Identification of Wnt-5a Receptors Important in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Corneal Epithelial Wound Healing.

Purpose: Persistent epithelial alterations such as delayed wound healing are a key feature of diabetic corneal disease. Previously, we reported that epigenetic changes in the diabetic cornea led to the suppression of Wnt-5a, and that addition of Wnt-5a accelerated wound healing. In this study, we set to determine which Wnt receptor(s) mediated Wnt-5a induced stimulation of diabetic corneal epithelial wound healing.

Long-term Outcomes of Traditional Braces versus Invisalign in Orthodontic Treatment.

Objective: This research targets to compare the longstanding outcomes of traditional braces versus Invisalign in orthodontic treatment, focusing on dental alignment, occlusal stability, patient satisfaction, and treatment duration.

Methods: A retrospective cohort research with 200 subjects was piloted. One hundred subjects received traditional braces, while the other 100 received Invisalign.

Operationalization of Status Neutral Human Immunodeficiency Virus Care for Criminal-Legal Involved Populations.

The United States has the highest number of people incarcerated in the world. Criminal-legal involved populations, including people who are incarcerated in jails and prisons and people who are under community carceral control through probation or parole are at an increased risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Increasing access to HIV testing, treatment and prevention is necessary to curb the HIV epidemic.

Dynamic angle closure following pars plana vitrectomy with perfluoropropane gas.

Purpose: To report the clinical course of an aphakic patient who developed positional secondary angle closure glaucoma following pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with perfluoropropane (C3F8) gas tamponade.

Observations: A 23-year-old male presented due to a two-year history of vision loss in the left eye. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 20/200 and intraocular pressure (IOP) was 12 mm Hg OS.

JAK-STAT Signaling and Beyond in the Pathogenesis of Spondyloarthritis and Their Clinical Significance.

Purpose Of Review: Janus kinase-signal transducers and activators of transcription cell signaling proteins (JAK-STATs) play a key regulatory role in functioning of several inflammatory cytokines. JAK-STAT signaling proteins are the key regulators of the cytokine/cytokine receptor system involved in the pathogenesis of various autoimmune disease including spondyloarthritis (SpA). This article mainly highlights the JAK-STAT signaling system, its association with the relevant cytokine/cytokine-receptor system, and its regulatory role in pathogenesis of SpA.

Exome sequencing identifies ADGRG4 G-protein-coupled receptors gene as a novel cancer biomarker in ovarian cancer patients from North India.

Adhesion G protein-coupled receptor G4 (ADGRG4) is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that belongs to the adhesion family. Participation of ADGRG4 in cell adhesion and migration, signaling pathway activation, influence on angiogenesis, and modulation of immune responses are some of the possible ways through which it may contribute to oncogenesis. Conducting extensive omics studies poses budgetary challenges to small labs in peripheral areas, primarily due to restricted research funding and resource limitations.

Associations between telomere attrition, genetic variants in telomere maintenance genes, and non-small cell lung cancer risk in the Jammu and Kashmir population of North India.

Background: Telomeres are repetitive DNA sequences located at the ends of chromosomes, playing a vital role in maintaining chromosomal integrity and stability. Dysregulation of telomeres has been implicated in the development of various cancers, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which is the most common type of lung cancer. Genetic variations within telomere maintenance genes may influence the risk of developing NSCLC.

JAK-STAT inhibitors in Immune mediated diseases: An Overview.

For any biological response, transmission of extracellular signals to the nucleus is required for DNA transcription and gene expression. In that respect, cytokines/chemokines are well-known inflammatory agents which play a critical role in signalling pathways by activating the Janus kinase-signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK-STAT) signalling proteins (Janus kinase-signal transducers and activators of transcription) which are a group of intracellular kinase molecules. Cytokines are a category of small proteins (∼5-25 kDa) that play a major role in cell signalling and are major drivers of an autoimmune response.

Cisplatin-based combination therapy for cancer.

