Measuring patient safety climate in operating rooms: Validation of the Spanish version of the hospital survey on patient safety.

Objective: The measurement of patient safety climate within hospitals, and specifically in operating rooms is a basic tool for the development of the patient's safety policy. There are no validated Spanish versions of instruments to measure safety climate. The objective of this research was to validate the Spanish version of the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety (HSOPS®), with the addition of a module for surgical units, to evaluate the patient safety climate in operating rooms.

Effects of a high-intensity interval training program versus a moderate-intensity continuous training program on maximal oxygen uptake and blood pressure in healthy adults: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Participation in aerobic exercise generates increased cardiorespiratory fitness, which results in a protective factor for cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality. High-intensity interval training might cause higher increases in cardiorespiratory fitness in comparison with moderate-intensity continuous training; nevertheless, current evidence is not conclusive. To our knowledge, this is the first study to test the effect of high-intensity interval training with total load duration of 7.

[Colombia: what has happened with its health reform?].

The health reform adopted in Colombia in 1993 was promoted by different agencies as the model to follow in matters of health policy. Following the guidelines of the Washington Consensus and the World Bank, the Government of Colombia, with the support of national political and economic elites, reorganized the management of health services based on market principles, dismantled the state system, increased finances of the sector, assigned the management of the system to the private sector, segmented the provision of services, and promoted interaction of actors in a competitive scheme of low regulation. After 20 years of implementation, the Colombian model shows serious flaws and is an object of controversy.

[Variation in NK cell number and function in individuals with recurrent or severe infections].

Introduction: The information about defects affecting natural killer cell (NK) development and activity in patients with an abnormal increase of recurrent infections is scarce.

Objective: To perform a systematic analysis of NK abnormalities in patients with recurrent infections.

Materials And Methods: Our study enrolled twenty patients with severe or recurrent viral infections.

[Characteristics of hospital care and its relationship to severe maternal morbidity in Medellín, Colombia].

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine whether there is an association between severe maternal mortality (SMM) and the characteristics of access to and use of obstetric services by the participating women.

Methods: A study of cases and controls was conducted in a group of 600 women who were attended during pregnancy or the puerperium between 2011 and 2012 by obstetric services located in Medellín, Colombia. The study considered cases (n = 150) in obstetric patients who met the criteria for SMM established by the surveillance system being used in Medellín at the time of their admission.

[Paradigms in the analysis of public health policies: limitations and challenges].

Research on health policies is considered essential to ensure the effectiveness and efficiency of public policies. Analyses of public health policies have various objectives, including helping to solve the problems for which the policy was originated. That objective faces two large obstacles: (1) the ambiguity and heterogeneity of the models applied for the analysis of public policies, conditions that hinder the selection of analytical methods and the assessment of the scope of the objective; and (2) the traditional methodological approaches that limit the capacity of analyses to help solve the problems detected.

[Design and comparative analysis of an inventory of avoidable mortality indicators specific to health conditions in Colombia].

Objectives: To develop a list of indicators of avoidable mortality (LIAM) in order to analyze failed efforts to control the mortality risks prevalent in Colombia, and to compare its results to those of two widely-used approaches.

Methods: The official mortality records of Colombia for 1985-2001 were reviewed; the basic causes of death were classified according to the ICD-9. Indicators of avoidable mortality (AM) were selected using an algorithm that combined the lists of Holland and Taucher, the definition of Rutstein and colleagues, and the principle of Uemura.