Helical PHILOS plating in shaft humeral fractures with proximal extension: a safe choice using an anterior approach.

Helical plating for humeral shaft fractures has gained popularity in recent years as it avoids iatrogenic nerve damage. A total of 16 patients with humeral shaft fracture involving the metaphyseal proximal part were treated between Dicembrer 2016 and January 2023. Complications such as pseudarthrosis, infections and nerve lesions were investigated during the postoperative period.

MRI Features in Submandibular Gland Chronic Sclerosing Sialadenitis: A Report of Three Cases and Imaging Findings.

Introduction: Chronic sclerosing sialadenitis (Küttner tumor) is a relatively uncommon and often under-recognized cause of salivary gland enlargement, characterised by sclerosing IgG4-related inflammation, producing a hard swelling of the gland that mimics malignancy. The name is tricky and misleading, in fact the disease has no histological features of malignancy, but still it cannot easily be distinguished from cancer because of its hard consistency to touch.

Case Reports: We aim to report three cases of Küttner tumor and to review morphological MRI features (homogeneous T1- and T2-hypointensity, homogeneous contrast enhancement) and diffusion weighted imaging findings (low ADC values) which can help radiologists to reach the correct diagnosis.

Correlation between histogram-based DCE-MRI parameters and 18F-FDG PET values in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma: Evaluation in primary tumors and metastatic nodes.

Objectives: To investigate the correlation between histogram-based Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) parameters and positron emission tomography with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG-PET) values in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC), both in primary tumors (PTs) and in metastatic lymph nodes (LNs).

Methods: 52 patients with a new pathologically-confirmed OPSCC were included in the present retrospective cohort study. Imaging including DCE-MRI and 18F-FDG PET/CT scans were acquired in all patients.

Preventive skin analgesia with lidocaine patch for management of post-thoracotomy pain: Results of a randomized, double blind, placebo controlled study.

Background: To evaluate whether pre-emptive skin analgesia using a lidocaine patch 5% would improve the effects of systemic morphine analgesia for controlling acute post-thoracotomy pain.

Methods: This was a double-blind, placebo controlled, prospective study. Patients were randomly assigned to receive lidocaine 5% patch (lidocaine group) or a placebo (placebo group) three days before thoracotomy.

Brain DSC MR Perfusion in Children: A Clinical Feasibility Study Using Different Technical Standards of Contrast Administration.

Background And Purpose: Dynamic susceptibility contrast MR perfusion imaging has limited results in children due to difficulties in reproducing technical standards derived from adults. This prospective, multicenter study aimed to determine DSC feasibility and quality in children using custom administration of a standard dose of gadolinium.

Materials And Methods: Eighty-three consecutive children with brain tumors underwent DSC perfusion with a standard dose of gadobutrol administered by an automated power injector.

Three-dimensional (3D) Printed Model to Plan the Endoscopic Treatment of Upper Airway Stenosis.

Background: Endoscopic management of tracheal stenosis may be challenging, especially in the case of complex stenosis placed near the vocal folds, and needing stent placement. Herein, we evaluated the utility of the three-dimensional (3D) airway model for procedural planning in a consecutive series of patients with complex airway stenosis and scheduled for endoscopic treatment.

Methods: This strategy was applied to 7 consecutive patients with tracheal stenosis unfit for surgery.

Antibiotic prophylaxis in neutropenic children with acute leukemia: Do the presently available data really support this practice?

Antibiotics are frequently administered for prophylaxis of fever in neutropenic children with cancer. This strategy is mainly derived from adults' data, and various pediatric studies evidenced the effectiveness of antibiotics (eg, fluoroquinolones) in the prevention of febrile neutropenia. However, only two pediatric randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials have been performed, with a total of 262 leukemic children enrolled, and no other one was ever powered for analyzing effectiveness over other infectious complications.

Bronchoscopic lung volume reduction with endobronchial valves for heterogeneous emphysema: long-term results.

Background: Bronchoscopic lung volume reduction (BLVR) with implant of one-way endobronchial valves (EBV) is a feasible treatment for management of heterogeneous emphysema (HE) with clinical benefits in the early follow-up. We aimed to evaluate the long-terms results and safety of this procedure in a consecutive series of patients with HE.

Methods: It was a retrospective single center study including all consecutive patients with HE undergoing EBV treatment and completing at least 5 years of long-term follow-up.

Lack of efficacy of Lactobacillus GG in reducing pulmonary exacerbations and hospital admissions in children with cystic fibrosis: A randomised placebo controlled trial.

Background: Intestinal dysbiosis has been described in Cystic Fibrosis (CF) and probiotics have been proposed to restore microbial composition. Aim of the study was to investigate the effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) on clinical outcomes in children with cystic fibrosis (CF).

Methods: A multicentre, randomised double-blind, clinical trial was conducted in children with CF.

