Atorvastatin Plus Low-Dose Dexamethasone May Be Effective for Leukemia-Related Chronic Subdural Hematoma but Not for Leukemia Encephalopathy: A Report of Three Cases.

We are not aware of any reports regarding conservative treatment for leukemia-related chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH). We report our experience with 3 men who were admitted with subdural masses and abnormal leukocyte counts. In two patients, leukemia and CSDH were confirmed on the basis of medical records, mild head trauma, and neuroimaging features.

PD-L1 Triggered by Binding eIF3I Contributes to the Amelioration of Diabetes-Associated Wound Healing Defects by Regulating IRS4.

Persistent chronic inflammation and delayed epithelialization lead to stalled healing in diabetic ulcers (DUs). PD-L1 shows anti-inflammatory and proliferative activities in healing defects, whereas its function in DU pathogenesis remains unknown. Lower levels of PD-L1 were found in DU tissues, and exogenous PD-L1 has therapeutic effects in the healing process by accelerating re-epithelialization and attenuating prolonged inflammation, which contributed to the delayed wound closure.

Efficacy and safety of Tripterygium glycosides in Sjögren's syndrome treatment: evidence from 12 randomized controlled trials.

Background: Tripterygium glycosides (TGs) has been widely used in the treatment of Sjögren's syndrome (SS).

Methods: Seven databases, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Medical Database, China Science and Technology Journal Database, and the Chinese Biomedicine database, were selected to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) related to the treatment of SS with TGs alone or in combination. The participants, intervention, comparison, outcome, and study design principle were adopted for the inclusion of related studies.

α-MSH ameliorates corneal surface dysfunction in scopolamine-induced dry eye rats and human corneal epithelial cells via enhancing EGFR expression.

Dry eye (DE) is a chronic, multifactorial ocular surface disease associated with visual disturbance, tear film instability, hyperosmolarity, ocular surface inflammation and damage. Effective intervention is necessary to control this disease. In this study we topically applied α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) on the ocular surface of scopolamine-induced DE rats and found that it promoted tear secretion, reduced tear breakup time and fluorescein sodium staining and increased the number of conjunctival goblet cells.

Adverse Events Associated With Anti-IL-23 Agents: Clinical Evidence and Possible Mechanisms.

Background: Anti-interleukin (IL)-23 agents are widely used for autoimmune disease treatment; however, the safety and risks of specific symptoms have not been systematically assessed.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to summarize the characteristics and mechanisms of occurrence of five immunological and non-immunological adverse events caused by different anti-IL-23 agents.

Methods: The Cochrane Library, EMBASE, PubMed, and Web of Science databases were searched for eligible randomized clinical trials published from inception through May 1, 2020.

Epigenetics in psoriasis: perspective of DNA methylation.

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by excessive proliferation of keratinocytes (KCs). Onset of psoriasis is related to genetic, immune and environmental factors. The environment can interact with the genome through epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, and this modification is involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis.

A new insight to characterize immunomodulation based on hepatopancreatic transcriptome and humoral immune factor analysis of the Cherax quadricarinatus infected with Aeromonas veronii.

Cherax quadricarinatus is a type of large freshwater crayfish that is characterized by rapid growth and formidable adaptability. It has also been widely cultured and studied as a model organism. Aeromonas veronii is the dominant pathogen in aquatic environments and the primary threat to aquaculture's economic stability.

Differentiated embryonic chondrocyte-expressed gene 1 promotes temozolomide resistance by modulating the SP1-MGMT axis in glioblastoma.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a malignant brain tumor with a high mortality rate and poor prognosis. Temozolomide (TMZ) is a first-line drug against GBM, but resistance limits its use. We previously reported that differentiated embryonic chondrocyte () expression is associated with TMZ resistance and poor prognosis in GBM; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear.

Transcriptomic Analysis of the Mechanisms for Alleviating Psoriatic Dermatitis Using Taodan Granules in an Imiquimod-Induced Psoriasis-like Mouse Model.

Taodan granules (TDGs) are clinically efficacious for treating psoriasis, buttheir specific mechanisms of action are unclear. In this study, we determined the concentrations of tanshinone IIA and curcumol using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to establish quality control parameters for assessing the mechanism of TDGs in treating psoriasis. Thereafter, a mouse model of psoriasis was treated with TDGs.

The expression of mimecan in adrenal tissue plays a role in an organism's responses to stress.

Mimecan encodes a secretory protein that is secreted into the human serum as two mature proteins with molecular masses of 25 and 12 kDa. We found 12-kDa mimecan to be a novel satiety hormone mediated by the upregulation of the expression of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 in the hypothalamus. Mimecan was found to be expressed in human pituitary corticotroph cells and was up-regulated by glucocorticoids, while the secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) in pituitary corticotroph AtT-20 cells was induced by mimecan.

A Novel Evaluation System of Psoriasis Curative Effect Based on Bayesian Maximum Entropy Weight Self-Learning and Extended Set Pair Analysis.

Background: Psoriasis is a complex skin disease and difficult to evaluate, and this study aimed to provide an objective and systematic approach for evaluating the efficacy of psoriasis.

Methods: We sought to construct a Bayesian network from sixteen indicators in four aspects of psoriasis (skin lesion conditions, laboratory indexes, quality of life, and accompanying symptoms) and obtained weights of each index by combining the analytic hierarchy process with maximum entropy self-learning. Furthermore, we adopted stability analysis to calculate the minimum sample size of the system.

Hepatopancreatic transcriptome analysis and humoral immune factor assays in red claw crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus) provide insight into innate immunomodulation under Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection.

Red claw crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus) is an economically and nutritionally important specie. We aimed to assess the immunostimulatory response to C. quadricarinatus infection with Vibrio parahaemolyticus.

