Exploring the effects of noise pollution on physiology and ptilochronology of birds.

Unlabelled: Short and long-term sound-induced stress on daily basis can affect the physiology of avian individuals because they are more susceptible to sound stress in an open environment.

Objectives: An ex-situ study was carried out to determine the impact of noise on physiology and ptilochronology of non-breeding male domesticated quail birds.

Methodology: During 60-days long trial, male quail birds, aged 5-weeks, weighing (c.

seed polysaccharide-copper nanocomposite: An innovative solution for green environment and antimicrobial studies.

The purpose of this study was to synthesize ecofriendly nano-composite in which agricultural waste (seeds of was used to synthesize tamarind seed polysaccharides (TSP) and its composite with copper nanoparticles (Cu-NPs) for the purpose of green and clean environment as well as reduction of green-house gases. Confirmation of extracted TSP, synthesized nanocomposite was carried out using FTIR, SEM, PXRD and EDX techniques. In FTIR analysis TSP gives a strong broad peak at 3331 cm due to -OH group and in case of composite its intensity is reduced which might be due to the interactions between -OH and Cu ions.

Behavioural impacts of following administration of Ficus carica leaves extract in animal model of acute and chronic unpredictable mild stressed exposed rats.

Stress is described as a noxious stimulus that affects the health of an individual and alters body homeostasis resulting in changes the individual behavioural and metabolic condition. Synthesis of drug from plants has main interest due the significant medicinal values. The recent investigation was designed to examine the pharmacological impacts of Ficus carica leaves extract on stress.

Chemical composition and antimicrobial study of body oil.

Geckos and their products have been used in Asian traditional medicine. Medicinal properties of desert-dwelling Gecko species, remain unexplored. In this study, natural bioactive macromolecules present in oil extracted from (COO) and their biological activities were evaluated.

An Integrated Computational Approaches for Designing of Potential Piperidine based Inhibitors of Alzheimer Disease by Targeting Cholinesterase and Monoamine Oxidases Isoenzymes.

The study aimed to evaluate the potential of piperidine-based 2H chromen-2-one derivatives against targeted enzymes, i.e., cholinesterase's and monoamine oxidase enzymes.

Long-Acting Bupivacaine for Pain Control After Cesarean Birth.

Objective: To evaluate women's postcesarean pain levels and total opioid use for standard opioid pain management compared with local anesthetic with patient-requested opioids.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting/local Problem: Rural southeast Ohio.

Noise-induced hormonal & morphological malformations in breeding pigeons.

Environmental pollution has the potential to have a significant impact on animal's health especially on birds due to daily exposure and habitat. This experimental study was carried out for a 60 days period in which, a total of 24 pigeon birds with suitable weight (80-100 g) were kept in Animal house with suitable environmental conditions viz, controlled temperature, humidity & light source to minimize any other stress. Out of twenty-four, eighteen birds were divided into three treatment groups (6 birds in each group).

Combating effects of Azadirachta indica leaves extract on biochemical and neuropsychological decline observed in diabetes.

Diabetes is a group of metabolic disorder effecting health of wide number of population and cause neuropsychological decline. In the present study, effect of AI leaves extract on neuropsychological behaviors was observed in diabetic rat's model. Rats were divided into 4 groups as control (saline treated healthy rats), positive control (pioglitazone treated diabetic rats), diabetic control (untreated diabetic rats) and AI leaves extract treated diabetic rats.

Antibiograms of Gut Flora of Poultry Farms Workers Reveal Higher Resistance Levels as Compared to Non-Workers.

Introduction: Antibiotics are being used in humans and animals for treatment and control of bacterial infections. Excessive use of antibiotics in the production of poultry is a popular practice, but it poses serious health issues by transferring resistance from farm to humans via food or direct exposure.

Study Objective: The objective of this study was to carry out a comparison of the resistance and sensitivity profile of isolated isolates from sewage of toilets that were in use of workers inside the farm and from sewage of household toilets.

The Comparative Pharmaco- and Histokinetics of the Therapeutic Dose of Estradiol Valerate and Bromocriptine in Common Quails.

The current study is aimed at examining the overall effects of steroids on the tissues of organisms and pharmacotherapeutics and pharmaco-histokinetics of several steroids, including Bromocriptine as mesylate and estradiol valerate in common quails (). A total of 100 birds were used for pharmaco-histokinetics. The research was carried out in two separate trials, one during the fall season and the other during the spring season.

Antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiviral activity, and gas chromatographic analysis of Varanus griseus oil extracts.

There is an urgent need to develop natural antimicrobials for the control of rapidly mutating drug-resistant bacteria and poultry viruses. Five extracts were prepared using diethyl ether, ethyl acetate, methanol, 1-butanol and n-hexane from abdominal fats of Varanus griseus locally known as Indian desert monitor. Antibacterial, antioxidant and antiviral activities from oil extracts were done through disc diffusion method, stable 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay and in ovo antiviral assay, respectively.

An antimicrobial activity of oil extracted from Saara hardwickii.

