Factors associated with poor asthma control in children: A prediction model.

Background: Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are the first-line therapy for pediatric asthma. However, very few studies have developed simple tools for predicting treatment outcomes in pediatric asthma.

Objective: This study aimed to construct a predictive model for poor asthma control in children after 6 months of ICS therapy.

Chest X-ray findings of COVID-19 pneumonia in children: Experiences in a multicenter study in Thailand.

Introduction: Although chest X-ray is commonly used to diagnose COVID-19 pneumonia, few studies have explored findings in pediatric patients. This study aimed to reveal chest X-ray characteristics in children with COVID-19 pneumonia and compare between non-severe and severe cases.

Methods: This multicenter, nationwide retrospective study included all children aged 0 to 15 years who were admitted to 13 medical facilities throughout Thailand with COVID-19 pneumonia between January 2020 and October 2021.

Effectiveness of a Telephone Counseling Intervention in Reducing Passive Smoking Among Children.

Legislative smoking bans that prohibit smoking in public places have successfully reduced passive smoking in public areas. However, smokers only partially adhere to smoking restrictions in their homes. Young children are particularly vulnerable to exposure to tobacco smoke because they spend more time at home.

A Longitudinal Study of a Selected Pediatric Asthmatic Population with Normal and Abnormal Spirometry at Baseline: An Emphasis on Treatment Outcomes.

Purpose: It is still unclear whether considering abnormal spirometry as a marker for disease control can help physicians adjust asthma controllers in children because of the scarcity of pediatric studies. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of abnormal spirometry in a selected pediatric asthmatic population and its effect on longitudinal outcomes.

Patients And Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted at the Songklanagarind Hospital, Thailand.

Predictive parameters and model for extubation outcome in pediatric patients.

Background: Prolonged mechanical ventilation is associated with significant morbidity in critically ill pediatric patients. In addition, extubation failure and deteriorating respiratory status after extubation contribute to increased morbidity. Well-prepared weaning procedures and accurate identification of at-risk patients using multimodal ventilator parameters are warranted to improve patient outcomes.

Unusual presentation of alveolar capillary dysplasia with misalignment of the pulmonary veins in a child with respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia: A case report.

Alveolar capillary dysplasia with misalignment of the pulmonary veins (ACDMPV) is a rare congenital diffuse lung disorder, with a fatal course during the neonatal period. We describe an 18-month-old boy who presented with respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia and pulmonary hypertensive crisis requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Exome sequencing revealed a frameshift variant, NM_001451.

Persistent Asthma at School Age: Associated Factors in Preschool Children with Asthma.

Most patients with childhood asthma present their first symptoms at preschool age. Identifying modifiable risks and protective factors at an early age may help develop asthma prevention and control strategies. This study aimed to identify factors at preschool age that are associated with persistent asthma at school age.

Predictors of high-flow nasal cannula failure in pediatric patients with acute respiratory distress.

Background: Heated humidified high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) has gained popularity recently and is considered a standard respiratory support tool for pediatric patients with acute respiratory distress. However, data are limited on the bedside parameters that can predict HFNC failure in pediatric patients.

Purpose: To evaluate the performance of SpO2/FiO2 (SF) ratio, pediatric respiratory rate-oxygenation (pROX) index, and clinical respiratory score (CRS), for predicting the HFNC outcomes.

Treatment and outcomes of chylothorax in children: 20-year experience of a single institute.

Background: Chylothorax is an uncommon cause of pleural effusion in children. This study aimed to determine the characteristics, treatment strategies, and outcomes of chylothorax in children from a single institute.

Methods: The 65 episodes of chylothorax in patients aged 0-15 years who were diagnosed and received treatment in Songklanagarind Hospital between January 2001 and December 2020 were retrospectively review and analyzed.

Probability of successful inhaled corticosteroids cessation in preschool wheezers: a predictive score.

Unlabelled: Nearly all asthma predictive tools estimate the future risk of asthma development. However, there is no tool to predict the probability of successful ICS cessation at an early age. Therefore, we aimed to determine the predictors of successful ICS cessation in preschool wheezers, and developed a simple predictive tool for clinical practice.

Development and validation of the predictive score for pediatric COVID-19 pneumonia: A nationwide, multicenter study.

Background: Due to the possibility of asymptomatic pneumonia in children with COVID-19 leading to overexposure to radiation and problems in limited-resource settings, we conducted a nationwide, multi-center study to determine the risk factors of pneumonia in children with COVID-19 in order to create a pediatric pneumonia predictive score, with score validation.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study done by chart review of all children aged 0-15 years admitted to 13 medical centers across Thailand during the study period. Univariate and multivariate analyses as well as backward and forward stepwise logistic regression were used to generate a final prediction model of the pneumonia score.

Acquired tracheo-oesophageal fistula in a child with unrecognised tracheal foreign body.

