The Patient-Oriented Scoring of Atopic Dermatitis and SCORAD in young children: New data on interpretability and clinical usefulness.

Background: There is limited data about the clinical meaningfulness of the Scoring of Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) and Patient-Oriented SCORAD (PO-SCORAD), particularly in children with mild-to-moderate AD. Regular use of patient-reported outcomes, may deliver more accurate information about the overall health status of AD patients than routine but sparse physician assessments.

Objective: To confirm the correlation between SCORAD, PO-SCORAD, Patient-Oriented Eczema Measure (POEM) and Investigator's Global Assessment (IGA).

Examining patterns of executive functioning across dimensions of psychopathology.

Background And Objectives: The current study examined relationships between psychopathology and individual domains of executive functioning (EF) amongst adults. While previous studies have examined these relationships using diagnostic groups, we compared factor structures of both dimensional psychopathology and EF and used an approach to better isolate EF-specific task variance within each domain.

Methods: This study analyzed the data of 722 individuals between the ages of 18-59 years, who took part in the Nathan Kline Institute (NKI)-Rockland project.

The Influence of Processing Speed, Attention, and Inhibition on Texas Functional Living Scale Performance.

Objective: Attention, inhibition, and processing speed are related to functional decline among older adults. This study attempts to clarify the relationships between these cognitive factors and adaptive functioning.

Method: We examined relationships between attention, inhibition, and processing speed, with scores on the Texas Functional Living Scale (TFLS), a performance-based measure of daily functioning, in a mixed clinical sample of 530 older adults who were referred for an outpatient neuropsychological evaluation.

The Clinical Utility of the NAB Judgment Subtest Among Individuals Diagnosed With Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder Within a Forensic Inpatient Setting.

Executive functioning (EF) has been identified as a significant predictor in determining competence to stand trial. Individuals deemed incompetent to stand trial are provided a limited time frame before conservatorship is considered, thus, treatment providers practicing within inpatient facilities have a responsibility to efficiently identify factors that may lead to prolonged hospitalizations, in order to avoid delays in a defendant's legal proceedings. Although previous studies have demonstrated the utility of the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) Total Index Score in predicting length of stay (LOS), the Neuropsychological Assessment Battery (NAB) Judgment subtest provides a measure of executive function, which is a domain not captured by the RBANS.

Normative and Maladaptive Personality Traits and Self-Reported Executive Functioning.

Research on self-reported executive functioning (EF) and personality has largely focused on normative personality traits. While previous research has demonstrated that maladaptive personality traits are associated with performance-based EF, the literature examining the relationship between these traits and self-reported EF is limited. The current study examined the relationship between multiple domains of self-reported EF (Barkley Deficits in Executive Functioning Scale) and both normative (The International Personality Item Pool-NEO-120 Item [IPIP-120]) and maladaptive (Personality Inventory for -Short Form [PID-5-SF]) personality traits in an undergraduate student sample ( = 354).

Examining the factor structure of the Rey auditory verbal learning test in individuals across the life span.

: Previous studies analyzing the factor structure of the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) have been limited in the number of scores included in the analysis. Often, they lacked inclusion of process scores that have been shown to add predictive value in identifying future cognitive decline. Therefore, the goal of the current study was to determine the factor structure of the RAVLT utilizing factor scores including serial position effects, repetitions, and intrusion errors, and to examine if the factor structure for older adults is similar to that found in the entire lifespan sample.

Ferrous sulfate oral solution in young children with iron deficiency anemia: An open-label trial of efficacy, safety, and acceptability.

Background: This study evaluated the efficacy, safety, and acceptability of a new ferrous sulfate oral solution (Tardyferon® 20 mg/mL) in young children with mild or moderate iron deficiency anemia (IDA).

Methods: This was a multicenter, national, single-arm, open-label study. Children aged 6-53 months presenting with mild or moderate IDA (i.

Relationships between multiple dimensions of executive functioning and resting-state networks in adults.

The current study sought to examine the functional connectivity of resting state networks (RSNs) as they relate to the individual domains of executive functioning (EF). Based on the Unity and Diversity model (Miyake et al., 2000), EF performance was captured using a three-factor model proposed by Karr et al.

Evaluating the construct validity of the King-Devick test in a psychological outpatient clinical sample.

The King-Devick test (K-D) has demonstrated sensitivity as a screener measure of ocular motor and cognitive problems. Despite its empirical support in the assessment of patients with certain injuries and disorders (e.g.

The effects of childhood inattention and anxiety on executive functioning: inhibition, updating, and shifting.

Although anxiety and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms are highly comorbid, research has generally examined the executive functioning (EF) deficits associated with each of these symptoms independently. The purpose of this study was to examine the unique and interactive effects of anxiety and ADHD symptoms (first respectively, then collectively) on multiple dimensions of EF (i.e.

Utility of a novel simulator paradigm in the assessment of driving ability in individuals with and without attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.

This study aimed to evaluate the utility of a novel, more cost-effective driving simulator, Assetto Corsa (AC), in detecting differences in driving performance between individuals with and without ADHD. Driving simulators are a useful means of assessing driving performance in those with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); however, they are frequently expensive and thus unavailable to many researchers. A total of 87 participants (16 with ADHD, 71 without) completed an AC driving simulator task.

