Humans exploit the trade-off between lateral stability and manoeuvrability during walking.

People use the mechanical interplay between stability and manoeuvrability to successfully walk. During single-limb support, body states (position and velocity) that increase in lateral stability will inherently resist lateral manoeuvres, decrease medial stability and facilitate medial manoeuvres. Although not well understood, people can make behavioural decisions exploiting this relationship in anticipation of perturbations or direction changes.

REPRESSOR OF UV-B PHOTOMORPHOGENESIS proteins target ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE 5 for degradation to promote early plant development.

REPRESSOR OF UV-B PHOTOMORPHOGENESIS 1 (RUP1) and REPRESSOR OF UV-B PHOTOMORPHOGENESIS 2 (RUP2) are WD-40 domain-containing proteins that have been extensively characterized for their role in UV-B signaling. However, the roles of the RUP proteins outside the canonical UV-signaling pathway are less known. Here, we identify that RUP1 and RUP2 play important roles in ABA signaling to regulate seed germination and early seedling development in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Lateral preoptic area glutamate neurons relay nociceptive information to the ventral tegmental area.

The ventral tegmental area (VTA) has been proposed to play a role in pain, but the brain structures modulating VTA activity in response to nociceptive stimuli remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that the lateral preoptic area (LPO) glutamate neurons relay nociceptive information to the VTA. These LPO glutamatergic neurons synapsing on VTA neurons respond to nociceptive stimulation and conditioned stimuli predicting nociceptive stimulation and also mediate aversion.

Motivating factors associated with choosing orthodontics for future prospects among newly passed out dental professionals in Maharashtra, India.

Background: Choosing postgraduate subject as a future career is always tricky but there are factors associated which persuade the dental undergrads to choose the particular postgraduate course and orthodontics is one of them. Hence, the aim of present study was to determine motivating factors associated with choosing orthodontics for future prospects among newly passed out undergraduate dental professionals.

Materials And Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive questionnaire study.

Epidemiology of Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis among an Insured Population in the United States: A Claims-based Cohort Analysis.

Rationale: Hypersensitivity pneumonitis is a complex lung disease resulting from repeated inhalation of a variety of antigens. Limited data exist regarding its epidemiology.

Objectives: To describe the trends in the annual incidence and prevalence of hypersensitivity pneumonitis in the United States.

Comparing Healthcare Utilization and Costs Among Medicaid-Insured Patients with Chronic Noncancer Pain with and without Opioid-Induced Constipation: A Retrospective Analysis.

Background: Constipation is a common adverse effect of opioid use and has been associated with increased healthcare utilization and costs among patients receiving opioids for pain management.

Objective: To compare the healthcare utilization and costs of Medicaid patients with chronic noncancer pain with and without constipation who were receiving opioids.

Methods: This retrospective, claims-based study was conducted using data from the Truven Health MarketScan Medicaid Multi-State database.

The Clinical and Economic Benefits of Co-Testing Versus Primary HPV Testing for Cervical Cancer Screening: A Modeling Analysis.

Background: Consensus United States cervical cancer screening guidelines recommend use of combination Pap plus human papillomavirus (HPV) testing for women aged 30 to 65 years. An HPV test was approved by the Food and Drug Administration in 2014 for primary cervical cancer screening in women age 25 years and older. Here, we present the results of clinical-economic comparisons of Pap plus HPV mRNA testing including genotyping for HPV 16/18 (co-testing) versus DNA-based primary HPV testing with HPV 16/18 genotyping and reflex cytology (HPV primary) for cervical cancer screening.

Hepatoprotective Effect of Cissus quadrangularis Stem Extract Against Rifampicin-induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats.

The study was designed to investigate the hepatoprotective activity of methanol extract of Cissus quadrangularis against rifampicin-induced hepatotoxicity in rats.The coarse powder of the shade dried stem of Cissus quadrangularis was subjected to successive extraction in a Soxhlet apparatus using solvents petroleum ether (60-80°) and methanol. Liver damage was induced in Wistar rats by administering rifampicin (54 mg/kg, p.

Alcoholic leaf extract of Plectranthus amboinicus regulates carbohydrate metabolism in alloxan-induced diabetic rats.

Objective: The present investigation was undertaken to explore the possible mechanisms of Plectranthus amboinicus leaf extract in alloxan-induced diabetic rats.

Materials And Methods: Control and alloxan-induced diabetic albino rats received different treatments; orally control (vehicle), 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg of ethanol extract of Plectranthus amboinicus (PAEE) and 600 μg/kg of glibenclamide (standard) for 15 days. At the end of the experiment, the animals were sacrificed and enzyme activities of carbohydrate metabolism were measured in the liver.

Evolution of a physiological pH 6.8 bicarbonate buffer system: application to the dissolution testing of enteric coated products.

The use of compendial pH 6.8 phosphate buffer to assess dissolution of enteric coated products gives rise to poor in vitro-in vivo correlations because of the inadequacy of the buffer to resemble small intestinal fluids. A more representative and physiological medium, pH 6.

Evaluation of hepatoprotective activity of Cissus quadrangularis stem extract against isoniazid-induced liver damage in rats.

Objective: The study was designed to investigate the hepatoprotective activity of methanol extract of Cissus quadrangularis (CQ) against isoniazid-induced hepatotoxicity in rats.

Materials And Methods: The successive petroleum ether (60-80°C) and methanol extracts of C. quadrangularis were used.

Assessment of gastrointestinal pH, fluid and lymphoid tissue in the guinea pig, rabbit and pig, and implications for their use in drug development.

Laboratory animals are often used in drug delivery and research. However, basic information about their gastrointestinal pH, fluid volume, and lymphoid tissue is not completely known. We have investigated these post-mortem in healthy guinea pigs, rabbits and pigs, to assess their suitability for pre-clinical studies by comparing the results with reported human literature.