Deep brain stimulation and pallidotomy in primary Meige syndrome: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Primary Meige syndrome (PMS) is a rare form of dystonia, and comparative analysis of globus pallidus internal deep brain stimulation (GPi-DBS), subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS), and pallidotomy has been lacking. This study aims to compare the efficacy, safety, and psychiatric features of GPi-DBS, STN-DBS, and pallidotomy in patients with PMS.

Methods: This prospective cohort study was divided into three groups: GPi-DBS, STN-DBS, and pallidotomy.

Ursolic acid inhibits glioblastoma through suppressing TGFβ-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and angiogenesis.

Found in many fruits and plants, Ursolic acid (UA), a pentacyclic triterpene that occurs naturally, is recognized for its anti-cancer effects, especially in combating glioblastoma. However, the intricate molecular mechanisms underpinning its anti-tumor actions are still not fully understood, despite the recognition of these effects. By examining the functions of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and angiogenesis, crucial for glioblastoma progression, and their regulation through Transforming Growth Factor Beta (TGFβ) - a key marker for glioblastoma, our research aims to fill this knowledge gap.

Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation in primary Meige syndrome: motor and non-motor outcomes.

Background And Purpose: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has emerged as a promising treatment for movement disorders. This prospective study aims to evaluate the effects of bilateral subthalamic nucleus DBS (STN-DBS) on motor and non-motor symptoms in patients with primary Meige syndrome.

Methods: Thirty patients who underwent bilateral STN-DBS between April 2017 and June 2020 were included.

Construction and Verification of a Risk Prediction Model for the Occurrence of Delayed Cerebral Ischemia after Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Requiring Mechanical Ventilation.

Objectives: Delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) contributes to poor aneurysm prognosis. Subarachnoid hemorrhage and DCI have irreversible and severe consequences once they occur; therefore, early prediction and prevention are important. We investigated the risk factors for postoperative complications of DCI in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) requiring mechanical ventilation in intensive care and validated a prediction model.

Identification of Potential Biomarkers of Platelet RNA in Glioblastoma by Bioinformatics Analysis.

Objective: Glioblastoma is one of the most common and fatal malignancies in adults. Current treatment is still not optimistic. Glioblastoma (GBM) transports RNA to platelets in the blood system via microvesicles, suggesting that platelet RNA can be a potential diagnostic and therapeutic target.

Paeoniflorin Inhibits EMT and Angiogenesis in Human Glioblastoma K63-Linked C-Met Polyubiquitination-Dependent Autophagic Degradation.

Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and angiogenesis have emerged as two pivotal events in cancer progression. Paeoniflorin has been widely studied in experimental models and clinical trials for cancer treatment because of its anti-cancer property. However, the underlying mechanisms of paeoniflorin in EMT and angiogenesis in glioblastoma was not fully elucidated.

Raddeanin A (RA) reduced acute inflammatory injury in mouse experimental cerebral hemorrhage by suppression of TLR4.

Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is associated with high mortality and disability rates. The microglia-induced inflammatory response is a critical factor determining brain tissue damage after ICH. Raddeanin A (RA) is a natural triterpenoid compound with anti-inflammatory effects, although its effects on ICH and the underlying molecular mechanism have not been elucidated.

DCI after Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Is Related to the Expression of MFG-E8.

Objective: To explore the predictive value of milk fat globule epidermal growth factor 8 (MFG-E8) in the occurrence of delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) after an aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH).

Methods: We recruited 32 patients with aSAH as the case group and 24 patients with unruptured aneurysms as the control group. Serum MFG-E8 levels were measured by western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

[Application of Methylprednisolone Sodium Succinate Combined with Tropisetron in Prevention of Nausea and Vomiting under Microvascular Decompression of Hemifacial Spasm].

Objective To evaluate the effect of methylprednisolone sodium succinate combined with tropisetron on postoperative nausea and vomiting(PONV)under microvascular decompression of hemifacial spasm.Methods From January to June 2019,485 patients undergoing microvascular decompression for facial spasm at Department of Neurosurgery,Peking University People's Hospital were randomly assigned into two groups with random number table method.For group A(n=242),2 ml saline was administrated by intravenous drip before induction and 5 mg tropisetron after operation.

Pallidal deep brain stimulation in primary Meige syndrome: clinical outcomes and psychiatric features.

Objectives: To study the efficacy and safety of bilateral globus pallidus internus deep brain stimulation (GPi-DBS) in refractory Meige syndrome (MS) and evaluate the psychiatric disorders before and after surgery.

