Discriminatory performance of the pulpal inflammatory biomarkers; Interleukin-8 and TNF-α in patients with symptoms indicative of reversible and irreversible pulpitis: A diagnostic accuracy study.

Aim: The success of vital pulp treatment (VPT) procedures is dependent on an accurate diagnosis of the pulpal inflammatory condition. Compared with current subjective pulpal diagnostic tests, inflammatory molecular biomarkers involved in the pathogenesis of pulpitis represent potential objective indicators of the degree of pulpal inflammation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to quantify level of inflammatory biomarkers - Interleukin 8 (IL-8) and TNF-α in patients diagnosed with reversible pulpitis (RP), irreversible pulpitis (IR) and normal pulp (NP) and investigate their diagnostic accuracy in differentiating between healthy and inflamed conditions.

The influence of calcium silicate-based cement on osseous healing: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: The purpose of this systematic review was to analyze the effect of commercially available calcium silicate-based bioactive endodontic cement (BEC) on treatment outcome when used as root repair material in human permanent teeth and to compare it with traditional materials.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched until June 2020. Randomized clinical studies and observational studies with a minimum 1-year follow-up and sample size of at least 20 were included.

Outcome of partial and full pulpotomy in cariously exposed mature molars with symptoms indicative of irreversible pulpitis: A randomized controlled trial.

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess and compare the clinical and radiographic outcome of partial pulpotomy and full pulpotomy using Biodentine in cariously exposed mature molar teeth with symptoms indicative of irreversible pulpitis.

Methodology: This study is an unicentric, double-arm, randomized superiority clinical trial with parallel experimental groups, registered under CTRI (CTRI/2019/12/022559). Fifty mature permanent molar teeth with carious exposures with symptoms indicative of irreversible pulpitis were randomly allocated equally into two groups.

Microscopic and elemental characterization of hydrated dental pulp capping agents.

Context: Characteristics of dental pulp capping agents may influence its interaction with the pulpal cells and can impact the treatment outcome.

Aims: This study aims to microscopically characterize various pulp capping agents following hydration.

Settings And Design: Original research.

Evaluation of Endosequence Root Repair Material and Endocem MTA as direct pulp capping agents: An in vivo study.

The study aimed to assess the human pulpal response to direct pulp capping using Endosequence Root Repair Material (ERRM) and Endocem MTA against ProRoot MTA as control. Intentional direct pulp capping was done using the three materials in 30 caries-free human premolars. After 30 days, the teeth were extracted, fixed and decalcified.

Comparative Evaluation of Dentinal Microcrack Formation before and after Root Canal Preparation Using Rotary, Reciprocating, and Adaptive Instruments at Different Working Lengths-A Micro-computed Tomographic Study.

Introduction: This study aimed to compare root dentinal microcrack formation after root canal shaping using rotary, reciprocating, and adaptive instruments at different working lengths using micro-computed tomographic imaging.

Methods: One hundred eighty extracted mature mandibular molar mesial roots with 2 separate canals were selected. The mesial roots were resected at the cementoenamel junction and randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 45) based on the nickel-titanium file system used: ProTaper Universal (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland), ProTaper Gold (Dentsply Maillefer), Twisted File Adaptive (SybronEndo, Orange, CA), and Reciproc Blue (VDW, Munich, Germany).

Effect of revascularisation and apexification procedures on biomechanical behaviour of immature maxillary central incisor teeth: a three-dimensional finite element analysis study.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the effects of revascularisation and apexification procedures on biomechanical behaviour of immature teeth using 3-dimensional finite element analysis (3D FEA).

Materials And Methods: Five 3D FEA permanent maxillary incisor models were developed from CBCT scans and available literature data: Model MT: Mature tooth, Model IT: Immature tooth (Cvek's stage 3), Model AT: Apexified tooth-mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) apexification, Model RTB: Revascularised tooth with blood, and Model RTS: Revascularised tooth with supplementary scaffold. Using FEA, a masticatory load of 240N at 120° was simulated, and the Von Mises and maximum principal stresses within the models were evaluated.

