Genome-wide association study uncovers pea candidate genes and metabolic pathways involved in rust resistance.

Pea (Pisum sativum L.) is an important temperate legume crop providing plant-based proteins for food and feed worldwide. Pea yield can be limited by several biotic stresses, among which rust represents a major limiting factor in many temperate and subtropical regions.

Identification of Sources of Resistance to Aphanomyces Root Rot in .

Aphanomyces root rot (ARR), caused by , is one of the most devastating diseases that affect the production of peas. Several control strategies such as crop rotation, biocontrol, and fungicides have been proposed, but none provides a complete solution. Therefore, the deployment of resistant cultivars is fundamental.

Metabolic profiling of pea (Pisum sativum) cultivars in changing environments: Implications for nutritional quality in animal feed.

Field pea seeds have long been recognized as valuable feed ingredients for animal diets, due to their high-quality protein and starch digestibility. However, the chemical composition of pea cultivars can vary across different growing locations, consequently impacting their nutrient profiles. This study employs untargeted metabolomics in conjunction with the quantification of fatty acids and amino acids to explore the influence of three different growing locations in Spain (namely Andalusia, Aragon and Asturias), on the nutritional characteristics of seeds of various pea cultivars.

Genomic prediction for rust resistance in pea.

Genomic selection (GS) has become an indispensable tool in modern plant breeding, particularly for complex traits. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of GS in predicting rust () resistance in pea (), using a panel of 320 pea accessions and a set of 26,045 Silico-Diversity Arrays Technology (Silico-DArT) markers. We compared the prediction abilities of different GS models and explored the impact of incorporating marker × environment (M×E) interaction as a covariate in the GBLUP (genomic best linear unbiased prediction) model.

Genome-Wide Association Studies on Resistance to Pea Weevil: Identification of Novel Sources of Resistance and Associated Markers.

Little resistance to the pea weevil insect pest () is available in pea () cultivars, highlighting the need to search for sources of resistance in germplasm and to decipher the genetic basis of resistance. To address this need, we screened the response to pea weevil in a germplasm collection (324 accession, previously genotyped) under field conditions over four environments. Significant variation for weevil seed infestation (SI) was identified, with resistance being frequent in , followed by ssp.

Improvement of cool-season food legumes for adaptation to intercropping systems: breeding faba bean for intercropping with durum wheat as a case study.

Although the transition toward a more sustainable agricultural system is sparking the interest of scientists and farmers around the globe, breeding programs are still focusing on optimizing cultivars intended for the monoculture system, and most cultivars available on the market are not suitable for intercropping. The incorporation of versatile cool-season food legumes (CSFLs) in the intercropping system is a promising way toward more diversified and sustainable cropping systems. However, as the selection of good-performing cultivars under sole cropping does not always lead to a good performance in intercropping, the development of an alternative breeding scheme for intercropping is now a necessity.

Optimization of inoculum production of Stemphylium botryosum for large-scale resistance screening of lentils.

Background: Stemphylium blight incited by Stemphylium botryosum poses a significant threat to lentil crops worldwide, inducing severe defoliation and causing substantial yield losses in susceptible varieties under favorable conditions. While some moderate levels of resistance have been identified within lentil germplasm, a low number of resistant cultivars are available to farmers. Adding to the common constraints of resistance breeding, a notable challenge is generating a sufficient number of spores for large-scale screenings, which are essential for pinpointing additional sources of resistance for integration into breeding programs.

Genome-wide association study of common resistance to rust species in tetraploid wheat.

Rusts of the genus are wheat pathogens. Stem (black; Sr), leaf (brown; Lr), and stripe (yellow; Yr) rust, caused by f. sp.

Comparative Analysis of Secondary Metabolites Produced by under In Vitro Conditions and Their Phytotoxicity on the Primary Host, , and Related Legume Crops.

Ascochyta blight, caused by , poses a significant threat to faba bean and other legumes worldwide. Necrotic lesions on stems, leaves, and pods characterize the disease. Given the economic impact of this pathogen and the potential involvement of secondary metabolites in symptom development, a study was conducted to investigate the fungus's ability to produce bioactive metabolites that might contribute to its pathogenicity.

Identification of novel sources of partial and incomplete hypersensitive resistance to rust and associated genomic regions in common bean.

