Cracking the Code of Calcification: How Presence and Burden among Intracranial Arteries Influence Stroke Incidence and Recurrence.

Background: Intracranial atherosclerosis accounts for about 8% of all strokes in Western societies but the influence of arterial calcification on plaque instability is a topic on ongoing debate.

Purpose: Explore the association between the presence and burden of calcium in atherosclerotic plaques among intracranial arteries with the risk of clinical or silent stroke events through a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Data Sources: Adhering to PRISMA guidelines, studies from PubMed and Embase were analyzed up to May 2024.

Profile of antiplatelet regimens for emergent carotid stenting in tandem occlusion. Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aim: To investigate the optimum antiplatelet therapy regimen (APTR) for emergent carotid artery stenting following mechanical thrombectomy (MT) in stroke patients with tandem occlusion.

Methods: A literature search was performed on Pubmed/OVID/Cochran's CENTRAL database for studies from 2015 to 2022. Patient characteristics, antiplatelet regimen type, mTICI, 90 days-mRS, acute in-stent thrombosis (AIST), mortality, intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), and sample size were recorded.

Heterogeneity in measurement of NIHSS: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) is a pivotal clinical tool used to assess patients with acute stroke. However, substantial heterogeneity in the application and interpretation of stroke scale items can occur. This systematic review aimed to elucidate heterogeneity in measuring the NIHSS.

Machine Learning Detects Symptomatic Plaques in Patients With Carotid Atherosclerosis on CT Angiography.

Background: This study aimed to develop and validate a computed tomography angiography based machine learning model that uses plaque composition data and degree of carotid stenosis to detect symptomatic carotid plaques in patients with carotid atherosclerosis.

Methods: The machine learning based model was trained using degree of stenosis and the volumes of 13 computed tomography angiography derived intracarotid plaque subcomponents (eg, lipid, intraplaque hemorrhage, calcium) to identify plaques associated with cerebrovascular events. The model was internally validated through repeated 10-fold cross-validation and tested on a dedicated testing cohort according to discrimination and calibration.

Two-dimensional perfusion angiography permits direct visualization of redistribution of flow in hepatocellular carcinoma during b-TACE.

Objectives: To demonstrate in vivo redistribution of the blood flow towards HCC's lesions by utilizing two-dimensional perfusion angiography in b-TACE procedures.

Material And Methods: In total, 30 patients with 35 HCC nodules treated in the period between January 2019 and November 2021. For each patient, a post-processing software leading to a two-dimensional perfusion angiography was applied on each angiography performed via balloon microcatheter, before and after inflation.

Intraprocedural continuous saline infusion lines significantly reduce the incidence of acute kidney injury during endovascular procedures for stroke and myocardial infarction: evidence from a systematic review and meta-regression.

Background: Contrast media used in mechanical therapies for stroke and myocardial infarction represent a significant cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) in acute medical scenarios. Although the continuous saline infusion line (CSIL) is a standard procedure to prevent thrombus formation within the catheter during neurovascular interventions of mechanical thrombectomy (MT), it is not utilized in percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI).

Methods: A systematic review of the incidence of AKI after MT for stroke treatment was performed.

Healthy and Happy? An Ethical Investigation of Emotion Recognition and Regulation Technologies (ERR) within Ambient Assisted Living (AAL).

Ambient Assisted Living (AAL) refers to technologies that track daily activities of persons in need of care to enhance their autonomy and minimise their need for assistance. New technological developments show an increasing effort to integrate automated emotion recognition and regulation (ERR) into AAL systems. These technologies aim to recognise emotions via different sensors and, eventually, to regulate emotions defined as "negative" via different forms of intervention.

Common design and data elements reported in active mechanical thrombectomy trials focusing on distal medium vessel occlusions and minor strokes: a systematic review.

Background: Distal medium vessel occlusions (DMVOs) and minor strokes represent emerging frontiers in mechanical thrombectomy (MT). Although several randomized clinical trials (RCTs) are underway, the design characteristics of these trials and the specific questions they aim to address have not been extensively explored. This current study sought to investigate the design and data elements reported in active prospective DMVO and minor stroke studies.

Carotid stenosis and cryptogenic stroke.

Objectives: Cryptogenic stroke represents a type of ischemic stroke with an unknown origin, presenting a significant challenge in both stroke management and prevention. According to the Trial of Org 10,172 in Acute Stroke Treatment criteria, a stroke is categorized as being caused by large artery atherosclerosis only when there is >50% luminal narrowing of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery. However, nonstenosing carotid artery plaques can be an underlying cause of ischemic stroke.

The Effect of Mechanical Thrombectomy on the Incidence of Poststroke Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review of Inhomogeneous Literature.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of mechanical thrombectomy (MT) on the incidence of poststroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) in anterior circulation stroke.