Methods: Twenty-two patients with MS treated with bilateral GPi-DBS were retrospectively analysed before surgery and after continuous neurostimulation. Before surgery, patients were assessed by the Burke-Fahn-Marsden Dystonia Rating Scale (BFMDRS), Self-Rating Depression Scale, Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form General Health Survey (SF-36) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PQSI), which corresponded to motor symptoms, depressive state, quality of life and sleep quality, respectively.

Arctigenin Inhibits Glioblastoma Proliferation through the AKT/mTOR Pathway and Induces Autophagy.

Purpose: Arctigenin (ARG) is a natural lignan compound extracted from Arctium lappa and has displayed anticancer function and therapeutic effect in a variety of cancers. Arctigenin is mainly from Arctium lappa extract. It has been shown to induce autophagy in various cancers.

Verbascoside suppresses the migration and invasion of human glioblastoma cells via targeting c-Met-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition.

Verbascoside (VB), a glycosylated phenylpropanoid compound, is derived from the plant Syringa vulgaris (Oleaceae) and has been shown to have antitumor effects in multiple human cancers, including glioblastoma (GBM); however, the underlying mechanism has not been completely elucidated. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is the pivotal event in tumor progression. c-Met, a receptor tyrosine kinase, plays an important role in GBM aggressiveness via promoting EMT.

Paeoniflorin Inhibits Hepatocyte Growth Factor- (HGF-) Induced Migration and Invasion and Actin Rearrangement via Suppression of c-Met-Mediated RhoA/ROCK Signaling in Glioblastoma.

Paeoniflorin (PF), as one of the important valid natural compounds of the total glucosides of peony, has displayed a potential effect in cancer prevention and treatment. Aggressive migration and invasion, as an important process, can contribute to tumor progression through infiltrating the surround normal tissue. Actin cytoskeleton rearrangement plays a key role in cells migration and invasion, involving multiple signal pathways.

Inhibition of tumor growth and angiogenesis by 2-(4-aminophenyl) benzothiazole in orthotopicglioma C6 rat model.

In the present study antitumor effect of 2-(4-aminophenyl) benzothiazole (BTZ) was evaluated against human U251 and rat C6 glioma cell lines using MTT assay. It was observed that BTZ exhibited significant antitumor effect with IC of 3.5 and 4 µM against human U251 and rat C6 glioma cells respectively.

Paeoniflorin inhibits glioblastoma growth in vivo and in vitro: a role for the Triad3A-dependent ubiquitin proteasome pathway in TLR4 degradation.

Background: Paeoniflorin, a polyphenolic compound derived from (), has exhibited anticancer activity in various human cancers, including glioblastoma. However, the mechanisms underlying the effects of this compound have not been fully elucidated. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) plays an important role in the regulation of cancer cell proliferation and progression, and high TLR4 expression in glioblastoma specimens is associated with a poor prognosis.

Paeoniflorin Inhibits Migration and Invasion of Human Glioblastoma Cells via Suppression Transforming Growth Factor β-Induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition.

Paeoniflorin (PF) is a polyphenolic compound derived from Radix Paeoniae Alba thathas anti-cancer activities in a variety of human malignancies including glioblastoma. However, the underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), characterized as losing cell polarity, plays an essential role in tumor invasion and metastasis.

Calycosin inhibits migration and invasion through modulation of transforming growth factor beta-mediated mesenchymal properties in U87 and U251 cells.

In this study, we investigated the potential anticancer effects of calycosin against human glioblastoma cells, including the impacts on cell proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle distribution. We further studied its inhibitory activity on migration and invasion in U87 and U251 cells. Furthermore, transforming growth factor beta-mediated reductions of mesenchymal-associated genes/activators, matrix metalloproteinases-2, and -9 were detected in this process.

Paeoniflorin inhibits human glioma cells via STAT3 degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway.

We investigated the underlying mechanism for the potent proapoptotic effect of paeoniflorin (PF) on human glioma cells in vitro, focusing on signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling. Significant time- and dose-dependent apoptosis and inhibition of proliferation were observed in PF-treated U87 and U251 glioma cells. Expression of STAT3, its active form phosphorylated STAT3 (p-STAT3), and several downstream molecules, including HIAP, Bcl-2, cyclin D1, and Survivin, were significantly downregulated upon PF treatment.

Co-transplantation of GDNF-overexpressing neural stem cells and fetal dopaminergic neurons mitigates motor symptoms in a rat model of Parkinson's disease.

