Analyzing corneal biomechanical response in orthokeratology with differing back optic zone diameter: A comparative finite element study.

Purpose: To investigate the impact of orthokeratology (ortho-k) lenses with different back optic zone diameter (BOZD) on the biomechanical response of the cornea, focusing on contact pressure, displacement, and stress distribution.

Method: Finite element models were developed to simulate varying corneal curvatures (39.0D, 42.

Prevalence and determinants of asthenopia among ophthalmologists in China: a national cross-sectional survey.

Introduction: The role of ophthalmologists is defined by tasks requiring visual effort, emphasizing the importance of examining their condition within the realm of occupational visual health. Our goal was to explore the occurrence of asthenopia among Chinese ophthalmologists and identify contributing factors through the use of a reliable and validated survey instrument.

Methods: A national cross-sectional online survey was carried out in June 2017, involving 6,220 practicing ophthalmologists in China.

Settling characteristics of scleral lenses in Chinese adults with refractive error.

Purpose: To investigate the settling characteristics of a scleral lens in Chinese adults with refractive error and to provide guidance for its clinical application.

Methods: A total of 21 healthy Chinese adults (27.2 ± 4.

Low vision aids and age are associated with Müller-Lyer illusion in congenital visually impaired children.

Background: The correlation between visual impairment and Müller-Lyer illusion is not yet elucidated. This study aimed to explore the connection between visual status, age, and the intensity of Müller-Lyer illusion in congenitally visually impaired and visually healthy children aged 4-17 years. Additionally, the developmental trends were compared.

Development of a new 17-item Asthenopia Survey Questionnaire using Rasch analysis.

Aim: To develop the 17-item Asthenopia Survey Questionnaire (ASQ)-17 by Rasch analysis, and to generate a predictiveness score.

Methods: Totally 739 participants were recruited and 680 were involved in the result analysis in this prospective, cross-sectional study. Three rounds of Rasch analysis were used to analyze the psychometric characteristics of items and options.

Repeatability and agreement of AOCT-1000 M, RTVue XR and IOL master 500 in measuring corneal thickness mapping and axial length applying principle of optical coherence tomography.

Purpose: To evaluate the repeatability and agreement of Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography (AOCT-1000 M and RTVue XR) and partial coherence interferometry biometer (IOL Master 500) in measuring corneal thickness mapping and axial length respectively.

Methods: Corneal thickness was measured by AOCT-1000 M and RTVue XR. Axial lengths were measured by AOCT-1000 M and IOL Master 500.

Metrics of Anterior Sclera in Normal Chinese Adults: Anterior Segment Imaging Using the Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography.

Purpose: To measure the corneoscleral limbus and anterior sclera parameters of normal Chinese adults by swept-source optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Materials And Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 56 Chinese subjects with ametropia were evaluated in the Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from September 2020 to December 2020, including 26 (46.4%) men, with an average age of 24.

Best-corrected visual acuity results facilitate molecular diagnosis of infantile nystagmus patients harboring FRMD7 mutations.

The visual function of patients with infantile nystagmus (IN) can be significantly decreased owing to constant eye movement. While, reaching a definitive diagnosis becomes a challenge due to genetic heterozygous of this disease. To address it, we investigated whether best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) results can facilitate the molecular diagnosis of IN patients harboring FRMD7 mutations.

Performance of the AIDRScreening system in detecting diabetic retinopathy in the fundus photographs of Chinese patients: a prospective, multicenter, clinical study.

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of blindness in the working-age population worldwide, and there is a large unmet need for DR screening in China. This observational, prospective, multicenter, gold standard-controlled study sought to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the AIDRScreening system (v. 1.

A new antioxidant made from a pterostilbene functionalized graphene nanocomposite as an efficient treatment for dry eye disease.

Dry eye disease is a common condition that affects the eyes. It is caused by problems with the tear film and the tear dynamics. Dry eye can be caused by an increase in the amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the corneal epithelium.

Myopia progression and stabilization in school-aged children with single-vision lenses.

Purpose: To investigate the longitudinal changes in myopia from onset to stabilization in school-aged children with single-vison lenses (SVLs).

Methods: The medical records of patients wearing SVLs with long-term follow-up data between 2006 and 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. The patients who were 6-10 years old at the initial visit and 16 years old at the last assessment were included and analysed.

Lb2Cas12a and its engineered variants mediate genome editing in human cells.

Cas12a-mediated targeted genome engineering strategies have enabled a broad range of research and clinical applications. However, the limited target-selection spectrum and low activity/fidelity remain a bottleneck for its widespread application in precision site-specific human genome editing. Therefore, there exists an acute need to identify novel Cas12a nucleases with improved features for genome editing.

Development of a Simple and Quick Method to Assess Base Editing in Human Cells.

Base editing is a form of genome editing that can directly convert a single base (C or A) to another base (T or G), which is of great potential in biomedical applications. The broad application of base editing is limited by its low activity and specificity, which still needs to be resolved. To address this, a simple and quick method for the determination of its activity/specificity is highly desired.

Refractive status and prevalence of myopia among Chinese primary school students.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of myopia in key (university-oriented) and non-key elementary schools in China using a traditional and a new criterion for myopia diagnosis in an epidemiological study.

