Explanatory models of common mental disorders among South Asians in high-income countries: A systematic review.

Mental health service use by individuals of South Asian origin living outside of South Asia is influenced by cultural factors such as endorsing psycho-social-spiritual over biological explanations, somatisation, and stigma. The aim of this review is to synthesise the evidence about (a) explanatory models of common mental disorders (CMDs) among people of South Asian origin residing in high-income countries, and (b) their help-seeking for CMDs, including formal and informal care. The systematic review protocol was registered a priori on Prospero (registration number CRD42021287583).

Classic ketogenic diet versus further antiseizure medicine in infants with drug-resistant epilepsy (KIWE): a UK, multicentre, open-label, randomised clinical trial.

Background: Many infancy-onset epilepsies have poor prognosis for seizure control and neurodevelopmental outcome. Ketogenic diets can improve seizures in children older than 2 years and adults who are unresponsive to antiseizure medicines. We aimed to establish the efficacy of a classic ketogenic diet at reducing seizure frequency compared with further antiseizure medicine in infants with drug-resistant epilepsy.

Adoption of AI-Enabled Tools in Social Development Organizations in India: An Extension of UTAUT Model.

Social development organizations increasingly employ artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled tools to help team members collaborate effectively and efficiently. These tools are used in various team management tasks and activities. Based on the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT), this study explores various factors influencing employees' use of AI-enabled tools.

Micro-computed tomographic analysis of the marginal adaptation of a calcium silicate-based cement to radicular dentin after removal of three different intracanal medicaments - An study.

Context: This study focuses on the marginal adaptation of a calcium silicate-based cement to the root dentin after retrieval of different intracanal medicaments.

Aim: This study compared the marginal adaptation of a calcium silicate-based cement to radicular dentin in the apical third of the root canal following the use of three different intracanal medicaments.

Materials And Methods: Forty single-rooted premolar teeth ( = 40) were decoronated 13 mm above the root apices; then, 3 mm of the root tips were resected to standardize the root length.

Expression of serum proteins in noise induced hearing loss workers of mining based industry.

Noise Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL) is caused by excessive noise exposure due to occupational activities thus affects communication and quality of life. Prolonged occupational and environmental exposure to loud noise damages key molecules present in the micro-machinery of the ear which are required for the mechano-electrical transduction of sound waves in cochlea. Specific proteins are known to be associated with hearing loss and related structural and functional disabilities in the human inner, outer hair cells and cochlea.

Unexpected case of cryptococcal meningoencephalitis in a patient with long-standing well-controlled HIV infection.

Cryptococcal meningoencephalitis (CM) classically occurs in individuals with advanced HIV infection, solid organ transplants, or other immunocompromising conditions. We report a case of fatal CM in a 78-year-old woman with well-controlled HIV infection who had delayed diagnosis, persistently elevated intracranial pressure and pleocytosis of the cerebrospinal fluid. Initial suspicion for CM was low due to her relatively high CD4 T cell counts, which likely contributed to greater inflammation.

Analysis of catheter utilization, central line associated bloodstream infections, and costs associated with an inpatient critical care-driven vascular access model.

Background: Central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI) carry serious risks for patients and financial consequences for hospitals. Avoiding unnecessary temporary central venous catheters (CVC) can reduce CLABSI. Critical Care Medicine (CCM) is often consulted to insert CVC when alternatives are unavailable.

Bacterial and fungal coinfections in COVID-19 patients hospitalized during the New York City pandemic surge.

We observed bacterial or fungal coinfections in COVID-19 patients admitted between March 1 and April 18, 2020 (152 of 4,267, 3.6%). Among these patients, mortality was 57%; 74% were intubated; 51% with bacteremia had central venous catheters.

Chronic disease prevention evaluation in Ontario's public health system: a qualitative needs assessment.

Objectives: Building evaluation capacity for chronic disease prevention (CDP) is a critical step in ensuring the effectiveness of CDP programming over time. In this article, we highlight the findings of the qualitative arm of a mixed-methods needs assessment designed to assess the gaps and areas of strength within Ontario's public health system with respect to CDP evaluation.

Methods: We conducted 29 interviews and focus groups with representatives from 25 public health units (PHUs) and analyzed the data using thematic analysis.

Cochlear Proteins Associated with Noise-induced Hearing Loss: An Update.

Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is one of the major occupational disease that has influence on the quality of life of mining workers. Several reports suggest NIHL is attributed to noise exposure at workplace and approximately 16% of hearing loss is due to it. NIHL occurs as a result of exposure to high-level noise (>85 dB) in the workplace.

Pancreas as an Occult Source of Recurrent Bacteremia in an Immunocompromised Patient.

infection usually presents as gastroenteritis and enteric fever. Some cases of bacteremia can lead to invasion of different organ systems and become occult sources for recurrence. Almost all organs of the body can be affected and have been reported in the literature.

Impact of socioeconomic status and living condition on latent tuberculosis diagnosis among the tribal population of Melghat: A cohort study.

Aims: To study socioeconomic status (SES) and living conditions (LC) as risk factors for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and their impact on QuantiFERON-TB gold (QFT-G) and tuberculin skin test (TST) outcome for determining a better diagnostic test for LTBI in the malnourished tribal population of Melghat.

Settings And Design: Six hundred sixty nine participants matching the inclusion criteria were recruited from 10 tribal villages of Melghat region, India.

Subjects And Methods: Complete information related to various risk factors and test outcome was obtained on 398 participants, which was analyzed as per predefined conceptual framework.

Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels are not Associated with Adverse Outcomes in Clostridium Difficile Infection.

Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is a significant source of healthcare-associated morbidity and mortality. This study investigated whether serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D is associated with adverse outcomes from CDI. Patients with CDI were prospectively enrolled.

Neopterin: A candidate biomarker for the early assessment of toxicity of aluminum among bauxite dust exposed mine workers.

Introduction: Bauxite ore is a major source of aluminum (Al) which contains approximately 35-60% Al by weight. Occupational and environmental bauxite dust exposure may cause toxicity by interaction with human biological systems resulting in oxidative stress (OS) and cell death. A neopterin derivative as an antioxidant is able to modulate cytotoxicity by the induction of OS.

Latent TB infection diagnosis in population exposed to TB subjects in close and poor ventilated high TB endemic zone in India.

Background: The present study was designed to investigate the utility of Quantiferon TB gold (QFT-G) and Tuberculin skin test (TST) for diagnosis of latent TB infection (LTBI) in high crowding TB endemic zone of Nagpur, India and their comparison with associated risk factors.

Methods: Out of 342 eligible participants, QFT-G and TST were performed in 162 participants.

Results: The prevalence of LTBI observed according to QFT-G and TST was 48% and 42% respectively, with an agreement of 52.

Emergence of Carbapenemaseproducing Klebsiella Pneumoniae of Sequence type 258 in Michigan, USA.

The prevalence of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) in our hospital increased beginning in 2009. We aimed to study the clinical and molecular epidemiology of these emerging isolates. We performed a retrospective review of all adult patients with clinical cultures confirmed as CPE by positive modified Hodge test from 5/2009- 5/2010 at the University of Michigan Health System (UMHS).

Heat shock proteins: possible biomarkers in pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis.

Tuberculosis (TB) and Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) continue to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Therefore there is a need to explore potential biomarkers and heat shock proteins [Hsp(s)] could be one such candidate. We found that host (Hsp 25, Hsp 60, Hsp 70 and Hsp 90) and MTB Hsp(s) (Hsp 16, Hsp 65 and Hsp 71) to be an important feature of the immune response in human clinical samples of pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB patients and in MTB infected monocytes.

Mycobacterial dormancy regulon protein Rv2623 as a novel biomarker for the diagnosis of latent and active tuberculous meningitis.

The present study was designed to investigate Rv2623 antigen, a major dormancy regulon protein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) in CSF of suspected latent and active tuberculous meningitis (TBM) patients. A total of 100 CSF samples from TBM (n = 31), suspected latent TBM (n = 22), and suitable noninfectious control subjects (n = 47) were collected and evaluated for Rv2623 antigen level using ELISA protocol. A significantly high (P < 0.

Laboratory investigations on the diagnosis of tuberculosis in the malnourished tribal population of melghat, India.

Background: Malnutrition is a major risk factor for the development of tuberculosis (TB). In India, Melghat is among the tribal regions which consist of highest number of malnutrition cases. Because of the paucity of TB data from these malnourished areas there is an urgent need for the development and evaluation of improved TB diagnostic tests.