Comparing the Fagerström Test and Heaviness of Smoking Index in Predicting Smoking Abstinence in Cancer Patients.

Introduction: People with cancer who smoke exhibit greater cigarette dependence than people without cancer who smoke, a crucial factor in smoking cessation. Research is limited on the predictive potential of the Fagerström Test for Cigarette Dependence (FTCD) and the Heaviness of Smoking Index (HSI) on smoking abstinence in cancer patients undergoing smoking cessation treatment.

Aims And Methods: We analyzed data from 5934 cancer patients seeking smoking cessation treatment at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (female 52.

Loneliness in adolescence and prescription of psychotropic drugs in adulthood: 23-year longitudinal population-based and registry study.

Background: The role of adolescent loneliness in adult mental health and prescriptions of psychotropic drugs remains underexplored.

Aims: We aim to determine whether (a) experiencing loneliness in adolescence and (b) changes in loneliness from adolescence to adulthood are prospectively associated with prescriptions for a variety of psychotropic drugs in adulthood.

Method: We used data from a Norwegian population-based sample with 2602 participants, collected across four waves between 1992 and 2006.

Within-person prospective associations between disordered eating, appearance dissatisfaction, and depressive symptoms from adolescence to midlife: A 28-year longitudinal population-based study.

Appearance dissatisfaction and depressive symptoms are considered key risk factors of disordered eating. However, their etiological status is equivocal; previous longitudinal studies have not accounted for time-invariant confounding effects and have not considered potential reverse temporal influences. In addition, whether associations differ between developmental periods and genders has remained untested.

Polysubstance use and its correlation with psychosocial and health risk behaviours among more than 95,000 Norwegian adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic (January to May 2021): a latent profile analysis.

Background: Polysubstance use represents an adolescent health risk; however, large-scale studies investigating this issue during the COVID-19 pandemic are scarce. We aim to (i) characterise substance use profiles among adolescents and (ii) identify correlates of such substance use profiles.

Methods: Norwegian nationwide survey data from 2021 were analysed using latent profile analysis.

Sleep quality as a mediator of the relation between depression and chronic pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Chronic pain and depression represent two global health problems with considerable economic consequences. Although existing literature reports on the relation between depression and pain conditions, meta-analytic evidence backing the mediating role of sleep disturbance as one of the main symptoms of depression is scarce. To examine the extent to which sleep disturbance mediates the depression-chronic pain association, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the associations of chronic pain, depression, and sleep quality.

Body image concerns in long-term head and neck cancer survivors: prevalence and role of clinical factors and patient-reported late effects.

Purpose: Head and neck cancer (HNC) patients are at risk of long-term body image distress (BID). We aimed to investigate the severity of BID in long-term HNC survivors and to explore the associations between sociodemographic and clinical factors, patient-reported late effects, and cancer-related body image (BI) concerns.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included quality of life and BI assessment in an 8-year (SD = 1.

Prospective associations between loneliness and disordered eating from early adolescence to adulthood.

Objective: Despite findings from numerous cross-sectional studies suggesting a substantial association between loneliness and different types of disordered eating, much remains unknown about the impact of confounding, the order of cause and effect, and gender differences in the relationship. Thus, this study followed a large, population-based, mixed-gender sample through adolescence and young adulthood, applying a random intercept cross-lagged panel model (RI-CLPM) approach to examine the bidirectional prospective associations between loneliness and disordered eating while ruling out the effect of unmeasured time-invariant confounders.

Method: A Norwegian sample of N = 2933 adolescents (54.

Worries About COVID-19 and Adolescents' Mental Health and Life Satisfaction: The Role of Sociodemographics and Social Support.

Worries related to the COVID-19 pandemic are associated with mental health problems and reduced life satisfaction. However, the association between different types of worries about COVID-19 and adolescent mental health is unclear. Moreover, there is a lack of information about whether certain groups of adolescents are more vulnerable to the adverse effects of worries and how social support may moderate these effects.

Adolescents' psychosocial well-being one year after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in Norway.

The COVID-19 pandemic has dramatically restricted adolescents' lives. We used nationwide Norwegian survey data from 2014-2021 (N = 227,258; ages 13-18) to examine psychosocial outcomes in adolescents before and during the pandemic. Multilevel models revealed higher depressive symptoms and less optimistic future life expectations during the pandemic, even when accounting for the measures' time trends.

Development and Validation of a Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Questionnaire on Antibiotic Use in Arabic and French Languages in Lebanon.

Objectives: Validated knowledge-attitude-practice (KAP) questionnaires are essential to design and evaluate intervention programs on antibiotic use. Recently, we validated the first KAP questionnaire on antibiotics in Spain. Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of research tools increase their universal usefulness.

Validation of the Arabic and French Versions of a Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices (KAP) Questionnaire on Tranquilizer Misuse.

Tranquilizer misuse is an emerging international public health concern. The psychosocial determinants of this misuse remain understudied. Instruments to measure the Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices (KAP) of tranquilizer misuse are unavailable, except for a recently published questionnaire validated in the Spanish language.

Development and validation of a knowledge, attitude and practice questionnaire of personal use of tranquilizers.

Background: Tranquilizer misuse is insufficiently acknowledged as a public health problem despite its alarming consequences. Instruments to measure psychosocial factors related to tranquilizer misuse are lacking. We aimed to develop and validate a Knowledge, Attitude and Practice questionnaire of tranquilizer misuse by adults in Spain.