Present research work represents antiviral and antibacterial value of body fat of Saara hardwickii commonly called as spiny tailed lizard. Oil was extracted from body fats located in the ventral region of this animal using hydrocarbons e.g.

Correlation between antibiotic resistance and phylogenetic types among multidrug-resistant isolated from urinary tract infections.

Objectives: Emergence of multidrug resistance has reduced the choice of antimicrobial regimens for UTIs. To understand the association of phenotype and genotype among uropathogens.

Materials And Methods: Six hundred and twenty-eight (628) urine samples were collected and analyzed.

Potential of Nigella sativa seed aqueous extract in ameliorating quinine-induced thrombocytopenia in rats.

Dengue infection is rapidly spreading in most of the countries of south Asia. It is of utmost importance to explore the plants with "anti-thrombocytopenic activity" the dreadful response of dengue fever. The present study was conducted to investigate the potential of aqueous extract of Nigella sativa (black cumin) seeds in alleviating the severity of dengue disease by raising the platelet count (PLT).

Long-Term Outcome of Step-Cut Ulnar Shortening Osteotomy for Ulnar Impaction Syndrome.

Background: Extra-articular ulnar shortening osteotomy is a common procedure for the surgical treatment of ulnar impaction syndrome. Several techniques for this osteotomy have been developed to avoid the morbidity associated with a standard transverse osteotomy. However, these techniques require special instrumentation and are expensive.

The subchronic phencyclidine rat model: relevance for the assessment of novel therapeutics for cognitive impairment associated with schizophrenia.

Rationale: Current treatments for schizophrenia have modest, if any, efficacy on cognitive dysfunction, creating a need for novel therapies. Their development requires predictive animal models. The N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) hypothesis of schizophrenia indicates the use of NMDA antagonists, like subchronic phencyclidine (scPCP) to model cognitive dysfunction in adult animals.

Salmonella require the fatty acid regulator PPARδ for the establishment of a metabolic environment essential for long-term persistence.

Host-adapted Salmonella strains are responsible for a number of disease manifestations in mammals, including an asymptomatic chronic infection in which bacteria survive within macrophages located in systemic sites. However, the host cell physiology and metabolic requirements supporting bacterial persistence are poorly understood. In a mouse model of long-term infection, we found that S.

Caspase-11 increases susceptibility to Salmonella infection in the absence of caspase-1.

Inflammasomes are cytosolic multiprotein complexes assembled by intracellular nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLRs) and they initiate innate immune responses to invading pathogens and danger signals by activating caspase-1 (ref. 1). Caspase-1 activation leads to the maturation and release of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18, as well as lytic inflammatory cell death known as pyroptosis.

Salmonella's long-term relationship with its host.

Host-adapted strains of Salmonella enterica cause systemic infections and have the ability to persist systemically for long periods of time and pose significant public-health problems. Multidrug-resistant S. enterica serovar Typhi (S.

At home with hostility: How do pathogenic bacteria evade mammalian immune surveillance to establish persistent infection?

Bacterial persistence is of major concern as persistent bacterial infections involving bacteria such as Helicobacter pylori, Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis pose significant public health problems worldwide. This report discusses the recent advances in understanding the strategies used by bacteria during persistent infection that allow them to colonize specific sites in the host and evade immune surveillance.

Type I IFN signaling constrains IL-17A/F secretion by gammadelta T cells during bacterial infections.

Recognition of intracellular bacteria by macrophages leads to secretion of type I IFNs. However, the role of type I IFN during bacterial infection is still poorly understood. Francisella tularensis, the causative agent of tularemia, is a pathogenic bacterium that replicates in the cytosol of macrophages leading to secretion of type I IFN.

Non-coding RNAs revealed during identification of genes involved in chicken immune responses.

Recent large-scale cDNA cloning studies have shown that a significant proportion of the transcripts expressed from vertebrate genomes do not appear to encode protein. Moreover, it was reported in mammals (human and mice) that these non-coding transcripts are expressed and regulated by mechanisms similar to those involved in the control of protein-coding genes. We have produced a collection of cDNA sequences from immunologically active tissues with the aim of discovering chicken genes involved in immune mechanisms, and we decided to explore the non-coding component of these immune-related libraries.

Transcriptional profiling reveals a possible role for the timing of the inflammatory response in determining susceptibility to a viral infection.

Using a novel cDNA microarray prepared from sources of actively responding immune system cells, we have investigated the changes in gene expression in the target tissue during the early stages of infection of neonatal chickens with infectious bursal disease virus. Infections of two lines of chickens previously documented as genetically resistant and sensitive to infection were compared in order to ascertain early differences in the response to infection that might provide clues to the mechanism of differential genetic resistance. In addition to major changes that could be explained by previously described changes in infected tissue, some differences in gene expression on infection, and differences between the two chicken lines, were observed that led to a model for resistance in which a more rapid inflammatory response and more-extensive p53-related induction of apoptosis in the target B cells might limit viral replication and consequent pathology.

Characterisation of a cluster of TRIM-B30.2 genes in the chicken MHC B locus.

We have identified and characterised a cluster of six TRIM-B30.2 genes flanking the chicken BF/BL region of the B complex. The TRIM-B30.