Long-term follow-up of traumatized immature necrotic permanent teeth treated with regenerative endodontic protocol using platelet-rich fibrin: A prospective case series.

The purpose of this prospective case series was to report the long-term clinical and radiographic outcomes of regenerative endodontic procedures (REP) using platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), in traumatized immature permanent teeth with necrotic pulps. Six immature necrotic permanent maxillary central incisors from six patients were treated with REP supplemented with PRF. Patients were recalled at 6, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, and 60 months.

Evaluation of apical extrusion and cone-beam computed tomography assessment of irrigant penetration in oval-shaped canals, using XP Endo Finisher and EndoActivator.

Background: Thorough cleaning of the pulp space is a challenging task. The mechanical instrumentation alone is usually not sufficient to completely debride the canals, and therefore, it requires the chemical action of irrigants also to disinfect the difficult to reach areas.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine apical extrusion and assess irrigant penetration through cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) for EndoActivator (EA) and XP Endo Finisher (XP).

Assessment of Quality of Root Canal Filling with C Point, Guttacore and Lateral Compaction Technique: A Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy Study.

Objective: The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the quality of root canal filling of C Point, GuttaCore and lateral compaction using confocal laser scanning microscopy.

Methods: Ninety recently extracted human mandibular incisors with single canal were selected. Canals were prepared with ProTaper instruments to size F3 and obturated using C Point, GuttaCore or lateral compaction technique.

Endodontic management of mandibular second molar fused to odontome with 12-month follow-up using cone beam computed tomography: A case report.

Fusion is a developmental anomaly characterised by the union of two adjacent teeth or tooth-like substance. Odontomes are malformation of the dental tissue which arise during normal tooth development. They are usually asymptomatic but often associated with tooth eruption disturbance.

Comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of ultrasonic tips versus the Terauchi file retrieval kit for the removal of separated endodontic instruments.

Objective: The aim of this study was to perform a comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of ultrasonic tips versus the Terauchi file retrieval kit (TFRK) for the removal of broken endodontic instruments.

Materials And Methods: A total of 80 extracted human first mandibular molars with moderate root canal curvature were selected. Following access cavity preparation canal patency was established with a size 10/15 K-file in the mesiobuccal canals of all teeth.

Novel application of a calcium silicate‒based cement and platelet-rich fibrin in complex endodontic cases: a case series.

Three-dimensional sealing of root canals is essential for long-term endodontic success. It is sometimes difficult to achieve a fluid-tight seal in cases such as furcation defects, resorption lesions, open apices, and root fractures. Such cases require restorative materials that not only are biocompatible and well accepted by the surrounding periodontium but also will set in the wet oral environment without losing their properties.

Influence of Final Apical Width on Smear Layer Removal Efficacy of Xp Endo Finisher and Endodontic Needle: An Study.

Objective: Chemical disinfection along with mechanical instrumentation, is required to achieve debridement, especially in apical third of root canal. Thus, this study aimed to compare the influence of final apical width on the smear layer removal efficacy of XP Endo Finisher and Endodontic Needle, in mandibular premolars.

Methods: 40 single-rooted mandibular premolars were included in the study, prepared using K3 XF rotary files (SybronEndo, Orange, CA).

Evaluation of remineralization potential and mechanical properties of pit and fissure sealants fortified with nano-hydroxyapatite and nano-amorphous calcium phosphate fillers: An study.

Objectives: The aim of this study was: (i) to formulate pit and fissure sealants (PFS) containing nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAP) filler; nHAP filler and silica co-filler; nHAP and nano-Amorphous Calcium Phosphate (nACP) co-filler, (ii) to evaluate physical properties; degree of conversion (DOC), curing depth (CD) and mechanical properties; microshear bond strength (MBS) of fortified PFS, and (iii) to assess remineralization potential and release of Ca and PO ions from newly synthesized sealants.