Methods: This school-based, cross-sectional study examined students from four key schools and seven non-key schools. Non-cycloplegic autorefraction and visual acuity (VA) were performed on each student.

The Needs for Visual Improvement of Patients Presented at Low-Vision Center in Wenzhou, China.

Purpose: To characterize the needs for visual improvement of new-visit patients with low vision.

Methods: This cross-sectional study collected detailed information of patients presented at low-vision center of the Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University between January 2015 and January 2017. A questionnaire interview, including demographic information and needs for visual improvement, was conducted before ophthalmology examinations.

Short ragweed pollen promotes M2 macrophage polarization via TSLP/TSLPR/OX40L signaling in allergic inflammation.

This study was to explore the role and mechanism of macrophages in pollen-triggered allergic inflammation. A murine model of short ragweed (SRW) pollen-induced experimental allergic conjunctivitis (EAC), and bone marrow (BM)-macrophages cultures were used. Typical allergic manifestations and TSLP-stimulated Th2 hyperresponse were observed in ocular surface of EAC model in wild-type (WT) mice induced by SRW.

Efficient Human Genome Editing Using SaCas9 Ribonucleoprotein Complexes.

Genome editing using RNA-guided nucleases in their ribonucleoprotein (RNP) form represents a promising strategy for gene modification and therapy because they are free of exogenous DNA integration and have reduced toxicity in vivo and ex vivo. However, genome editing by Cas9 nuclease from Staphylococcus aureus (SaCas9) has not been reported in its RNP form, which recognizes a longer protospacer adjacent motif (PAM), 5'-NNGRRT-3', compared with Streptococcus pyogenes Cas9 (SpCas9) of 5'-NGG-3' PAM. Here, SaCas9-RNP-mediated genome editing is reported in human cells.

Short-Term Effects of Overnight Orthokeratology on Corneal Sensitivity in Chinese Children and Adolescents.

Purpose: To assess the effects of the 3-month period of orthokeratology (OK) treatment on corneal sensitivity in Chinese children and adolescents.

Methods: Thirty subjects wore overnight OK lenses in both eyes for 3 months and were assessed at baseline, 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months after the treatment. Changes in corneal sensitivity were measured by the Cochet-Bonnet (COBO) esthesiometer at the corneal apex and approximately 2 mm from the temporal limbus.

IL-27 signaling deficiency develops Th17-enhanced Th2-dominant inflammation in murine allergic conjunctivitis model.

Background: While most studies focus on pro-allergic cytokines, the protective role of immunosuppressive cytokines in allergic inflammation is not well elucidated. This study was to explore a novel anti-inflammatory role and cellular/molecular mechanism of IL-27 in allergic inflammation.

Methods: A murine model of experimental allergic conjunctivitis (EAC) was induced in BALB/c, C57BL/6 or IL-27Rα-deficient (WSX-1 ) mice by short ragweed pollen, with untreated or PBS-treated mice as controls.

A Nurse's Perspective on Visual Rehabilitation of Outpatients With Low Vision in China.

Purpose: The purposes of the study were to analyze patient use and satisfaction with low vision aids (LVAs) at the Wenzhou Medical University Low Vision and Rehabilitation Center and to assess the promotion of visual rehabilitation services as a new responsibility for nurses in China.

Methods: Records of 178 patients with low vision (LV) from the Low Vision and Rehabilitation Center examined between October 2015 and October 2016 included basic patient information (e.g.

Recapitulating X-Linked Juvenile Retinoschisis in Mouse Model by Knock-In Patient-Specific Novel Mutation.

X-linked juvenile retinoschisis (XLRS) is a retinal disease caused by mutations in the gene encoding retinoschisin (RS1), which leads to a significant proportion of visual impairment and blindness. To develop personalized genome editing based gene therapy, knock-in animal disease models that have the exact mutation identified in the patients is extremely crucial, and that the way which genome editing in knock-in animals could be easily transferred to the patients. Here we recruited a family diagnosed with XLRS and identified the causative mutation (, p.

Mitochondrial DNA oxidation induces imbalanced activity of NLRP3/NLRP6 inflammasomes by activation of caspase-8 and BRCC36 in dry eye.

The concept of innate immunity has been expanded to recognize environmental pathogens other than microbial components. However, whether and how the innate immunity is initiated by epithelium in response to environmental physical challenges such as low humidity and high osmolarity in an autoimmune disease, dry eye, is still largely unknown. Using two experimental dry eye models, primary human corneal epithelial cultures exposed to hyperosmolarity and mouse ocular surface facing desiccating stress, we uncovered novel innate immunity pathway by ocular surface epithelium, where oxidized mitochondrial DNA induces imbalanced activation of NLRP3/NLRP6 inflammasomes via stimulation of caspase-8 and BRCC36 in response to environmental stress.

Pollen/TLR4 Innate Immunity Signaling Initiates IL-33/ST2/Th2 Pathways in Allergic Inflammation.

Innate immunity has been extended to respond environmental pathogen other than microbial components. Here we explore a novel pollen/TLR4 innate immunity in allergic inflammation. In experimental allergic conjunctivitis induced by short ragweed (SRW) pollen, typical allergic signs, stimulated IL-33/ST2 signaling and overproduced Th2 cytokine were observed in ocular surface, cervical lymph nodes and isolated CD4 T cells of BALB/c mice.