Pyogenic Liver Abscess and the Important Role of Point-of-Care Ultrasound (POCUS) in Daily Practice: A Report of Two Cases.

A pyogenic liver abscess (PLA) is uncommon and a potentially life-threatening condition. Clinical manifestations and laboratory investigations can be non-specific and the detection of PLAs requires imaging, which can often be delayed. Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) is now becoming more widely adopted and plays an important role in clinical practice.

Osmotic stress induces formation of both liquid condensates and amyloids by a yeast prion domain.

Liquid protein condensates produced by phase separation are involved in the spatiotemporal control of cellular functions, while solid fibrous aggregates (amyloids) are associated with diseases and/or manifest as infectious or heritable elements (prions). Relationships between these assemblies are poorly understood. The Saccharomyces cerevisiae release factor Sup35 can produce both fluid liquid-like condensates (e.

Using Objective and Subjective Measures of Cognition to Predict Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Abilities in Multiple Sclerosis.

Background: Cognitive impairment, difficulty performing basic activities of daily living (ADLs) and instrumental ADLs (IADLs), depression, and fatigue are common among individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS). Some associations between these symptoms are known; however, many of their relationships remain unclear. This study investigated the contributions of subjective and objective cognition, depressive symptom severity, and fatigue on ADLs and IADLs.

Multicomponent DNAzyme Nanomachines: Structure, Applications, and Prospects.

Nucleic acids (NAs) are important components of living organisms responsible for the storage and transmission of hereditary information. They form complex structures that can self-assemble and bind to various biological molecules. DNAzymes are NAs capable of performing simple chemical reactions, which makes them potentially useful elements for creating DNA nanomachines with required functions.

Biomolecular Condensates: Structure, Functions, Methods of Research.

The term "biomolecular condensates" is used to describe membraneless compartments in eukaryotic cells, accumulating proteins and nucleic acids. Biomolecular condensates are formed as a result of liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS). Often, they demonstrate properties of liquid-like droplets or gel-like aggregates; however, some of them may appear to have a more complex structure and high-order organization.

CRISPR/Cas9 as a Mutagenic Factor.

The discovery of the CRISPR/Cas9 microbial adaptive immune system has revolutionized the field of genetics, by greatly enhancing the capacity for genome editing. CRISPR/Cas9-based editing starts with DNA breaks (or other lesions) predominantly at target sites and, unfortunately, at off-target genome sites. DNA repair systems differing in accuracy participate in establishing desired genetic changes but also introduce unwanted mutations, that may lead to hereditary, oncological, and other diseases.

Diagnostics of preeclampsia based on Congo red binding to urinary components: Rationales and limitations.

Preeclampsia is a disorder that can occur during pregnancy and is one of the leading causes of death among pregnant women. This disorder occurs after the 20th week of pregnancy and is characterized by arterial hypertension, proteinuria, fetoplacental, and multiple organ dysfunctions. Despite the long history of studying preeclampsia, its etiology and pathogenesis remain poorly understood, and therapy is symptomatic.

Interaction of Proteins Involved in Neuronal Proteinopathies.

Proteinopathy is characterized by the accumulation of aggregates of a specific protein in a target organ, tissue, or cell. The aggregation of the same protein can cause different pathologies as single protein can adopt various amyloidogenic, disease-specific conformations. The conformation governs the interaction of amyloid aggregates with other proteins that are prone to misfolding and, thus, determines disease-specific spectrum of concomitant pathologies.

The Aβ42 Peptide and IAPP Physically Interact in a Yeast-Based Assay.

Numerous studies have demonstrated that people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (associated with IAPP peptide aggregation) show an increased incidence of Alzheimer's disease (associated with Aβ aggregation), but the mechanism responsible for this correlation is presently unknown. Here, we applied a yeast-based model to study the interactions of IAPP with PrP (associated with TSEs) and with the Aβ42 peptide. We demonstrated that fluorescently tagged IAPP forms detergent-resistant aggregates in yeast cells.

Detection of Multiplex NASBA RNA Products Using Colorimetric Split G Quadruplex Probes.

Structural RNA is a challenging target for recognition by hybridization probes. This chapter addresses the recognition problem of RNA amplicons in samples obtained by multiplex nucleic acid sequence-based amplification (NASBA). The method describes the design of G-quadruplex binary (split) DNA peroxidase sensors that produces colorimetric signal upon recognition of NASBA amplicons.

Factors Predictive of Development of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients With COVID-19 in Brunei Darussalam.

Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients affects their health outcomes. Incidence and outcomes varied in the literature, particularly with different population and epidemiological demographics. Data remain scarce in the Southeast Asia region.

Corneal Reconstruction with EGFP-Labelled Limbal Mesenchymal Stem Cells in a Rabbit Model of Limbal Stem Cell Deficiency.

Ocular surface reconstruction is essential for treating corneal epithelial defects and vision recovery. Stem cell-based therapy demonstrates promising results but requires further research to elucidate stem cell survival, growth, and differentiation after transplantation in vivo. This study examined the corneal reconstruction promoted by EGFP-labeled limbal mesenchymal stem cells (L-MSCs-EGFP) and their fate after transplantation.

DNA Nanomachine (DNM) Biplex Assay for Differentiating Species.

Conventional methods for the detection and differentiation of group species have drawbacks mostly due to the complexity of genetic discrimination between the species. Here, we describe a simple and straightforward assay based on the detected unamplified bacterial 16S rRNA by DNA nanomachine (DNM). The assay uses a universal fluorescent reporter and four all-DNA binding fragments, three of which are responsible for "opening up" the folded rRNA while the fourth stand is responsible for detecting single nucleotide variation (SNV) with high selectivity.

Pulmonary tuberculosis and melioidosis coinfection in Brunei Darussalam: the importance of awareness and screening.

Both tuberculosis (TB) and melioidosis are endemic to certain parts of the world, including Brunei Darussalam, with TB being more widespread. Despite this, coinfection with TB and melioidosis is rarely encountered and reported. Although still uncommon, there has been an increase in the number of cases of this coinfection reported during the past 10 years, all of which have been in India and the World Health Organization's Western Pacific Region.

A rare presentation of after two decades: a case report from Brunei Darussalam.

is endemic to West Africa and is rare outside this region. Most of the people infected with 
 outside Africa are migrants from affected parts of Africa. We report a rare case of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) secondary to in a man in Brunei Darussalam who had lived and worked in Guinea, West Africa for 6 years more than 20 years ago.

Peptide from NSP7 is able to form amyloid-like fibrils: Artifact or challenge to drug design?

• We found potential amyloidogenic fragment in NSP7 SARS-CoV2 protein • NSP7 (52–62) fragment is able to form amyloid-like fibrils. • The possibility of using such a peptide as the basis for an antiviral drug is discussed.

Noninvasive Diagnostics of Renal Amyloidosis: Current State and Perspectives.

Amyloidoses is a group of diseases characterized by the accumulation of abnormal proteins (called amyloids) in different organs and tissues. For systemic amyloidoses, the disease is related to increased levels and/or abnormal synthesis of certain proteins in the organism due to pathological processes, e.g.

Gastric Hematoma Secondary to Heterotopic Pancreas of the Stomach: Unexpected Cause of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding.

Upper gastrointestinal bleeding remains a common cause of hospitalizations and common causes include peptic ulcer disease, esophageal and gastric varices, and malignancies. Infrequently, rare and unexpected causes are encountered. Initial management is generally the same regardless of the cause that is focused on hemodynamic stabilization followed by endoscopy to assess and treat the cause of bleeding.

Specificities of Scanning Electron Microscopy and Histological Methods in Assessing Cell-Engineered Construct Effectiveness for the Recovery of Hyaline Cartilage.

Damage to the hyaline layer of the articular surface is an urgent problem for millions of people around the world. At present, a large number of experimental methods are being developed to address this problem, including the transplantation of a cell-engineered construct (CEC) composed of a biodegradable scaffold with a premixed cell culture into the damaged area of the articular surface. However, current methods for analyzing the effectiveness of such CECs have significant limitations.

Recommendations for Responsible Development and Application of Neurotechnologies.

Advancements in novel neurotechnologies, such as brain computer interfaces (BCI) and neuromodulatory devices such as deep brain stimulators (DBS), will have profound implications for society and human rights. While these technologies are improving the diagnosis and treatment of mental and neurological diseases, they can also alter individual agency and estrange those using neurotechnologies from their sense of self, challenging basic notions of what it means to be human. As an international coalition of interdisciplinary scholars and practitioners, we examine these challenges and make recommendations to mitigate negative consequences that could arise from the unregulated development or application of novel neurotechnologies.

Development of molecular tools for diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease that are based on detection of amyloidogenic proteins.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia that usually occurs among older people. AD results from neuronal degeneration that leads to the cognitive impairment and death. AD is incurable, typically develops over the course of many years and is accompanied by a loss of functional autonomy, making a patient completely dependent on family members and/or healthcare workers.