A Case of Oro-antral Communication Closed by Autotransplantation of Third Molar.

A number of surgical treatment modalities have been described in literature for closure of oro-antral communications. None of the methods however provide for immediate prosthetic rehabilitation of the communication site. We describe a case of oro-antral communication treated using autogenous third molar transplantation.

Delay from biopsy to radical prostatectomy influences the rate of adverse pathologic outcomes.

Background: We sought to determine maximum wait times between biopsy diagnosis and surgery for localized prostate cancer, beyond which the rate of adverse pathologic outcomes is increased.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 4,610 patients undergoing radical prostatectomy between 1990 and 2011. Patients were stratified by biopsy Gleason score and PSA value.

Study of the pattern of maxillofacial fractures seen at a tertiary care hospital in north India.

Aim: The present study was planned to investigate the etiology of maxillofacial injuries and to analyze the pattern of maxillofacial factures as well as the various factors influencing their distribution.

Study Design: A one year cross-sectional study was done and 1,108 patients with maxillofacial fractures were analyzed consecutively from April 2010 to March 2011 who reported to the department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery in the Centre for Dental Education & Research and Jai Prakash Narayan Apex Trauma Centre, AIIMS, New Delhi. A performa was designed to collect the data that included age and sex distribution, etiology, influence of alcohol, type of fractures, use of restraints devices, associated injuries and treatment delivered.

The natural history of renal functional decline in patients undergoing surveillance in the DISSRM registry.

Objective: To describe the natural history of renal function in patients on active surveillance (AS) for small renal masses (SRM) in the Delayed Intervention and Surveillance for Small Renal Masses Registry.

Methods: Delayed Intervention and Surveillance for Small Renal Masses is a prospective, multi-institutional registry of patients with SRM (≤ 4 cm) who choose intervention or AS. Of these, 64 patients on AS had longitudinal serum creatinine (sCr) values and underwent analysis of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).

Prognostic significance of cytoplasmic S100A2 overexpression in oral cancer patients.

Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients are at high risk of loco-regional recurrence and 5-year survival rates are about 50%. Identification of patients at high risk of recurrence will enable rigorous personalized post-treatment management. Most novel biomarkers have failed translation for clinical use because of their limited successful validation in external patient cohorts.

Comparison of Renal Parenchymal Volume Preservation Between Partial Nephrectomy, Cryoablation, and Radiofrequency Ablation Using 3D Volume Measurements.

Purpose: Small renal masses (SRM) can be managed via a variety of nephron-sparing procedures (NSPs), but the association between choice of NSP and renal parenchymal volume (RPV) preservation is not well understood. We sought to examine RPV preservation after partial nephrectomy (PN) performed via open, robotic, or laparoscopic approaches and thermal ablation (TA) performed via cryoablation (CA) or radiofrequency ablation (RFA).

Patients And Methods: The study was a retrospective review of three institutional databases of patients with a SRM <4 cm treated via one of the five NSPs (open PN, laparoscopic PN, robotic PN, percutaneous CA, or percutaneous RFA).

Lipids and proteins--major targets of oxidative modifications in abiotic stressed plants.

Stress factors provoke enhanced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in plants. ROS that escape antioxidant-mediated scavenging/detoxification react with biomolecules such as cellular lipids and proteins and cause irreversible damage to the structure of these molecules, initiate their oxidation, and subsequently inactivate key cellular functions. The lipid- and protein-oxidation products are considered as the significant oxidative stress biomarkers in stressed plants.

Traumatic bone cyst of the mandible in Langer-Giedion syndrome: a case report.

Introduction: Langer-Giedion syndrome (trichorhinophalangeal syndrome type II) is an extremely rare disorder characterized by dysmorphic facial features, multiple exostoses, mental retardation and digit deformities. We report the first case of any maxillofacial pathology in such a syndromic patient.

Case Presentation: A 22-year-old Indian woman with mild intellectual disability presented with malaligned teeth.

The da vinci robot system eliminates multispecialty surgical trainees' hand dominance in open and robotic surgical settings.

Background And Objectives: Handedness, or the inherent dominance of one hand's dexterity over the other's, is a factor in open surgery but has an unknown importance in robot-assisted surgery. We sought to examine whether the robotic surgery platform could eliminate the effect of inherent hand preference.

Methods: Residents from the Urology and Obstetrics/Gynecology departments were enrolled.

Deregulation of Rb-E2F1 axis causes chromosomal instability by engaging the transactivation function of Cdc20-anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome.

The E2F family of transcription factors regulates genes involved in various aspects of the cell cycle. Beyond the well-documented role in G1/S transition, mitotic regulation by E2F has also been reported. Proper mitotic progression is monitored by the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC).

Sleep architecture following a weight loss intervention in overweight and obese patients with obstructive sleep apnea and type 2 diabetes: relationship to apnea-hypopnea index.

