Longitudinal transcriptional immune profiles and persistent wheezing in moderate-to-late preterm infants.

Background: Prematurity is associated with an increased risk of persistent wheezing but the underlying mechanisms are not well defined. The aim of this study was to identify blood transcriptional profiles associated with the development of wheezing in a cohort of moderate to late preterm infants and to define immune gene expression changes associated with wheezing.

Materials And Methods: A convenience sample of a multicenter birth cohort (SAREPREM) of moderate-late preterm children followed during the first 3 years of life was analyzed.

Patterns of Genetic And Epigenetic Diversity Across A Range Expansion in The White-Footed Mouse ().

Populations at the leading front of a range expansion must rapidly adapt to novel conditions. Increased epigenetic diversity has been hypothesized to facilitate adaptation and population persistence via non-genetic phenotypic variation, especially if there is reduced genetic diversity when populations expand (i.e.

Museum epigenomics: Characterizing cytosine methylation in historic museum specimens.

Museum genomics has transformed the field of collections-based research, opening up a range of new research directions for paleontological specimens as well as natural history specimens collected over the past few centuries. Recent work demonstrates that it is possible to characterize epigenetic markers such as DNA methylation in well preserved ancient tissues. This approach has not yet been tested in traditionally prepared natural history specimens such as dried bones and skins, the most common specimen types in vertebrate collections.

Recurrent wheezing during the first 3 years of life in a birth cohort of moderate-to-late preterm infants.

Background: Data addressing short- and long-term respiratory morbidity in moderate-late preterm infants are limited. We aim to determine the incidence of recurrent wheezing and associated risk and protective factors in these infants during the first 3 years of life.

Methods: Prospective, multicenter birth cohort study of infants born at 32 to 35  weeks' gestation and followed for 3 years to assess the incidence of physician-diagnosed recurrent wheezing.

Courtship behavior and coloration influence conspicuousness of wolf spiders (Schizocosa ocreata (Hentz)) to avian predators.

Signalers must balance the benefits of detection by intended receivers with the costs of detection by eavesdroppers. This trade-off is exemplified by sexual signaling systems, in which signalers experience sexual selection for conspicuousness to mates as well as natural selection for crypsis to predators. In this study, we examined how courtship behavior and body coloration influenced the conspicuousness of males to avian predators in the well-studied brush-legged wolf spider system (Schizocosa ocreata (Hentz)).

Risk factors for bronchiolitis, recurrent wheezing, and related hospitalization in preterm infants during the first year of life.

Background: Airway diseases are highly prevalent in infants and cause significant morbidity. We aimed to determine the incidence and risk factors for respiratory morbidity in a Spanish cohort of moderate-to-late preterm (MLP) infants prospectively followed during their first year of life.

Methods: SAREPREM is a multicenter, prospective, longitudinal study.

Evidence for scent marking in vervet monkeys?

We used data from two troops of free-ranging vervet monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops) to assess the proposition that the conspicuous chest rubbing observed in this species constitutes scent-marking behavior. Our data indicate that chest-rubbing behavior is associated with higher-ranking males who are more likely to do so during the breeding season in areas where territorial encounters occur. We found no indication that chest rubbing was triggered directly by encounters between troops.