Causes of smoking relapse in the 12 months after smoking cessation treatment: Affective and cigarette dependence-related factors.

Despite advances in smoking cessation treatments, smoking relapse remains common. Experiencing positive or negative affect and cigarette dependence are the most common causes of relapse; however, little is known about the characteristics that increase the risk of relapse from these causes among current treatment-seeking smokers. Thus, this study aimed to identify the most frequent causes of relapse and the individual characteristics that increase the risk of relapse from these causes during a 12-month period after smoking cessation.

Treatment completion and anxiety sensitivity effects on smoking cessation outcomes.

Introduction: Treatment completion is associated with abstinence outcomes in smoking cessation interventions. Previous research has stated that anxiety sensitivity (AS) is associated with smoking-related variables and smoking-cessation outcomes. To date, research has not examined the interaction between AS and treatment completion on smoking-cessation outcomes over time.

Design, reliability and construct validity of a Knowledge, Attitude and Practice questionnaire on personal use of antibiotics in Spain.

Numerous questionnaires are available on Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices (KAP) towards antibiotics' use by adults, but none of these questionnaires is fully validated. We undertook an exhaustive literature review to design a comprehensive KAP questionnaire concerning the personal use of antibiotics in Galicia, North Spain. The Item Content Validity Index (I-CVI) and modified Kappa statistic (K*), confirmed the content validity of the questions (0.

The synergetic effect of alcohol consumption and cigarettes per day on smoking outcomes expectancies among Latinx adult smokers.

The present study investigated alcohol consumption and cigarettes per day in relation to smoking outcome expectancies among Spanish-speaking Latinx daily smokers ( = 371). There was a significant interaction between alcohol consumption and number of cigarettes per day on positive smoking expectancies. Specifically, alcohol consumption has a stronger association with positive expectancies for smoking at lower rates of cigarettes per day.

Mediational mechanisms involved in the relation between attachment insecurity and depression: A meta-analysis.

Background: Several studies have investigated the intermediate variables or mediators through which attachment insecurity influence the development of depression. However, there has not been a systematic synthesis of this literature to date. The current meta-analytic review aimed at identifying such mediators and quantifying their effect size.

A multiple mediation model of trait worry and hazardous drinking among treatment-seeking smokers: the roles of coping and conformity drinking motives.

Alcohol use is associated with poorer smoking cessation-related outcomes, and smokers with elevated levels of worry experience greater smoking cessation problems. Yet, little is known about the explanatory mechanisms that may underlie the relationship between trait worry and hazardous drinking among smokers. Therefore, this study explored the explanatory roles of coping and conformity drinking motives in the relationship between trait worry and hazardous drinking outcomes including alcohol consumption, alcohol problems, maximum number of drinks, and the number of prior alcohol quit attempts among treatment-seeking smokers.

Environmental reward and depressive symptoms in the relationship between avoidance and cigarette dependence in treatment-seeking smokers.

Background: The current study sought to further examine the relation between avoidance, environmental reward, depressive symptoms and cigarette dependence.

Method: The sample included 275 adult treatment-seeking daily smokers (M age = 45.36, SD = 10.

Behavioral activation and smoking cessation outcomes: The role of depressive symptoms.

Introduction: Depressive symptoms are related to smoking cessation outcomes. We examined the effects of behavioral activation (BA), as part of a cognitive behavioral intervention to quit smoking, in terms of abstinence rates according to depressive symptom level. We also analyzed whether BA could differentially benefit participants with higher versus lower anhedonia.

Effect of Depressive Symptoms and Sex on the Relationship Between Loneliness and Cigarette Dependence: A Moderated Mediation.

Loneliness is a subjective and emotionally unpleasant experience of perceiving insufficient social relationships. Previous research has revealed that loneliness constitutes a psychosocial risk factor for depression, and is also related to unhealthy behaviors such as smoking. This study aims to examine the relation between loneliness, depression, and cigarette dependence, and to explore the role of sex in this relationship.

Cognitive-behavioral treatment with behavioral activation for smoking cessation: Randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: Behavioral Activation is a behavioral-based treatment that has been proposed as suitable for smoking cessation, as it simultaneously addresses reinforcement-related variables and also mood management. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of a cognitive-behavioral smoking cessation treatment with components of behavioral activation (SCBSCT-BA) with a standard cognitive-behavioral treatment (SCBSCT), and a wait-list control group (WL).

Method: The sample was comprised of 275 adults smokers (61.

Acculturative stress and alcohol use among Latinx recruited from a primary care clinic: Moderations by emotion dysregulation.

Among Latinx in the United States, alcohol is the most widely abused substance and is associated with a range of negative consequences. Acculturative stress is one factor that is relevant regarding Latinx substance use although more work is needed in this area. In theory, those with more adaptive emotion regulation capabilities may be better able to buffer against the adverse effects of acculturative stress on alcohol use because the person has more and better strategies to deal with life stress.

Perceived Racial Discrimination and Pain Intensity/Disability Among Economically Disadvantaged Latinos in a Federally Qualified Health Center: The Role of Anxiety Sensitivity.

The present study examined the role of anxiety sensitivity (AS; fear of the negative consequences of anxiety) in the relation between perceived racial discrimination and pain-related problems among Latinos seeking health services at a Federally Qualified Health Center. Participants included 145 adult Latinos (87.80% female, M = 38.