A multi-study examination of performance validity in undergraduate research participants.

Performance validity testing is a necessary practice when conducting research with undergraduate students, especially when participants are minimally incentivized to provide adequate effort. However, the failure rate on performance validity measures in undergraduate samples has been debated with studies of different measures and cutoffs reporting results ranging from 2.3 to 55.

The Compensatory ADHD Behaviors Scale (CABS): Development and Initial Validation.

Several measures are available that assess inattention, hyperactivity/impulsivity, and executive functioning deficits. Treatments for adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and skill-based academic interventions focus on improving compensatory strategies to ameliorate functional impairment; however, no measure exists that examines the compensatory behaviors adults utilize to compensate for the functional deficits associated with inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity. The current study aimed to determine the psychometric properties of the Compensatory ADHD Behaviors Scale (CABS).

The association of anxiety, depression, and worry symptoms on cognitive performance in older adults.

Emerging research suggests that a relationship exists between the cognitive aspects of anxiety (e.g. worry) and cognitive decline in older adults.

Parsing the neural correlates of anxious apprehension and anxious arousal in the grey-matter of healthy youth.

Neuroscientific and psychological research posits that there are two transdiagnostic facets of anxiety: anxious arousal and anxious apprehension. Though these two facets of anxiety are distinct, they are often subsumed into one domain (e.g.

Does prior administration of the RBANS influence performance on subsequent neuropsychological testing?

The objective of this study was to determine whether administration of the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) prior to other neuropsychological testing improves performance on subsequent measures due to practice effects. Participants completed the RBANS and related neuropsychological measures of the same cognitive domain in one of two counterbalanced orders. A MANOVA and follow-up independent t-tests were used to examine whether or not completing one set of measures prior to the other was associated with score differences.

Further validation of booklet category test subscales for learning, set loss, and memory in a mixed clinical sample.

Although it has long been proposed that performance on the Booklet Category Test (BCT) relies on a number of different cognitive abilities, including executive functioning, perceptual reasoning, and memory, only a single total error score is typically derived and interpreted in clinical practice. BCT subscales based on factor analyses of subtest errors or designed specifically to measure specific cognitive domains have been proposed to better assess the multidimensional abilities underlying BCT performance. The aim of this study was to independently replicate and extend previous findings regarding the validity of these subscales.

Effects of baseline and early acquired thrombocytopaenia on long-term mortality in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention with bivalirudin.

Aims: Bivalirudin use as a procedural anticoagulant in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is associated with a lower incidence of thrombocytopaenia compared to other antithrombotic agents. We aimed to evaluate the prognostic impact of baseline thrombocytopaenia and early changes in platelet counts among patients undergoing PCI with exclusive use of bivalirudin.

Methods And Results: We evaluated 7,505 patients who underwent PCI over a period of eight years.

Eliciting affect via immersive virtual reality: a tool for adolescent risk reduction.

Objective: A virtual reality environment (VRE) was designed to expose participants to substance use and sexual risk-taking cues to examine the utility of VR in eliciting adolescent physiological arousal.

Methods: 42 adolescents (55% male) with a mean age of 14.54 years (SD = 1.

Suttee Sainthood through selflessness: pain of repression or power of devotion?

The immolation of Hindu widows has generated much horror while remaining tenaciously mixed with clandestine admiration. Reported in many eyewitness accounts and literary works, the topic has given rise to highly contested sociocultural, legal and ideological debates, strongly linked to women’s rights. But the root question has not gone away: is suttee/sati just painful female victimisation or can it also reflect powerful female agency and the power of devotion? This article examines two literary works, Maud Diver’s Lilamani, in which an Englishwoman unreservedly idolises a suttee, and Krupabai Satthianadhan’s Kamala, where an Indian woman expresses deep pride in sutteehood.

Arterial reconstruction for subclavian obstructive disease: a comparison of extrathoracic procedures.

Objectives: Comparison of the immediate and long-term results of three different extrathoracic arterial reconstruction procedures for subclavian obstructive disease.

Design: Retrospective analysis of 51 extrathoracic subclavian artery reconstructions in 49 patients performed in a single centre over an 18-year period (mean follow-up 64 months, range 3-192).

Methods: Carotid-subclavian bypass (CSB, n = 21), subclavian-carotid transposition (SCT, n = 21) and subclavian-subclavian or axillo-axillary cross-over bypass (COB, n = 9) was performed.

Renal artery stenosis in moyamoya syndrome.

Extracranial manifestations of vascular occlusive disease, such as renovascular hypertension, are rare in moyamoya syndrome. Histopathological examination suggests a common denominator. Surgical or endoluminal correction of these lesions is feasible.

Traumatic pseudoaneurysm of the superficial temporal artery.

This paper describes, by case histories and a literature review, the cause, diagnosis and therapy of pseudoaneurysm of the superficial temporal artery. Two patients with a traumatic pseudoaneurysm of the superficial temporal artery were examined by physical examination and histology of the excised lesions. Blunt injury caused a histologically proved pseudoaneurysm in two reported cases.