Antibody Serosurveillance in Tyrol: A Population-Based, Cross-Sectional Study of a Healthy Population.

The rare, but emerging mold is an important pathogen in some geographical areas, like Tyrol (Austria) and Houston (Texas). The reason for this high prevalence is unknown. The present serosurveillance study aimed to evaluate the trends in levels of -specific IgG antibodies in various regions of Tyrol and to compare the results to the environmental spread of in Tyrol.

The Influence of Medium Composition on EUCAST and Etest Antifungal Susceptibility Testing.

There is an ongoing effort to optimize and revise antifungal susceptibility testing (AFST) methods due to the rising number of fungal infections and drug-resistant fungi. The rising antifungal resistance within and species, which are common contributors to invasive fungal infections (IFIs), is a cause for concern, prompting an expanding integration of in vitro AFST to guide clinical decisions. To improve the relevance of in vitro AFST results to therapy outcomes, influential factors should be taken into account.

Novel Antifungals and Section with Potpourri Susceptibility Profiles to Conventional Antifungals.

The epidemiology of invasive fungal infections (IFIs) is currently changing, driven by aggressive immunosuppressive therapy, leading to an expanded spectrum of patients at risk of IFIs. Aspergillosis is a leading cause of IFIs, which usually affects immunocompromised patients. There are a limited number of antifungal medications available for treating IFIs, and their effectiveness is often hindered by rising resistance rates and practical limitations.

Candida parapsilosis isolates carrying mutations outside FKS1 hotspot regions confer high echinocandin tolerance and facilitate the development of echinocandin resistance.

Candida parapsilosis is a significant cause of candidemia worldwide. Echinocandin-resistant (ECR) and echinocandin-tolerant (ECT) C. parapsilosis isolates have been reported in various countries but are rare.

Section and Antifungals: From Broth to Agar-Based Susceptibility Testing Methods.

Providing timely antifungal treatment to patients suffering from life-threatening invasive fungal infections (IFIs) is essential. Due to the changing epidemiology and the emergence of antifungal resistance in , the most commonly responsible mold of IFIs, antifungal susceptibility testing (AFST) has become increasingly important to guide clinical decisions. This study assessed the essential agreement (EA) between broth microdilution methods (the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) and the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST)) and the Etest of amphotericin B (AmB), liposomal amphotericin B (L-AmB), and isavuconazole (ISA) against 112 section .

and the Interplay with Amphotericin B: from Resistance to Tolerance?

Aspergillus terreus is an opportunistic causative agent of invasive aspergillosis and, in most cases, it is refractory to amphotericin B (AMB) therapy. Notably, AMB-susceptible Aspergillus terreus (s.s.

Echinocandins and Their Activity against Aspergillus terreus Species Complex: a Novel Agar Screening Method.

We evaluated the newly proposed agar screening method for echinocandin susceptibility testing of 144 section isolates compared with the Etest method. Both methods defined the isolates to be wild-type strains for anidulafungin and micafungin, with Etest minimal effective concentrations (MECs) of ≤0.004 mg/L.

Biofilm formation in clinically relevant filamentous fungi: a therapeutic challenge.

Biofilms are highly-organized microbial communities attached to a biotic or an abiotic surface, surrounded by an extracellular matrix secreted by the biofilm-forming cells. The majority of fungal pathogens contribute to biofilm formation within tissues or biomedical devices, leading to serious and persistent infections. The clinical significance of biofilms relies on the increased resistance to conventional antifungal therapies and suppression of the host immune system, which leads to invasive and recurrent fungal infections.

The Environmental Spread of in Tyrol, Austria.

Fungal infections due to species have become a major cause of morbidity and mortality among immunocompromised patients. At the Medical University of Innsbruck, and related species are the second most common causative agents of aspergillosis. In this one-year study we collected environmental samples to investigate (i) the environmental distribution, (ii) the ecological niche of in Tyrol, (iii) the genetic relatedness of environmental and clinical isolates and the correlation between those two groups of isolates, and (iv) the antifungal susceptibility patterns.

Novel Antifungal Agents and Their Activity against Species.

There is a need for new antifungal agents, mainly due to increased incidence of invasive fungal infections (IFI), high frequency of associated morbidity and mortality and limitations of the current antifungal agents (e.g., toxicity, drug-drug interactions, and resistance).

Antifungal resistance in Aspergillus terreus: A current scenario.

Invasive aspergillosis caused by intrinsically resistant non-fumigatus Aspergillus species displays a poor outcome in immunocompromised patients. The polyene antifungal amphotericin B (AmB) remains to be "gold standard" in the treatment of invasive fungal infections. Aspergillus terreus is innately resistant to AmB, in vivo and in vitro.

Antagonistic activities of some probiotic lactobacilli culture supernatant on swarming motility and antibiotic resistance.

Background And Objectives: , a potentially pathogenic bacterium, benefits from its swarming motility and resistance to antibiotic as two important virulence factors. Inappropriate use of antibiotics often results in drug resistance phenomenon in bacterial population. Use of probiotic bacteria has been recommended as partial replacement.

The inhibitory effect of bacteriocin produced by Lactobacillus acidophilusATCC 4356 and Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC 8014 on planktonic cells and biofilms of Serratia marcescens.

Background/aim: The spread of antibiotic-resistant pathogens has resulted in the need for new treatments. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of bacteriocin from Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4356 and Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC 8014 on planktonic and biofilm forms of Serratia marcescens strains.

Materials And Methods: The direct antagonism of the L.

The inhibitory effect of a Lactobacillus acidophilus derived biosurfactant on biofilm producer Serratia marcescens.

Objectives: Serratia marcescens is one of the nosocomial pathogen with the ability to form biofilm which is an important feature in the pathogenesis of S. marcescens. The aim of this study was to determine the anti-adhesive properties of a biosurfactant isolated from Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4356, on S.