Materials And Methods: Four PFS were prepared using monomers with mixture of 35.5 wt % BisGMA, 35.

Effect of acid etching on the micro-shear bond strength of resin composite-calcium silicate interface evaluated over different time intervals of bond aging.

Introduction: With the introduction of calcium silicate materials, pulp capping procedure has been simplified due to their therapeutic pulp capping capabilities and ability to be used as a provisional bulk restorative material simultaneously. The quality of the adhesive bond between these cements and composite is of clinical significance with regard to the longevity of the final laminate restoration. Thus, this study aims to compare the microtensile bond strengths of resin composite to different calcium silicate cements versus glass ionomer cement (GIC).

Evaluation of retention and fracture resistance of different fiber reinforced posts: An study.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate retention & fracture resistance of different fibre posts.

Methodology: 90 extracted human permanent maxillary central incisors were used in this study. For retention evaluation, after obturation, post space preparation was done in all root canals and posts were cemented under three groups.

Evaluation of Biocompatibility and Osteogenic Potential of Tricalcium Silicate-based Cements Using Human Bone Marrow-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

Introduction: The success of endodontic regeneration lies in the appropriate combination of stem cells and bioactive materials. Several novel dental materials are available on the market in this regard. Hence, the current study aimed to evaluate the proliferation, differentiation, and osteogenic potential of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) onto biomaterials like ProRoot MTA (MTA; Dentsply Tulsa Dental, Tulsa, OK), Biodentine (BD; Septodont, Saint Maur de Fosses, France), and EndoSequence Root Repair Material (ERRM; Brasseler USA, Savannah, GA).

Management of Dens Invaginatus Type II Associated with Immature Apex and Large Periradicular Lesion Using Platelet-rich Fibrin and Biodentine.

Dens invaginatus (DI) poses peculiar challenges in endodontic treatment of teeth because of distortion of pulpal space. A case of Oehlers type II DI with open apex and large periapical lesion is reported. The case was managed using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), operating microscope, platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), and Biodentine.

Saving the 2(nd) Molar from the 3(rd) Is it Really the Guilt of the Tilt?

Introduction: Clinicians often relate the distal caries in second molars to angulated third molars, which if left undetected can lead to gross decay that may further require removal of the tooth. Due to this fact, many third molars are advised for prophylactic removal to prevent decay in the second molar. But this approach would only be justified when the incidence of decay/loss of second molar due to third molar are reasonably high.

Role of Cone-beam Computed Tomography in Diagnosis of Vertical Root Fractures: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Introduction: The detection of vertical root fractures (VRFs) is a significant challenge for clinicians. Cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT) imaging has been used recently in this field with high accuracy and sensitivity. Research results about its superiority over periapical radiographs (PRs) are mixed and inconclusive.

Novel Use of PRF and PDT in the Management of Trauma Induced Root Resorption and Infrabony Defect.

Root resorption is a common squeal of traumatic injury to the dentition. Its progression can be minimized by early diagnosis and appropriate treatment. This case report presents the diagnosis and management of a case of trauma induced trio of apical root resorption, intraradicular root resorption and infrabony defect in maxillary central incisor.

Comparison of physical and mechanical properties of mineral trioxide aggregate and Biodentine.

Background: Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) fulfills many of the ideal properties of the root-end filling material. However, its low cohesive property often makes it difficult to handle. Biodentine, new calcium-silicate-based cement has been developed to improve some MTA drawbacks such as its difficult handling property and long-setting time.

Current perspectives of bio-ceramic technology in endodontics: calcium enriched mixture cement - review of its composition, properties and applications.

Advancements in bio-ceramic technology has revolutionised endodontic material science by enhancing the treatment outcome for patients. This class of dental materials conciliates excellent biocompatibility with high osseoconductivity that render them ideal for endodontic care. Few recently introduced bio-ceramic materials have shown considerable clinical success over their early generations in terms of good handling characteristics.