Utility of a large language model for extraction of clinical findings from healthcare data following lung ablation: A feasibility study.

To assess the feasibility of utilizing a large language model (LLM) in extracting clinically relevant information from healthcare data in patients who have undergone lung microwave tumor ablation (MWA). In this single-center retrospective study, radiological reports and clinic notes of 20 patients were extracted, up to 12 months post-treatment. Utilizing a LLM (GPT 3.

Transarterial Embolization for the Management of Emergent Hemoptysis in Patients With Primary and Metastatic Lung Tumors.

Objectives: To evaluate the role of systemic arterial embolization in patients with primary and metastatic lung tumors presenting with hemoptysis requiring emergent management.

Patients And Methods: This retrospective single-center study evaluated patients undergoing transarterial embolization for emergent hemoptysis. Endpoints included technical success, clinical success and overall survival.

Percutaneous cryoablation of abdominal wall endometriosis: a systematic literature review of safety and efficacy.

Purpose: To investigate over 10 years the safety and efficacy of percutaneous cryoablation for the treatment of abdominal wall endometriosis (AWE).

Methods: A systematic review was conducted of literature published between March 2014 and March 2024. Inclusion criteria focused on treatment efficacy studies, while exclusion criteria targeted case reports and studies lacking pertinent outcome data.

Percutaneous cryoablation in soft tissue tumor management: an educational review.

Background: Percutaneous cryoablation (PCA), having shown effectiveness in treating liver, lung, prostate, breast, and kidney tumors, is now gaining attention for the treatment of soft tissue tumors. PCA functions by freezing tissue, which induces ice crystal formation and cell death without damaging collagen structures. Technical considerations include the selection and handling of cryoprobes and cryogenic agents, procedural duration, and choice of image guidance for precision.

Microwave Ablation of Refractory Oligometastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer in the Liver.

Purpose: To evaluate safety and effectiveness of microwave ablation (MWA) in the treatment of liver metastases (LMs) secondary to non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study included patients with NSCLC who underwent MWA of LM from March 2015 to July 2022. Local tumor progression-free survival (LTPFS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated using competing risk analysis and the Kaplan-Meier method.

Non-emergent hemoptysis in patients with primary or metastatic lung tumors: The role of transarterial embolization.

Purpose: To evaluate the role of systemic arterial embolization for the management of non-emergent hemoptysis in patients with primary or metastatic lung tumors.

Materials And Methods: This is a retrospective single center study of consecutive patients who underwent systemic arterial embolization for non-emergent hemoptysis between 2011 and 2023. Study endpoints included technical success, clinical success (partial or complete resolution of hemoptysis) and overall survival.

Extraction and classification of structured data from unstructured hepatobiliary pathology reports using large language models: a feasibility study compared with rules-based natural language processing.

Aims: Structured reporting in pathology is not universally adopted and extracting elements essential to research often requires expensive and time-intensive manual curation. The accuracy and feasibility of using large language models (LLMs) to extract essential pathology elements, for cancer research is examined here.

Methods: Retrospective study of patients who underwent pathology sampling for suspected hepatocellular carcinoma and underwent Ytrrium-90 embolisation.

Conversion Therapy to Transplant or Surgical Resection in Patients with Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated with Boosted Dose of Yttrium-90 Radiation Segmentectomy.

Background/objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of boosted dose yttrium-90 radioembolization (TARE) as a modality for conversion therapy to transplant or surgical resection in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: In this single-center retrospective study, all patients with a diagnosis of HCC who were treated with boosted dose TARE (>190 Gy) between January 2013 and December 2023 were reviewed. Treatment response and decrease in tumor size were assessed with the RECIST v1.

Adjusted Tumor Enhancement on Dual-Phase Cone-Beam CT: Predictor of Response and Overall Survival in Patients with Liver Malignancies Treated with Hepatic Artery Embolization.

The aim of this study was to examine the value of tumor enhancement parameters on dual-phase cone-beam CT (CBCT) in predicting initial response, local progression-free survival (L-PFS) and overall survival (OS) following hepatic artery embolization (HAE). Between Feb 2016 and Feb 2023, 13 patients with 29 hepatic tumors treated with HAE were analyzed. Pre- and post-embolization, subtracted CBCTs were performed, and tumor enhancement parameters were measured, resulting in three parameters: pre-embolization Adjusted Tumor Enhancement (pre-ATE), post-embolization ATE and the difference between pre- and post-ATE (∆ATE).

Embolization of Middle Meningeal Arteries for Symptomatic Subacute Subdural Hematoma in Patients with Cancer.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the technical and clinical success of middle meningeal artery (MMA) embolization performed for symptomatic subacute subdural hematoma (SDH) in patients with cancer.

Methods: This study retrospectively included 23 consecutive patients (12 men, 11 women; median age 61 years, interquartile range: 55.5-75.

Interventional Oncology: 2024 Update.

Interventional Oncology (IO) stands at the forefront of transformative cancer care, leveraging advanced imaging technologies and innovative interventions. This narrative review explores recent developments within IO, highlighting its potential impact facilitated by artificial intelligence (AI), personalized medicine and imaging innovations. The integration of AI in IO holds promise for accelerating tumour detection and characterization, guiding treatment strategies and refining predictive models.

Successful Endovascular Management of an Arterioureteral Fistula Presenting with Massive Hematuria in a Failed Renal Transplant.

Renal transplantation is a common surgical intervention for end-stage renal failure. Arterioureteral fistula (AUF) is a rare but important cause of gross hematuria that can be difficult to diagnose and associated with high morbidity and mortality. We report a case of a 68-year-old woman presenting with acute or chronic hematuria on a background of two renal transplants.

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the cauda equina: a rare entity.

Primary involvement of the spinal cord by non-Hodgkin lymphoma is exceptionally rare. We report one such case in a 46-year-old gentleman which was successfully treated with surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy.

Verbal Memory Decline following DBS for Parkinson's Disease: Structural Volumetric MRI Relationships.

Background: Parkinson's disease is a chronic degenerative movement disorder. The mainstay of treatment is medical. In certain patients Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) may be offered.

Registration Accuracy of CT/MRI Fusion for Localisation of Deep Brain Stimulation Electrode Position: An Imaging Study and Systematic Review.

Background: Postoperative imaging is essential for verifying electrode location in patients undergoing deep brain stimulation (DBS). MRI offers better visualisation of brain targets, but concerns about adverse events have limited its use. Preoperative stereotactic MRI fused with a postoperative stereotactic CT, demonstrating the electrode position, is now widely used.

Large bowel obstruction secondary to adhesive bands.

Large bowel obstruction (LBO) is most commonly due to malignancy, volvulus, hernia, diverticular disease and inflammatory bowel disease. LBO due to adhesions is unusual. A literature review was conducted which revealed that only a few such cases have been reported.

Subcortical structure volumes and correlation to clinical variables in Parkinson's disease.

Background And Purpose: MRI studies in Parkinson's Disease have shown volumetric reductions of subcortical structures such as the thalamus, putamen, globus pallidus, and caudate nucleus. However, there are no studies which look at the relationship between subcortical structure volumes and clinical variables, such as age and motor severity scores.

Methods: Brain MRI scans of 47 consecutive PD patients undergoing deep brain stimulation was acquired.