Contextualizing the revised Patient Perception of Patient-Centeredness (PPPC-R) scale in primary healthcare settings: a validity and reliability evaluation study.

Background: An English version of the Patient Perception of Patient-Centeredness (PPPC) scale was recently revised, and it is necessary to test this instrument in different primary care populations.

Aim: This study aimed to assess the validity and reliability of a Chinese version of the PPPC scale.

Design: A mixed method was used in this study.

Impact of Sex and Gender on Metabolic Syndrome in Adults: A Retrospective Cohort Study From the Canadian Primary Care Sentinel Surveillance Network.

Objective: Metabolic syndrome (MetS), a cluster of 5 interconnected factors, is the main contributor to cardiovascular disease. Although sex- and gender-related elements have been linked to MetS and its components, this association has not been explored among Canadians with or without MetS. In this study, we aimed to identify sex and gender differences in characteristics of MetS in the Canadian population.

Sex and Gender Impact Mental and Emotional Well-Being During COVID-19 Pandemic: A European Countries Experience.

The COVID-19 pandemic influences mental health drastically. Therefore, our aim was to investigate whether biological sex and gender-related factors are associated with mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. The International COVID-19 Awareness and Responses Evaluation Study is an international multiwave cross-sectional observational cohort study of public awareness, attitudes, and responses to public health policies (www.

Sex and Gender Influence on Cardiovascular Health in Sub-Saharan Africa: Findings from Ghana, Gambia, Mali, Guinea, and Botswana.

Background: There is an upsurge of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Irrespective of biological sex, gender-related factors could be the precursor of these conditions.

Objective: To examine the associations between biological sex, gender-related variables, and cardiovascular health (CVH) risk factors in SSA countries.

Impact of biological sex and gender-related factors on public engagement in protective health behaviours during the COVID-19 pandemic: cross-sectional analyses from a global survey.

Objective: Given the role of sociocultural gender in shaping human behaviours, the main objective of this study was to examine whether sex and gender-related factors were associated with the public's adherence to COVID-19-recommended protective health behaviours.

Design: This was a retrospective analysis of the survey that captured data on people's awareness, attitudes and behaviours as they relate to the COVID-19 policies.

Setting: Data from the International COVID-19 Awareness and Responses Evaluation survey collected between March 2020 and February 2021 from 175 countries.

Sex and Gender Determinants of Vascular Disease in the Global Context.

Globally, vascular diseases are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Many of the most significant risk factors for vascular disease have a gendered dimension, and sex differences in vascular diseases incidence are apparent, worldwide. In this narrative review, we provide a contemporary picture of sex- and gender-related determinants of vascular disease.

Cardiovascular health through a sex and gender lens in six South Asian countries: Findings from the WHO STEPS surveillance.

Background: Sex and gender-based differences in cardiovascular health (CVH) has been explored in the context of high-income countries. However, these relationships have not been examined in low- and middle-income countries. The main aim of this study was to examine how sex and gender-related factors are associated with cardiovascular risk factors of people in South Asian countries.

Modifying the Mini-Cog to Screen for Cognitive Impairment in Nonliterate Individuals.

Objectives: The Mini-Cog, a rapid, valid, and reliable screening tool for cognitive impairment, consists of 3-word recall and an executive clock drawing test (CDT). However, CDT requires at least basic literacy and cultural exposure to analog clocks, conditions not met in many population groups around the world. We developed a modification of the Mini-Cog (MMC) for use with nonliterate and literate individuals.

Level of Exercise Participation in Individuals with Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury During Inpatient Rehabilitation: A Cross-sectional Study.

Background: The outcome of exercises depends on participants' level of exercise participation. We aimed to investigate the level of exercise participation in individuals with traumatic spinal cord injury during inpatient rehabilitation.

Methods: All participants with traumatic spinal cord injury undergoing inpatient physiotherapy at a rehabilitation center were recruited.

Contraceptive counseling experiences among women attending HIV care and treatment centers: A national survey in Kenya.

Objectives: To characterize contraceptive counseling experiences among women living with HIV (WLWH) receiving HIV care in Kenya.

Study Design: Sexually active, WLWH aged 15 to 49 years were purposively sampled from 109 high-volume HIV Care and Treatment Centers in Kenya between June and September 2016. Cross-sectional surveys were administered to enroll women on a tablet using Open Data Kit.

Prevalence assessment of sexually transmitted infections among pregnant women visiting an antenatal care center of Nepal: Pilot of the World Health Organization's standard protocol for conducting STI prevalence surveys among pregnant women.

Introduction: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are common during pregnancy and can result in adverse delivery and birth outcomes. The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of STIs; Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), Treponema pallidum (syphilis), Trichomonas vaginalis (trichomoniasis), and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) among pregnant women visiting an antenatal care center in Nepal.

