MicroRNA-23b and microRNA-27b plus flutamide treatment enhances apoptosis rate and decreases CCNG1 expression in a castration-resistant prostate cancer cell line.

The acquisition of a castration-resistant prostate cancer phenotype by prostate cancer cells is the alteration that has the worst prognosis for patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of the microRNAs-23b/-27b as well as the possible CCNG1 target gene in tissue samples from patients with localized prostate cancer that progressed to castration-resistant prostate cancer and in a castration-resistant prostate cancer cell line (PC-3). The microRNAs and target gene expression levels of the surgical specimens were analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Low serum testosterone is a predictor of high-grade disease in patients with prostate cancer.

Objective: To evaluate the relation between serum total testosterone (TT) and prostate cancer (PCa) grade and the effect of race and demographic characteristics on such association.

Method: We analyzed 695 patients undergoing radical prostatectomy (RP), of whom 423 had serum TT collected. Patients were classified as having hypogonadism or eugonadism based on two thresholds of testosterone: threshold 1 (300 ng/dL) and threshold 2 (250 ng/dL).

Retroperitoneoscopic pyelolithotomy: a good alternative treatment for renal pelvic calculi in children.

Introduction: Nephrolitiasis, once considered an adult disease, has become increasingly prevalent in children, with na increase from 6% to 10 % annually in past 25 years. Kidney stones in pediatric population can result from metabolic diseases in up to 50% of children affected. Other factors associated with litiasis are infection, dietary factors, and anatomic malformations of urinary tract.