Methods: Literature research was performed on PubMed/OVID/Cochrane CENTRAL for studies published in 2015-2022. A review of the references of the included papers was performed for further eligible articles.

Liquid Health. Medicine in the age of surveillance capitalism.

Digital health technologies transform practices, roles, and relationships in medicine. New possibilities for a ubiquitous and constant data collection and the processing of data in real-time enable more personalized health services. These technologies might also allow users to actively participate in health practices, thus potentially changing the role of patients from passive receivers of healthcare to active agents.

A new system of authorship best assessment.

Purpose: The standard bibliometric indexes ("-quotient "-," "2-," "-," "-," "-," and "-" index) do not considered the research' position in the author list of the paper. We proposed a new methodology, System of Authorship Best Assessment (SABA), to characterize the scientific output based on authors' position.

Material And Methods: Four classes S1A, S1B, S2A, and S2B include only papers where the researcher is in first, first/last, first/second/last, and first/second/second-last/last position respectively were used for the calculation of -index and number of citations The system was tested with Noble prize winners controlled with researchers matched for -index.

Lost in translation? Conceptions of privacy and independence in the technical development of AI-based AAL.

AAL encompasses smart home technologies that are installed in the personal living environment in order to support older, disabled, as well as chronically ill people with the goal of delaying or reducing their need for nursing care in a care facility. Artificial intelligence (AI) is seen as an important tool for assisting the target group in their daily lives. A literature search and qualitative content analysis of 255 articles from computer science and engineering was conducted to explore the usage of ethical concepts.

A typology of nurses' interaction with relatives in emergency situations.

Background: In nursing homes, residents' relatives represent important sources of support for nurses. However, in the heightened stress of emergency situations, interaction between nurses and relatives can raise ethical challenges.

Research Objectives: The present analysis aimed at elaborating a typology of nurses' experience of ethical support and challenges in their interaction with relatives in emergency situations.

Equity in AgeTech for Ageing Well in Technology-Driven Places: The Role of Social Determinants in Designing AI-based Assistive Technologies.

AgeTech involves the use of emerging technologies to support the health, well-being and independent living of older adults. In this paper we focus on how AgeTech based on artificial intelligence (AI) may better support older adults to remain in their own living environment for longer, provide social connectedness, support wellbeing and mental health, and enable social participation. In order to assess and better understand the positive as well as negative outcomes of AI-based AgeTech, a critical analysis of ethical design, digital equity, and policy pathways is required.

Is Mechanical Thrombectomy or Thrombolysis Universally Cost-Effective? A Systematic Review of the Literature.

Background: Thrombolysis (rTPA) and mechanical thrombectomy (MT) are cost-effective treatments for ischemic stroke. However, little is known about the impact of different types of health systems (HSs) on the outcome and cost of ischemic stroke.

Methods: Literature search was performed on PubMed/OVID for studies without time limits.

"Democratizing" artificial intelligence in medicine and healthcare: Mapping the uses of an elusive term.

"Democratizing" artificial intelligence (AI) in medicine and healthcare is a vague term that encompasses various meanings, issues, and visions. This article maps the ways this term is used in discourses on AI in medicine and healthcare and uses this map for a normative reflection on how to direct AI in medicine and healthcare towards desirable futures. We searched peer-reviewed articles from Scopus, Google Scholar, and PubMed along with grey literature using search terms "democrat*", "artificial intelligence" and "machine learning".

[Support of treatment safety by nursing personnel when dealing with emergency situations in long-term care facilities : Results of a qualitative empirical study].

A significant number of emergency responses and hospitalizations of nursing home residents are considered avoidable and result in an unnecessary burden or health risk for residents. One cause of these unnecessary emergency responses lies in the lack of confidence of nursing personnel in their own actions and decisions. The goal of the NOVELLE project is to develop recommendations for action for certain emergency situations that enable nursing personnel to make operationalized decisions and empower them to take confident action.

Nurses' perspectives on the role of relatives in emergency situations in nursing homes: a qualitative study from Germany.

Background: In nursing homes, emergencies often result in unnecessary hospital transfers, which may negatively affect residents' health. Emergency management in nursing homes is complicated by structural conditions, uncertainties and difficulties communicating with the treating healthcare professionals. The present study investigated the role played by relatives in this emergency management, as perceived by nursing staff.

Adiaphorisation and the digital nursing gaze: Liquid surveillance in long-term care.

The nursing gaze, that is the specific ways of observing the patient in nursing practice, has been the object of ethical debates for decades. It has been argued that the specific feature of observing patients in nursing is the stereoscopic vision that allows nurses to see the patient at the same time as a subject and a body. However, with the increased use of technology in nursing and the focus on quantifiable biomedical data, some commentators see a shift from the view of the patient as subject to the patient as body, which results in a de-humanisation and objectification of patients.