Influence of Stretch Speed and Arousal State on Passive Ankle Joint Mechanics.

Studies investigating the mechanisms influencing maximum passive joint range of motion (ROM) and stiffness have not objectively assessed the possible influence of stretch speed and/or arousal state. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of arousal state and stretch speed on healthy individuals ROM, stiffness, gastrocnemius medialis, and soleus electromyographic activity (EMG). Fourteen participants performed one familiarization and then one testing session on separate days in the laboratory.

Neuromuscular characteristics of eccentric, concentric and isometric contractions of the knee extensors.

Purpose: We compared voluntary drive and corticospinal responses during eccentric (ECC), isometric (ISOM) and concentric (CON) muscle contractions to shed light on neurophysiological mechanisms underpinning the lower voluntary drive in a greater force production in ECC than other contractions.

Methods: Sixteen participants (20-33 years) performed ISOM and isokinetic (30°/s) CON and ECC knee extensor contractions (110°-40° knee flexion) in which electromyographic activity (EMG) was recorded from vastus lateralis. Voluntary activation (VA) was measured during ISOM, CON and ECC maximal voluntary contractions (MVCs).

Comparative effectiveness of clozapine and non-clozapine atypical antipsychotics provided by the Brazilian National Health System in adults with schizophrenia.

Introduction: Currently, 21 million people live with the disease, mostly in low to middle-income countries. We aimed to assess the survival of patients with schizophrenia using clozapine compared with non-clozapine atypical antipsychotics provided by the Brazilian National Health System using real-world data.

Materials And Methods: This is an open retrospective cohort study of patients diagnosed with schizophrenia to whom atypical antipsychotics were dispensed by the Brazilian National Health System between 2000 and 2015, based on deterministic-probabilistic pairing of administrative data records.

Resistance training effects on pubertal children with a risk of developing pediatric dynapenia.

Purpose: Many modern-day children are at risk of pediatric dynapenia (muscle weakness). We examined the effects of a 12-week resistance training (RT) program on neuromuscular function and body composition parameters in pubertal children with a risk of dynapenia.

Methods: Twelve children (13.

Acceptability and consumers' willingness to pay for comprehensive medication management services in Brazil.

Comprehensive medication management (CMM) is a clinical service that aims to optimize the therapeutic results of patients at the individual level. Studies carried out in Brazil and in several parts of the world have found a positive impact of the service, mainly in the resolution of drug therapy problems and in improving clinical outcomes and patients' quality of life. This service is not widespread and its acceptability and willingness to pay were not defined by the population yet.

[Judicialization of cannabidiol-based products in Brazil: an analysis from 2019 to 2022].

The study analyzed the lawsuits of patients who requested cannabidiol (CBD)-based products from the Brazilian Unified National Health System during the period from 2019 to 2022, describing sociodemographic, clinical, and legal characteristics. This is a cross-sectional study composed of the evaluation of the technical notes issued by the Center for Technical Support of the Judiciary (NatJus), which supports judicial decisions. The data were obtained from the e-NatJus system, of the Brazilian Ministry of Justice, using web scraping techniques.

Impact of implementation of front-of-package nutrition labeling on sugary beverage consumption and consequently on the prevalence of excess body weight and obesity and related direct costs in Brazil: An estimate through a modeling study.

Rationale: Intake of sugary beverages has been associated with obesity and chronic non-communicable diseases, thereby increasing the direct health costs related to these diseases. Front-of-package nutrition labeling (FoPNL) aims to help consumers understand food composition, thereby improving food choices and preventing the development of such diseases.

Objective: To estimate, over five years, the impact of implementing FoPNL in Brazil on the prevalence of excess body weight and obesity in adults who consume sugary beverages and the direct costs related to such problems.

Contraction Velocity of the Elbow Flexors Assessed by Tensiomyography: A Comparison Between Formulas.

Mesquita, RNO, Latella, C, Ruas, CV, Nosaka, K, and Taylor, JL. Contraction velocity of the elbow flexors assessed by tensiomyography: A comparison between formulas. J Strength Cond Res 37(10): 1969-1977, 2023-Muscle contraction velocity ( Vc ) assessed by tensiomyography is a promising measure for athlete profiling.

Scanning Electron Microscopy of the Inner and Outer Aspects of Tiger Tail Hairs.

Background: Tiger tail hairs, Morse hairs or pili annulati is a nonsyndromic hair shaft disorder, characterized by alternating light and dark bands along the hair shaft.

Methods: The outer surface and the inner structure of longitudinally cut tiger tail hairs were examined with scanning electron microscopy.

Results: Hair specimens of five affected individuals showed small surface undulations with "curtain-like" folding of the hair cuticula (microcanaliculi).

Comparison between Eccentric-Only and Coupled Concentric-Eccentric Contractions for Neuromuscular Fatigue and Muscle Damage.