We report the case of a 6-month-old girl who presented with recurrent pneumonia and growth failure. After full examination, she was diagnosed with long-standing, unrecognised tracheal foreign body, which was then successfully removed. However, her chronic respiratory symptoms did not improve, and she also had feeding intolerance.

Practice, self-confidence and understanding of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea survey among pediatricians.

Background: Pediatricians play an important role in the screening, diagnosis and management of childhood obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). This study used a questionnaire to explore the knowledge, self-confidence and general practices of childhood OSA among Thai pediatricians.

Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional survey study, using a newly developed questionnaire; including: 21 knowledge items, 4 self-confidence items, questions regarding OSA screening, number of OSA cases per month and OSA management.

Effectiveness of Protocolized Sedation Utilizing the COMFORT-B Scale in Mechanically Ventilated Children in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit.

Appropriate sedation in mechanically ventilated patients is important to facilitate adequate respiratory support and maintain patient safety. However, the optimal sedation protocol for children is unclear. This study assessed the effectiveness of a sedation protocol utilizing the COMFORT-B sedation scale in reducing the duration of mechanical ventilation in children.

Gastropleural fistula masquerading as chylothorax in a child with lymphoma.

We report the case of an 8-year-old boy with diffuse large B cell lymphoma who developed a right-sided spontaneous pneumothorax with pleural effusion after recovery from septic shock. The pleural fluid was thought to be malignancy-associated chylothorax concomitant with complicated pleural effusion due to a milky-like appearance, a high level of triglycerides and Gram-negative bacteria staining in the fluid. He was put on total parental nutrition and octreotide for 2 weeks, but did not improve.

Severity and Mortality Predictors of Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome According to the Pediatric Acute Lung Injury Consensus Conference Definition.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence, severity, and outcomes of pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome in a resource-limited country. In addition, we sought to explore the predisposing factors that predicted the initial severity, a change from mild to moderate-severe severity, and mortality.

Design: Retrospective study.

Clinical presentation and outcome in congenital pulmonary malformation: 25 year retrospective study in Thailand.

Background: Congenital pulmonary malformations (CPM) are a group of rare abnormal lung development lesions that can have various presentations. The aim of this study was to define the differences in the clinical presentations of CPM in neonates, infants, and children, and to review the outcomes.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in southern Thailand between 1992 and 2016.

Determinants of Lung Function at Age 8.5 Years in a Birth Cohort of Thai Children.

Background And Aims: Early life factors have reported the associations with impaired lung function in later life. In the present study, the birth cohort was followed up longitudinally to investigate the determinants of lung function in Thai children.

Methods: Cohort subjects were recruited from children born in Songkhla Province in southern Thailand.

Structural lung abnormalities on computed tomography correlate with asthma inflammation in bronchoscopic alveolar lavage fluid.

: Image scoring systems have been developed to assess the severity of specific lung abnormalities in patients diagnosed with various pulmonary diseases except for asthma. A comprehensive asthma imaging scoring system may identify specific abnormalities potentially linking these to inflammatory phenotypes.: Computed tomography (CT) images of 88 children with asthma (50 M/38 F, mean age 7.

Tuberculosis in SLE patients: rare diagnosis, risky treatment.

We document three cases of tuberculosis (TB) in 237 systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. Their ages at SLE and TB diagnoses were 13/15, 10/25, and 13/24 years. All were female and in all the TB was diagnosed during a period of lupus flare-up when they were receiving prednisolone and other immunosuppressive drugs.

Prospective cohort study on change in weight status and occurrence of habitual snoring in children.

Objective: To determine the association between the change in weight status and newly developed snoring in children.

Design: This was a prospective cohort study.

Setting: Structured interviews were conducted at participants' homes, and physical examinations were performed at The-pa Community Hospital in Southern Thailand.

Tuberculosis of the thymus in a 6-month-old infant with literature review.

Tuberculosis of the thymus is very uncommon. Most previously reported cases have involved adolescents or adults. Herein, we report a case of tuberculosis of the thymus diagnosed in a 6-month-old infant, presenting with progressive dyspnea and a mediastinal mass.

The long duration of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in a child with acute severe hypoxic respiratory failure treated in a resource-limited center.

Veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) has been indicated in patients with severe refractory respiratory failure from various causes for more than 30 years, even for the small infant.(1) Improved outcome from using ECMO for respiratory failure has been reported worldwide, ranging from 15% to over 50% in recent reviews.(1,2) The rationale of this therapy is to allow time for the lungs to heal, minimizing further lung injury from positive pressure ventilation.

Outcomes of very low birth weight infants in Songklanagarind Hospital.

Objective: To determine the mortality and morbidity rates of very low birth weight (VLBW) infants in Songklanagarind Hospital.

Material And Method: A retrospective study of all infants with birth weight < 1,500 g admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit between January 2003 and December 2006.

Results: A total of 178 VLBW infants, met the enrollment criteria, with mean (+/- standard deviation-SD) birth weight and gestational age of 1,123 +/- 273 g and 29 +/- 3 weeks, respectively.