Striatal transplantation of dopaminergic (DA) neurons or neural stem cells (NSCs) has been reported to improve the symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD), but the low rate of cell survival, differentiation, and integration in the host brain limits the therapeutic efficacy. We investigated the therapeutic effects of intracranial co-transplantation of mesencephalic NSCs stably overexpressing human glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF-mNSCs) together with fetal DA neurons in the 6-OHDA rat model of PD. Striatal injection of mNSCs labeled by the contrast enhancer superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) resulted in a hypointense signal in the striatum on T2-weighted magnetic resonance images that lasted for at least 8 weeks post-injection, confirming the long-term survival of injected stem cells in vivo.

Vagoglossopharyngeal neuralgia treated by microvascular decompression and glossopharyngeal rhizotomy: clinical results of 21 cases.

Background: Microvascular decompression (MVD) and rhizotomy are all selected for treating vagoglossopharyngeal neuralgia (VGPN). Nonetheless, controversies still exist about their curative effect on VGPN. Here we evaluate the effectiveness of MVD together with rhizotomy of the glossopharyngeal nerve for the treatment of VGPN.

Improved therapeutic efficacy using vaccination with glioma lysate-pulsed dendritic cells combined with IP-10 in murine glioma.

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of glioma lysate-pulsed DCs in combination with plasmid DNA vector encoding the murine interferon-induced protein of 10kDa (IP-10 or CXCL10) gene. Mouse models of brain glioma (GL261) were treated with combining glioma lysate-pulsed DCs with direct intratumoral injection of a nonviral plasmid DNA vector encoding the murine IP-10 gene. The survival of mice bearing GL261 glioma was observed.

The enhanced anti-angiogenic and antitumor effects of combining flk1-based DNA vaccine and IP-10.

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the anti-vasculature effects and the anti-tumor effects of attenuated Salmonella typhimurium vaccine strain encoding murine vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor-2 (flk1) in combination with plasmid DNA vector encoding the murine interferon-induced protein of 10kDa (IP-10 or CXCL10) gene. Mouse models of malignant melanoma (B16-F10) were treated with combining orally given attenuated S. typhimurium vaccine strain encoding flk1 with direct intratumoral injection of a non-viral plasmid DNA vector encoding the murine IP-10 gene.

In vivo anti-melanoma efficacy of allo-restricted CTLs specific for melanoma expanded by artificial antigen-presenting cells.

Cytotoxic CD8(+) T cells are key effectors in the immunotherapy of malignant and viral diseases. However, autologous T cell responses to tumor antigens presented by self-MHC are usually weak and ineffective. Allo-restricted T cells represent a potent source of tumor-specific T cells for adoptive immunotherapy.

Induction of cytotoxic T lymphocytes specific to malignant glioma using T2 cells pulsed with HLA-A2-restricted interleukin-13 receptor alpha 2 peptide in vitro.

Interleukin-13 receptor alpha2 (IL-13Ralpha2) is a glioma-restricted cell-surface epitope not otherwise detected within the central nervous system. The present study is a report of a novel approach of targeting malignant glioma with IL-13Ralpha2-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) induced from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of healthy donors by multiple stimulations with human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2-restricted IL-13Ralpha2(345-353) peptide-pulsed T2 cells. The induced CTL showed specific lysis against T2 cells pulsed with the peptide and HLA-A2+ glioma cells expressing IL-13R2(345-353), while HLA-A2 glioma cell lines that express IL-13Ralpha2(345-353) could not be recognized by CTL.

Generation of allo-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes against malignant glioma by artificial antigen-presenting cells.

The interleukin (IL) 13 receptor alpha2 (IL-13Ralpha2) is a glioma-restricted cell-surface epitope not otherwise detected within the central nervous system. This study reported a novel approach for targeting malignant glioma with IL-13Ralpha2-specific allo-restricted cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) induced from the peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) of HLA-A2-negative healthy donors by multiple stimulations with artificial antigen-presenting cells (aAPCs) made by coating HLA-A2/pIL-13Ralpha2(345-354) tetrameric complexes, anti-CD28 antibody and CD83 molecules to cell-sized latex beads. The induced allo-restricted CTLs exhibited specific lysis against T2 cells pulsed with the peptide pIL-13Ralpha2(345-354) and HLA-A2+ glioma cells expressing IL-13Ralpha2(345-354), while HLA-A2- glioma cell lines that express IL-13Ralpha2(345-354) could not be recognized by the CTLs.