Background And Aim: Despite diabetes being an independent risk for HF, only some DM patients develop HF and hence our aim was to compare the clinical features of DM with and without HF and non-DM with and without HF.
Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted among 397 individuals who visited two tertiary care centres. They were classified into 4 groups - DM with HF(DM-HF), DM without HF, non-DM with HF(non-DM-HF) and non-DM without HF.