Endoscopic treatment with fibrin glue of post-intubation tracheal laceration.

Post-intubation tracheal laceration (PITL) is a rare and potential life-threatening condition requiring prompt diagnosis and treatment. A conservative treatment is indicated in patients with laceration <2 cm in length while surgery is the treatment of choice for laceration >4 cm. For laceration between 2-4 cm, the best treatment is debate; some authors recommend surgery while others do not definitely exclude endoscopic treatment.

Neuroradiology of human prion diseases, diagnosis and differential diagnosis.

Human transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), or prion diseases, are invariably fatal conditions associated with a range of clinical presentations. TSEs are classified as sporadic [e.g.

Gastrointestinal and liver infections in children undergoing antineoplastic chemotherapy in the years 2000.

Aim: To review gastrointestinal and liver infections in children undergoing antineoplastic chemotherapy. To look at gut microflora features in oncology children.

Methods: We selected studies published after year 2000, excluding trials on transplanted pediatric patients.

Reduced central line infection rates in children with leukemia following caregiver training: A quality improvement study.

Infections are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children with acute leukemia. Central-line (CL) devices increase this population's risk of serious infections.Within the context of a quality improvement (QI) project, we tested the effect of caregiver education on CL management on the CL-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) rate among children with acute leukemia seen at a large referral center in Italy.

Disrupted intestinal microbiota and intestinal inflammation in children with cystic fibrosis and its restoration with Lactobacillus GG: a randomised clinical trial.

Background & Aims: Intestinal inflammation is a hallmark of cystic fibrosis (CF). Administration of probiotics can reduce intestinal inflammation and the incidence of pulmonary exacerbations. We investigated the composition of intestinal microbiota in children with CF and analyzed its relationship with intestinal inflammation.

Composition and roles of intestinal microbiota in children.

Objective: To provide an update of the advantages of new-generation molecular diagnostics to study the diversity of intestinal microflora and to evaluate its alteration in human diseases.

Methods: We review recent advances in understanding the complex ecosystem of gut microbiota based on a dynamic and mutual interaction with the host.

Results: In vaginal delivery, the contact with the mother's vaginal and intestinal flora is an important source of Lactobacillus, Prevotella and other Bifidobacterium.

Polar Effects on Ion Transport and Cell Proliferation Induced by GC-C Ligands in Intestinal Epithelial Cells.

Guanylin receptor guanylate cyclase (GC-C) peaks in neonatal intestine and is involved in either enterocyte proliferation or chloride secretion. The latter is more potent when GC-C activator guanylin, or its analog Escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin (ST), is added to the mucosal rather than serosal side of intestinal monolayers. By using Ussing chambers, we investigated transepithelial ion transport and enterocyte proliferation and their mechanisms in response to the addition of guanylin or ST to the mucosal or serosal side of Caco-2 monolayers and in ileal specimens from neonates.

Pandemic flu: a comparative evaluation of clinical, laboratory, and radiographic findings in HIV-positive and negative children.

Eleven HIV-infected and 30 otherwise healthy children hospitalized for H1N1 influenza were studied. Leukopenia was recorded in 64% of HIV-infected and in 20% of healthy children (P = 0.01).

Isolated liver transplantation for treatment of liver failure secondary to intestinal failure.

Intestinal Failure is a permanent loss of digestive and absorptive functions as a consequence of short bowel syndrome and/or other primary intestinal conditions. Patients with intestinal failure (IF) require long term parenteral nutrition to survive. The only alternative to parenteral nutrition is intestinal transplantation which still entails high mortality.

Molecular adsorbents recirculating system treatment in acute-on-chronic hepatitis patients on the transplant waiting list improves model for end-stage liver disease scores.

Background: The aim of our study was to show an improvement in Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score after treatment with Molecular adsorbents recirculating system (MARS) in acute-on-chronic hepatitis (AoCHF) patients. MELD was adopted to determine the prognosis of patients with liver chronic desease. We evaluated the possibility to improve the MELD score of patients awaiting liver transplantation using a liver support device, namely, MARS.

[Treatment of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura with danazol].

Purpose: To assess the response to danazol in our patient population with ITP.

Patients And Methods: We evaluated 17 patients with ITP (11 women and 6 men) with average age 67.3 +/- 9.

[Idiopathic myelofibrosis with extramedullary hematopoiesis foci in the skin and testicles. Report of a case].

Idiopathic myelofibrosis (IMF) is a clonal chronic myeloproliferative syndrome characterized by the proliferation of the three haemopoietic series and the marrow connective tissue and by the development of extramedullary haemopoiesis in the liver, spleen and lymph nodes. Cutaneous extramedullary haemopoiesis is an uncommon event and we could not find any reported cases of testicular involvement in this disease. We report the case of a 28 year-old male with diagnosis of idiopathic myelofibrosis in November 1988.