Purpose: Eccentric contractions induce muscle damage, but less is known about the effects of preceding concentric contractions to eccentric contractions on muscle damage. We compared eccentric-only (ECC) and coupled concentric and eccentric contractions (CON-ECC) of the knee extensors for parameters of neuromuscular fatigue and muscle damage.

Methods: Twenty participants (age, 19-36 yr) were randomly placed into an ECC or a CON-ECC group (n = 10 per group), without significant (P > 0.

Risk factors associated with readmissions of patients with severe mental disorders under treatment with antipsychotics.

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the risk of readmission in patients with severe mental disorders, compare it between patients using different types of antipsychotics and determine risk factors for psychiatric readmission.

Methods: Medical records of a non-concurrent cohort of 625 patients with severe mental disorders (such as psychoses and severe mood disorders) who were first discharged from January to December 2012 (entry into the cohort), with longitudinal follow-up until December 2017 constitute the sample. Descriptive statistical analysis of characteristics of study sample was performed.

What we know about antibiotics prescribed by dentists in a Brazilian southeastern state.

The objective of this study was to analyze possible associations between antibiotic dental prescriptions in the public health service, health service characteristics, and social characteristics of the municipalities. Using the register of dispensing in the public health service of a state in the Southeast region of Brazil, in 2017 we analyzed patterns of antibiotic prescriptions by dentists. Data were obtained from the Integrated Pharmaceutical Services Management System (SIGAF, in Portuguese).

Early Detection of Prolonged Decreases in Maximal Voluntary Contraction Force after Eccentric Exercise of the Knee Extensors.

Purpose: We examined whether the magnitude of muscle damage indicated by changes in maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) strength 1 to 3 d after unaccustomed eccentric exercise (ECC) was correlated with changes in central and peripheral neuromuscular parameters immediately post-ECC.

Methods: Twenty participants (19-36 yr) performed six sets of eight eccentric contractions of the knee extensors. Rate of force development (RFD) during knee extensor MVIC, twitch force, rate of force development (RFDRT) and rate of relaxation (RRRT) of the resting twitch, maximal M-wave (MMAX), voluntary activation, silent period duration, motor-evoked potentials (MEP) and short-interval intracortical inhibition were assessed before, immediately after, and 1 to 3 d post-ECC.

Knowledge about antineoplastic drugs: implications for the health of nursing workers in a general hospital.

Objectives: to understand, from a worker's health perspective, the knowledge of nursing professionals about the use of antineoplastic drugs in a general hospital.

Methods: a descriptive and exploratory study with a qualitative approach. It was conducted at a university hospital, between April and August 2018, with 35 nursing professionals who responded to a semi-structured interview.

Phenotypic, molecular and pathogenic characterization of infecting species in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Anthracnose is a disease caused by spp., one of the world's most damaging sweet and chili pepper pathogens, especially in tropical and subtropical regions. In the state of Rio de Janeiro, anthracnose is one of the main obstacles for pepper crops.

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu fighters present greatest rapid and maximal strength imbalances at extreme elbow angles.

Background: The performance of Brazilian jiu-jitsu (BJJ) fighters is dependent on rapid and maximal elbow strength actions. Appropriate strength balance between elbow flexors (F) and extensors (E) across the full joint range of motion may be required to decrease risk of injuries.

Aim: To compare rapid and maximal elbow F/E strength balance through full range of motion in BJJ fighters.

Prescriptions of analgesics and anti-inflammatory drugs in municipalities from a Brazilian Southeast state.

The objective of this study was to describe dental prescriptions of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), opioids, and analgesics dispensed by the Brazilian National Health System (BNHS, SUS in Portuguese) of a Southeastern state from January to December 2017, and to analyze their association with socioeconomic and oral health care services' characteristics at municipal level. Data were collected from the Brazilian Integrated Pharmaceutical Care Management System. Medicines were grouped according to the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System.

Scanning Electron Microscopy of Subclinical Gefitinib-Induced Hair Changes.

Oral inhibitors of epidermal growth factor receptor may have a wide range of cutaneous manifestations. Hair manifestations are observed in 10%-20% of the patients. At the ultrastructural level erlotinib-induced hair changes were already described as acquired pili torti et canaliculi.

Evaluation of a panel of microsatellite markers to study their applications in and to reveal the genetic diversity in .

Jewel tetra () is a freshwater fish found in several rivers and basins in South America. The present study is the first study to create a panel of microsatellite markers for detecting genetic diversity in and evaluating the application of these markers in . In total, 44 individuals were genotyped from the natural (WIL,  = 20) and stock in captivity (CAP,  = 24) population.

Health equity and the usage of atypical antipsychotics within the Brazilian national health system: findings and implications.

Background: There is a need to evaluate the health equity of atypical antipsychotics users who obtain their medicines from the Brazilian National Health System (SUS) through the identification of key factors that influence their health status due to concerns with equity of care.

Research Design And Methods: Cross-sectional study among patients attending state pharmacies in Brazil. Individuals were included if they used atypical antipsychotics, aged ≥18 years, and answered the EQ-5D-3 L questionnaire.