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) is one of the legume crops most consumed worldwide and bean rust is one of the most severe foliar biotrophic fungal diseases impacting its production. In this work, we searched for new sources of rust resistance (Uromyces appendiculatus) in a representative collection of the Portuguese germplasm, known to have accessions with an admixed genetic background between Mesoamerican and Andean gene pools. We identified six accessions with incomplete hypersensitive resistance and 20 partially resistant accessions of Andean, Mesoamerican, and admixed origin.

RGB image-based method for phenotyping rust disease progress in pea leaves using R.

Background: Rust is a damaging disease affecting vital crops, including pea, and identifying highly resistant genotypes remains a challenge. Accurate measurement of infection levels in large germplasm collections is crucial for finding new resistance sources. Current evaluation methods rely on visual estimation of disease severity and infection type under field or controlled conditions.

Uncovering Phytotoxic Compounds Produced by spp. Involved in Legume Diseases Using an OSMAC-Metabolomics Approach.

Different fungal species belonging to the genus cause anthracnose disease in a range of major crops, resulting in huge economic losses worldwide. Typical symptoms include dark, sunken lesions on leaves, stems, or fruits. spp.

Resistance Against the Existing and Emerging Pathogens and : A Case of Commonalities or Total Discrepancy?

Powdery mildew on (grass pea) is commonly caused by , the causal agent of pea powdery mildew. could also pose an additional threat to grass pea, as it does to pea (). In order to understand the potential threat and the availability of resistance sources, the response to both pathogens was analyzed on a worldwide germplasm collection of 189 grass pea accessions.

Oligogenic Control of Quantitative Resistance Against Powdery Mildew Revealed in Portuguese Common Bean Germplasm.

Common bean ( L.) is one of the most important food legumes worldwide, and its production is severely affected by fungal diseases such as powdery mildew. Portugal has a diverse germplasm, with accessions of Andean, Mesoamerican, and admixed origin, making it a valuable resource for common bean genetic studies.

High Inter- and Intra- Diversity of Amino Acid Content and Protein Digestibility Disclosed in Five Cool Season Legume Species with a Growing Market Demand.

Legumes have been sought as alternative protein sources to ensure food security and environmental sustainability. Characterizing their protein content and quality, including in underutilized grain legumes, e.g.

Crop Diversification to Control Rust in Faba Bean Caused by .

is a highly specific biotrophic fungus that causes faba bean rust, one of the major diseases affecting this crop. We have assessed the feasibility of using intercropping (faba bean mixed with either pea, wheat or barley) or mixtures of susceptible and resistant cultivars to control rust both under field and controlled conditions. The results of four field intercropping experiments showed a significant reduction in rust severity on faba bean when intercropped with barley (average 22% reduction) but not with the other combinations.

Status of Phytotoxins Isolated from Necrotrophic Fungi Causing Diseases on Grain Legumes.

Fungal phytotoxins can be defined as secondary metabolites toxic to host plants and are believed to be involved in the symptoms developed of a number of plant diseases by targeting host cellular machineries or interfering with host immune responses. As any crop, legumes can be affected by a number of fungal diseases, causing severe yield losses worldwide. In this review, we report and discuss the isolation, chemical, and biological characterization of fungal phytotoxins produced by the most important necrotrophic fungi involved in legume diseases.

Assessing the Stability of Herbicide-Tolerant Lentil Accessions ( Medik.) under Diverse Environments.

Assessing the adaptability and stability of herbicide-tolerant lentil accessions to two broad-spectrum post-emergence herbicides in multi-environment trials has become a must in a breeding program to improve its selection. The adaptability and stability of 42 herbicide-tolerant lentil accessions were investigated using five stability parameters under eight different environments. Significant Genotype-Environment (GE) interaction was found for days to flowering (DFLR), days to maturity (DMAT), and seed yield per plant (SY).

Identification and Characterization of Resistance to Rust in Lentil and Its Wild Relatives.

Lentil rust is a major disease worldwide caused by . In this study, we screened a large germplasm collection of cultivated lentils ( ssp. ) and its wild relatives, both in adult plants in the field with a local rust isolate during 2 seasons and in seedlings under controlled conditions with four fungal isolates of worldwide origin.

Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of a Wide spp. Core Collection.

Peas () are the fourth most cultivated pulses worldwide and a critical source of protein in animal feed and human food. Developing pea core collections improves our understanding of pea evolution and may ease the exploitation of their genetic diversity in breeding programs. We carefully selected a highly diverse pea core collection of 325 accessions and established their genetic diversity and population structure.