Optimizing Medical Care during a Nerve Agent Mass Casualty Incident Using Computer Simulation.

Introduction: Chemical mass casualty incidents (MCIs) pose a substantial threat to public health and safety, with the capacity to overwhelm healthcare infrastructure and create societal disorder. Computer simulation systems are becoming an established mechanism to validate these plans due to their versatility, cost-effectiveness and lower susceptibility to ethical problems.

Methods: We created a computer simulation model of an urban subway sarin attack analogous to the 1995 Tokyo sarin incident.

On the Fused Deposition Modelling of Personalised Bio-Scaffolds: Materials, Design, and Manufacturing Aspects.

Bone tissue engineering (BTE) is an important field of research, essential in order to heal bone defects or replace impaired tissues and organs. As one of the most used additive manufacturing processes, 3D printing can produce biostructures in the field of tissue engineering for bones, orthopaedic tissues, and organs. Scaffold manufacturing techniques and suitable materials with final structural, mechanical properties, and the biological response of the implanted biomaterials are an essential part of BTE.

Analysis of barriers affecting Industry 4.0 implementation: An interpretive analysis using total interpretive structural modeling (TISM) and Fuzzy MICMAC.

The purpose of this study is to build a structural relationship model based on total interpretive structural modeling (TISM) and fuzzy input-based cross-impact matrix multiplication applied to classification (MICMAC) for analysis and prioritization of the barriers influencing the implementation of Industry 4.0 technologies. 10 crucial barriers that affect the deployment of Industry 4.

Ex-Gaussian analysis of simple response time as a measure of information processing speed and the relationship with brain morphometry in multiple sclerosis.

Background: The polyfactorial nature of the widely used symbol digit modalities test (SDMT) introduces significant measurement challenges in characterizing information processing speed (IPS) deficits in multiple sclerosis (MS). Measures with high psychometric IPS-specificity and less contamination from other cognitive domains are necessary to fully understand IPS changes.

Objective: Investigate how three mathematical modeling ex-Gaussian parameter estimates (mu, sigma, tau) derived from a simple response time (RT) task (1) differentiate MS from healthy control participants and (2) correspond to structural brain changes, to evaluate a novel IPS measurement approach.

3D Modeling of the Crystalline Lens Complex under Pseudoexfoliation.

Pseudoexfoliation, one of the most frequent crystalline lens complex disorders, is prevalent in up to 30% of individuals older than 60 years old. This disease can lead to severe conditions, such as subluxation or dislocation of the lens, due to the weakening of the zonules. The goal for the present study was to understand the relevant biomechanical features that can lead to the worsening of an individual's visual capacity under pseudoexfoliation.

Isolation, chemical characterization, and anti-inflammatory activity of coumarins, flavonoids, and terpenes from .

is widely used in traditional Mexican medicine for several disorders, including those associated with inflammation. In this work, fifteen compounds were identified (-) from . Some of these compounds (-, , -) were detected for the first time in the plant, and quercetagetin 7--β-(6''-Protocatecoyl) glucopyranoside () has been identified for any plant species.

Towards food systems transformation-five paradigm shifts for healthy, inclusive and sustainable food systems.

Food systems must serve different societal, public health and individual nutrition, and environmental objectives and therefore face numerous challenges. Considering the integrated performances of food systems, this paper highlights five fundamental paradigm shifts that are required to overcome trade-offs and build synergies between health and nutrition, inclusive livelihoods, environmental sustainability and food system resilience. We focus on the challenges to raise policy ambitions, to harmonize production and consumption goals, to improve connectivity between them, to strengthen food system performance and to anchor the governance of food systems in inclusive policies and participatory institutions.

The History of Pediatric and Adult Hearing Screening.

Objectives/hypothesis: To document the history of hearing seeing in children and adults.

Study Design: A literature search in all languages was carried out with the terms of hearing screening from the following sources: Pub Med, Science Direct, World Catalog, Index Medicus, Google scholar, Google Books, National Library of Medicine, Welcome historical library and The Library of Congress.

Methods: The primary sources consisting of books, scientific reports, public documents, governmental reports, and other written material were analyzed to document the history of hearing screening.

Numerical-experimental analysis of the permeability-porosity relationship in triply periodic minimal surfaces scaffolds.

Bone Tissue Engineering has been focusing on improving the current methods for bone repair, being the use of scaffolds presented as an upgrade to traditional surgery techniques. Scaffolds are artificially porous matrices, meant to promote cell seeding and proliferation, being these properties influenced by the permeability of the structure. This work employed experimental pressure drop tests and Computational Fluid Dynamics models to assess permeability (and fluid streamlines) within different triply periodic minimal surfaces scaffold geometries (Schwarz D, Gyroid and Schwarz P).

Reconstruction of Panoramic Dental Images Through Bézier Function Optimization.

Computed tomography (CT) and X-ray images have been extensively used as a valuable diagnostic tool in dentistry for surgical planning and treatment. Nowadays, dental cone beam CT has been extensively used in dental clinics. Therefore, it is possible to employ three-dimensional (3D) data from the CT to reconstruct a two-dimensional (2D) panoramic dental image that provides a longitudinal view of the mandibular region of the patient, avoiding an additional exposure to X-ray.

Correction to: The Developing Concept of Tonotopic Organization of the Inner Ear.

The email address for Robert J. Ruben should be rruben@montefiore.org.