Materials And Methods: We adapted and piloted the WHO standard protocol for conducting a prevalence survey of STIs among pregnant women visiting antenatal care center of Dhulikhel Hospital, Nepal.

A structured workshop enhanced Physiotherapists' skills in clinical decision-making: A pre-post study.

Context: Effective clinical decision-making skills enhance the quality of patient care. Clinical reasoning and decision-making are fundamental aspects of best physiotherapy clinical practice.

Aims: To evaluate the effectiveness of an evidence-based structured educational workshop in enhancing physiotherapists' clinical decision-making skills.

An economic evaluation of a mobile text messaging intervention to improve mental health care in resource-poor communities in China: a cost-effectiveness study.

Background: Severe mental disorders, a leading cause of disability has become a major public health problem. In order to promote mental health, a series of programs have been promulgated by the Chinese government. However, economic evaluations of such programs are lacking.

Cross-cultural adaptation, validity, and reliability of the Nepali version of the Exercise Adherence Rating Scale: a methodological study.

Background: The Exercise Adherence Rating Scale (EARS) is a commonly used outcome tool, which helps to identify the adherence rate of exercises and reasons for adherence and non-adherence. There is no evidence of the availability of any measurement tools to assess exercise adherence in the Nepalese context and cultural background. Therefore, we conducted a cross-cultural adaptation of the EARS into the Nepali language and investigated its reliability and validity.

Healthy aging through the lens of community-based practitioners: a focus group study.

Background: Nearly one in every seven Americans is 65 years and older, facing day-to-day challenge of aging. Although interest in healthy aging is growing, most of the efforts are directed towards understanding the perceptions of older adults. Little is known about the perspectives of community-based practitioners who work with older adults and deliver programs to promote healthy aging.

NUrse-led COntinuum of care for people with Diabetes and prediabetes (NUCOD) in Nepal: study protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial.

Background: The purpose of this study will be to improve diabetes prevention, access to care and advocacy through a novel cost-effective nurse-led continuum of care approach that incorporates diabetes prevention, awareness, screening and management for low-income settings, and furthermore utilizes the endeavor to advocate for establishing a standard diabetes program in Nepal.

Methods: We will conduct a two-arm, parallel group, stratified cluster randomized controlled trial of the NUrse-led COntinuum of care for people with Diabetes (N = 200) and prediabetes (N = 1036) (NUCOD) program, with primary care centers (9 outreach centers and 17 government health posts) as a unit of randomization. The NUCOD program will be delivered through the trained diabetes nurses in the community to the intervention group and the outcomes will be compared with the usual treatment group at 6 and 12 months of the intervention.

Feasibility and Effectiveness of Telephone-Based Telephysiotherapy for Treatment of Pain in Low-Resource Setting: A Retrospective Pre-Post Design.

Introduction: Telephysiotherapy (TPT) is a provision of physiotherapy services at a distance, using telecommunication technology when an in-person visit is not a feasible option. The objective of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of TPT in management of pain caused due to various problems among patients living in rural areas of a developing country.

Methods: This retrospective study conducted in rural areas of Nepal recruited all patients who met the eligibility criteria during a day campaign.

Diarrhea in under Five Year-Old Children in Nepal: A Spatiotemporal Analysis Based on Demographic and Health Survey Data.

Background: Diarrhea in children under five years of age remains a challenge in reducing child mortality in Nepal. Understanding the spatiotemporal patterns and influencing factors of the disease is important for control and intervention.

Methods: Data regarding diarrhea prevalence and its potential influencing factors were extracted from the Demographic and Health Surveys in Nepal and other open-access databases.

Prevalence of Intimate Partner Violence and Associated Factors Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in China.

Intimate partner violence (IPV) in the heterosexual population has gained increasing public concern in China, but little is known about it among men who have sex with men (MSM). This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of IPV and associated factors among MSM in Chengdu, China. Participants were recruited from a local MSM-friendly health consulting center.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of postpartum contraceptive use among women in low- and middle-income countries.

Background: Short birth intervals increase risk for adverse maternal and infant outcomes including preterm birth, low birth weight (LBW), and infant mortality. Although postpartum family planning (PPFP) is an increasingly high priority for many countries, uptake and need for PPFP varies in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to characterize postpartum contraceptive use, and predictors and barriers to use, among postpartum women in LMIC.

Acceptability, feasibility and utility of a Mobile health family planning decision aid for postpartum women in Kenya.

Background: Unmet need for contraception is high during the postpartum period, increasing the risk of unintended subsequent pregnancy. We developed a client facing mobile phone-based family planning (FP) decision aid and assessed acceptability, feasibility, and utility of the tool among health care providers and postpartum women.

Methods: Semi-structured in-depth interviews (IDIs) were conducted among postpartum women (n = 25) and FP providers (n = 17) at 4 Kenyan maternal and child health clinics, 2 in the Nyanza region (Kisumu and Siaya Counties) and 2 in Nairobi.