Radiation-induced bystander effects impair transplanted human hematopoietic stem cells via oxidative DNA damage.

Total body irradiation (TBI) is commonly used in host conditioning regimens for human hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation to treat various hematological disorders. Exposure to TBI not only induces acute myelosuppression and immunosuppression, but also injures the various components of the HSC niche in recipients. Our previous study demonstrated that radiation-induced bystander effects (RIBE) of irradiated recipients decreased the long-term repopulating ability of transplanted mouse HSCs.

A mitophagy inhibitor targeting p62 attenuates the leukemia-initiation potential of acute myeloid leukemia cells.

There has been an increasing focus on the tumorigenic potential of leukemia initiating cells (LICs) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Despite the important role of selective autophagy in the life-long maintenance of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), cancer progression, and chemoresistance, the relationship between LICs and selective autophagy remains to be fully elucidated. Sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1), also known as p62, is a selective autophagy receptor for the degradation of ubiquitinated substrates, and its loss impairs leukemia progression in AML mouse models.

Identifying therapeutic drug targets using bidirectional effect genes.

Prioritizing genes for translation to therapeutics for common diseases has been challenging. Here, we propose an approach to identify drug targets with high probability of success by focusing on genes with both gain of function (GoF) and loss of function (LoF) mutations associated with opposing effects on phenotype (Bidirectional Effect Selected Targets, BEST). We find 98 BEST genes for a variety of indications.

Amber codon is genetically unstable in generation of premature termination codon (PTC)-harbouring Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) via genetic code expansion.

The foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is the causative agent of FMD, a highly infectious and devastating viral disease of domestic and wild cloven-hoofed animals. FMD affects livestock and animal products' national and international trade, causing severe economic losses and social consequences. Currently, inactivated vaccines play a vital role in FMD control, but they have several limitations.

Rational Design of Multicolor-Emitting Chiral Carbonized Polymer Dots for Full-Color and White Circularly Polarized Luminescence.

Light-emitting chiral carbonized polymer dots (Ch-CPDs) are attracting great interest because of their extraordinary photonic properties, but modulating their band-gap emission, especially at long wavelength, and maintaining their chiral structure to achieve multicolor, high-emission Ch-CPDs remains challenging. Reported here for the first time is the synthesis of red- and multicolor-emitting Ch-CPDs using the common precursors L-/D-tryptophan and o-phenylenediamine, and a solvothermal approach at one temperature. The quantum yield of the Ch-CPDs was between 31 % and 54 %.

Qinzhuliangxue mixture alleviates psoriasis-like skin lesions via inhibiting the IL6/STAT3 axis.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease mediated by immunity. Our pre-clinical studies have proved that QZLX mixture can improve patients' clinical symptoms with psoriasis without noticeable adverse reactions. In a psoriasis-like mouse model induced by imiquimod, QZLX mixture has been shown to alleviate epidermal inflammation and inhibit the hyperproliferation of keratinocytes.

African Swine Fever Virus MGF-505-7R Negatively Regulates cGAS-STING-Mediated Signaling Pathway.

African swine fever virus (ASFV) is a devastating infectious disease in pigs, severely threatening the global pig industry. To efficiently infect animals, ASFV must evade or inhibit fundamental elements of the innate immune system, namely the type I IFN response. In this study, we identified that ASFV MGF-505-7R protein exerts a negative regulatory effect on STING-dependent antiviral responses.

TWIST1 preserves hematopoietic stem cell function via the CACNA1B/Ca2+/mitochondria axis.

Mitochondria of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) play crucial roles in regulating cell fate and preserving HSC functionality and survival. However, the mechanism underlying HSC regulation remains poorly understood. Here, we identify transcription factor TWIST1 as a novel regulator of HSC maintenance through modulation of mitochondrial function.

Buxuhuayu decoction accelerates angiogenesis by activating the PI3K-Akt-eNOS signalling pathway in a streptozotocin-induced diabetic ulcer rat model.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Buxuhuayu decoction (BXHYD) has been frequently used to treat patients with diabetic ulcers (DUs), without notable adverse reactions. However, the related molecular mechanism remains unelucidated.

Aim Of The Study: This study assessed the potential mechanism of BXHYD against DUs by using network pharmacology and animal experiments.

Quyu Shengji Formula Facilitates Diabetic Wound Healing via Inhibiting the Expression of Prostaglandin Transporter.

Background: Quyu Shengji Formula (QSF), a Chinese medicine formula widely used in the clinic, has proven therapeutic effects on diabetic ulcers. Nevertheless, the potential mechanism of how QSF cures diabetic ulcer remains elusive.

Objective: To assess the mechanism of QSF against wound healing defects in diabetes.

Chinese Herbal Medicine for Psoriasis: Evidence From 11 High-Quality Randomized Controlled Trials.

Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) provides a theoretical basis for the treatment of psoriasis with considerable benefits and a low toxicity. The purpose of this quantitative study was to show high-quality evidence of the efficacy and safety of CHM for the treatment of psoriasis to promote its clinical application. Several databases were systematically searched including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, China Network Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Scientific Journals Database, and Wan Fang Database.

Absent pulmonary valve syndrome with tetralogy of fallot and patent ductus arteriosus at 14 weeks of gestation and follow-up 2 weeks later: Case report and review of literature.

Classical absent pulmonary valve syndrome (APVS) with tetralogy of fallot (TOF) is a rare congenital cardiac anomaly commonly associated with the absence of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), which is mostly diagnosed after 20 weeks of gestation by fetal echocardiography. This case of APVS with TOF was suspected at 13 weeks of gestation and diagnosed at 14 weeks of gestation with an obvious PDA. The pulmonary arterial trunk and the branches did not dilate obviously.