A Real-Time Embedded System for Driver Drowsiness Detection Based on Visual Analysis of the Eyes and Mouth Using Convolutional Neural Network and Mouth Aspect Ratio.

Currently, the number of vehicles in circulation continues to increase steadily, leading to a parallel increase in vehicular accidents. Among the many causes of these accidents, human factors such as driver drowsiness play a fundamental role. In this context, one solution to address the challenge of drowsiness detection is to anticipate drowsiness by alerting drivers in a timely and effective manner.

Fuzzy Controller Implemented for Movement of a Tendon-Driven 3D Robotic Lumbar Spine Mechanism.

Notable efforts have been devoted to the development of biomechanical models of the spine, so the development of a motion system to control the spine becomes expressively relevant. This paper presents a fuzzy controller to manipulate the movement of a 3D robotic mechanism of the lumbar spine, which is driven by tendons. The controller was implemented in Matlab/Simulink R2023a software, MathWorks (Brazil), considering mathematical modeling based on the Lagrangian methodology for simulating the behavior of the lumbar spine dynamic movement.