Cisplatin, that is, cis-diamminedichloroplatinum is a coordinate compound that is mainly preferred as prior treatment against several solid tumors and malignancies like ovaries, head and neck, testicular, and lung cancers because of its anticancer activity. Cisplatin binds at the N7 position of purine and forms adducts, leading to altered activity of DNA that triggers apoptosis. DNA damage is followed by several signaling pathways like induced oxidative stress, upregulated p53, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) or Akt pathways along with induced apoptosis.

Reversal of dual epigenetic repression of non-canonical Wnt-5a normalises diabetic corneal epithelial wound healing and stem cells.

Aims/hypothesis: Diabetes is associated with epigenetic modifications including DNA methylation and miRNA changes. Diabetic complications in the cornea can cause persistent epithelial defects and impaired wound healing due to limbal epithelial stem cell (LESC) dysfunction. In this study, we aimed to uncover epigenetic alterations in diabetic vs non-diabetic human limbal epithelial cells (LEC) enriched in LESC and identify new diabetic markers that can be targeted for therapy to normalise corneal epithelial wound healing and stem cell expression.

Ala307Thr variation modulates FSHR structure and impairs its binding affinity for FSH: Implications in polycystic ovarian syndrome.

Follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) belongs to the family of G-protein coupled receptors and acts as a cognate receptor for follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). Among the various polymorphic changes reported in FSHR, rs6165 polymorphism leading to Ala307Thr variation in the extracellular domain of the FSHR (FSHR ) is widely reported. Therefore we attempted to evaluate the functional implications of this variation by studying its effects on FSHR structure as well as FSH binding.

Comparative evaluation of the effect of calcium silicate and epoxy resinbased root canal sealers on postoperative pain in patients with primary endodontic lesion: A randomized clinical study.

Introduction: This study's objective was to assess and compare postoperative pain response between bioceramic sealer (Nishika BG) and epoxy resin based (AH Plus) in patients with primary endodontic lesion at time interval of 24 h, 48 h, and 7 days using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS).

Materials And Methods: The study included 40 individuals with necrotic pulp and apical periodontitis. Calcium hydroxide was administered as the intracanal medication during the two-visit endodontic therapy.

Clinical evaluation of winged versus wingless rubber dam clamps in single tooth isolation - A randomized clinical study.

Context: Retention of the rubber dam is done with metallic or nonmetallic clamps for isolation. The two types of metallic clamps most frequently used are winged and wingless. The clinical efficacy of both clamps is needed to be compared.

Non-canonical Wnt signaling in the eye.

Wnt signaling comprises a group of complex signal transduction pathways that play critical roles in cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis during development, as well as in stem cell maintenance and adult tissue homeostasis. Wnt pathways are classified into two major groups, canonical (β-catenin-dependent) or non-canonical (β-catenin-independent). Most previous studies in the eye have focused on canonical Wnt signaling, and the role of non-canonical signaling remains poorly understood.

Antiphospholipid antibodies and vitamin D deficiency in COVID-19 infection with and without venous or arterial thrombosis: A pilot case-control study.

Background: Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is associated with thromboembolism. Antiphospholipid antibody (APLa) formation is one of the mechanisms. Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with thrombosis in antiphospholipid antibody syndrome.

Regulatory role of miR-146a in corneal epithelial wound healing via its inflammatory targets in human diabetic cornea.

Purpose: MiR-146a upregulated in limbus vs. central cornea and in diabetic vs. non-diabetic limbus has emerged as an important immune and inflammatory signaling mediator in corneal epithelial wound healing.

Multiyear Evaluation of Maintenance Electroconvulsive Therapy in an Adult With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Catatonia, and Challenging Behavior.

We report the case of a 30-year-old man diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder who received electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) over a 4-year period to treat catatonia associated with life-threatening self-injury, aggression, major depression, and associated self-care, daily living, and communication skills deficits. A systematic schedule of maintenance ECT (m-ECT) was associated with elimination of challenging behavior, catatonic and depressive symptom remission, removal of protective equipment, and reduced dosages of psychotropic medications.