial clinical outcomes.

Losartan potassium (Cozaar) is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist (AT1 selective) which has undergone extensive clinical trials for the treatment of hypertension. This literature survey will review some of the pre-clinical findings with losartan in models of heart failure, and where appropriate, we will compare the haemodynamic findings in animals with similar studies completed in patients. The major conclusion from these trials is that losartan has clear haemodynamic benefits in patients in heart failure and that the drug appears to be well tolerated, with a low incidence of adverse experiences related to impaired renal function.

First-dose effects of enalapril 2.5 mg and captopril 6.25 mg in patients with heart failure: a double-blind, randomized, multicenter study. The Enalapril-Captopril Investigators.

Significant decreases in blood pressure (BP) may occur when administration of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors is initiated for the treatment of heart failure. The purpose of this study was to compare the safety and tolerability of recommended initial doses of the longer-acting ACE inhibitor enalapril (ENAL) with those of the shorter-acting captopril (CAP) in patients with heart failure who were treated concomitantly with digitalis and diuretic agents. We evaluated BP, serum ACE activity, and clinical status when a low, first dose of ENAL (2.

Enalapril in the treatment of congestive heart failure: effects on signs, symptoms and mortality.

This is a review of the effects of E on the symptoms of CHF which affect patients' (pts) quality of life and the signs associated with pts' prognosis. The review is based on clinical studies which were included in the New Drug Application for Vasotec (enalapril maleate, MSD) in the United States. There were 3 open-label (242 pts) and 4 double-blind, placebo (P)-controlled (661 pts) studies of at least 1 month and up to about 2 years duration.

Tolerability of long term therapy with enalapril maleate in patients resistant to other therapies and intolerant to captopril.

Patients with severe hypertension and/or congestive heart failure (n = 281) who were unresponsive to other therapies and intolerant to captopril received enalapril treatment (mean dose 19.5 mg/day) under study conditions as part of a Compassionate Use Program. Many of these patients had serious concurrent disorders known to predispose them to a greater risk of adverse experiences and death.

Long-term effects of a once-a-day versus twice-a-day regimen of enalapril for congestive heart failure.

Although an abundance of short-term clinical trials has evaluated the use of enalapril in congestive heart failure (CHF), there has been a paucity of data regarding the long-term effects of this angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. Moreover, a question has arisen as to whether a once- or twice-daily dosing schedule is preferable. To address these issues, a multicenter trial was conducted with the objective of obtaining long-term (48 weeks) experience with enalapril in 142 patients with CHF.

High-risk patients treated with enalapril maleate: safety considerations.

The safety of 738 high-risk patients treated with enalapril under various clinical programs was evaluated. High risk was defined as the presence of a collagen vascular disease; a renal disease, including renovascular hypertension; or either hypertension or refractory cardiac failure with serum creatinine greater than or equal to 1.7 mg/dl at baseline.

Effect of intravenous enalaprilat in moderate and severe systemic hypertension.

The antihypertensive effect and tolerability of enalaprilat, an intravenously administered angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, was studied in 65 patients with moderate or severe hypertension. In this randomized, double-blind study, enalaprilat was compared with placebo in 42 (22 enalaprilat, 20 placebo) moderate hypertensive (diastolic blood pressure [BP] 100 to 114 mm Hg) patients. It was compared with furosemide in 23 (12 enalaprilat, 11 furosemide) severe hypertensive (diastolic BP 115 to 130 mm Hg) patients.

Comparative behavioral, biochemical and pigmentary effects of MPTP, MPP+ and paraquat in Rana pipiens.

We demonstrate that injections of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetra-hydropyridine (MPTP), 1-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridinium ion (MPP+) and Paraquat (PQ+) produce in Rana Pipiens different behavioral, biochemical and skin pigmentation changes. MPTP causes in frogs the main symptoms of Parkinsonism (rigidity, akinesia and tremor) and it darkens the skin of animals. It also decreases brain and, less so, adrenal medulla dopamine.

Long-term enalapril--a new converting enzyme inhibitor--in the treatment of mild to moderate essential hypertension, results of a worldwide multiclinic study. Comparing two ways of analyzing data.

The antihypertensive effect of enalapril maleate, a new converting enzyme inhibitor, was evaluated in a multiclinic, double-blind, randomized study in patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension. The analyses were done in two ways, with patients who violated the entry criteria of the protocol excluded, and according to the intention to treat principle. Enalapril in dosages of 10 to 40 mg daily administered alone or concomitantly with hydrochlorothiazide was compared to propranolol (80 to 240 mg daily) alone or concomitantly with the diuretic.