Study Objectives: To determine if weight loss and/ or changes in apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) improve sleep architecture in overweight/ obese adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

Methods: This was a randomized controlled trial including 264 overweight/ obese adults with T2D and OSA. Participants were randomized to an intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) or a diabetes and support education (DSE) control group.

Functional outcomes of gap and interposition arthroplasty in the treatment of temporomandibular joint ankylosis.

Purpose: Recurrence is a major concern in management of temporomandibular joint ankylosis. In this study functional outcomes of gap arthroplasty (group I) and temporalis myofascial interposition arthroplasty (group II) are compared.

Materials And Methods: Preoperative, intraoperative, and follow-up data were noted from our departmental database.

A rare HBV subgenotype D4 with unique genomic signatures identified in north-eastern India--an emerging clinical challenge?

Background/aims: HBV has been classified into ten genotypes (A-J) and multiple subgenotypes, some of which strongly influence disease outcome and their distribution also correlate with human migration. HBV infection is highly prevalent in India and its diverse population provides an excellent opportunity to study the distinctiveness of HBV, its evolution and disease biology in variegated ethnic groups. The North-East India, having international frontiers on three sides, is one of the most ethnically and linguistically diverse region of the country.

Indian freshwater edible snail Bellamya bengalensis lipid extract prevents T cell mediated hypersensitivity and inhibits LPS induced macrophage activation.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Soup prepared from the foot of fresh water edible snail, Bellamya bengalensis, is traditionally consumed by the tribes of Jharkhand against rheumatism like bone and joint inflammation. As rheumatism has underlying involvement of cell mediated hypersensitivity, in vivo delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) model and in vitro LPS-induced macrophage signaling were studied to delineate the mechanism by which Bellamya bengalensis exerts its ethnomedicinal function. Since the whole meat is consumed, the lipid of Bellamya bengalensis (BBL) was hypothesized to be the active part.

Who really benefits from nephron-sparing surgery?

Objective: To analyze the influence of preoperative renal function on postoperative renal outcomes after radical nephrectomy (RN) and nephron-sparing surgery (NSS) for malignancy in patients stratified according to preoperative chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage and surgical extent (NSS vs RN).

Patients And Methods: Retrospective review of patients undergoing renal surgery for localized renal masses stratified by surgical extent and preoperative CKD stage based on glomerular filtration rate (GFR) level: stage I (>90 mL/min/1.73 m(2)), stage II (60-89 mL/min/1.

Immediate autotransplantation of third molars: an experience of 57 cases.

Objective: We present our experience of success with immediate third molar transplants in young individuals while secondarily assessing factors predicting failure.

Study Design: A total of 57 cases of third molar transplant with both open and closed apices were studied in individuals aged 15 to 25 years. Factors influencing prognosis were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis.

Analyzing feed-forward loop relationship in aging phenotypes: physical activity and physical performance.

We present evidence of feed-forward loop relationships and positive association between physical activity and performance levels, which are components of frailty, using measures from 431 high functioning women initially aged 70-79 years followed over 7 visits. Physical activity levels were assessed using a questionnaire. Grip strength was measured using a handheld dynamometer and usual walking speed was measured over 4-m.

Expression profiling of abiotic stress-inducible genes in response to multiple stresses in rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties with contrasting level of stress tolerance.

The present study considered transcriptional profiles and protein expression analyses from shoot and/or root tissues under three abiotic stress conditions, namely, salinity, dehydration, and cold, as well as following exogenous abscisic acid treatment, at different time points of stress exposure in three indica rice varieties, IR-29 (salt sensitive), Pokkali, and Nonabokra (both salt tolerant). The candidate genes chosen for expression studies were HKT-1, SOS-3, NHX-1, SAPK5, SAPK7, NAC-1, Rab16A, OSBZ8, DREBP2, CRT/DREBP, WRKY24, and WRKY71, along with the candidate proteins OSBZ8, SAMDC, and GST. Gene expression profile revealed considerable differences between the salt-sensitive and salt-tolerant rice varieties, as the expression in the latter was higher even at the constitutive level, whereas it was inducible only by corresponding stress signals in IR-29.

Renal insufficiency is associated with an increased risk of papillary renal cell carcinoma histology.

Purpose: End-stage renal disease (ESRD) and acquired renal cystic disease associated with dialysis are known risk factors of papillary renal cell carcinoma (pRCC); however, it is not known whether renal insufficiency alone is a risk factor for pRCC. Our aim was to test whether renal insufficiency is associated with an increased preponderance of pRCC.

Methods: Retrospective review of institutional database to identify all patients who underwent extirpative renal surgery for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with complete records from 1992 to 2012.

Phase II trial of intravesical nanoparticle albumin bound paclitaxel for the treatment of nonmuscle invasive urothelial carcinoma of the bladder after bacillus Calmette-Guérin treatment failure.

Purpose: Response rates to current second line intravesical therapies for recurrent nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer range between 10% and 30%. Nanoparticle albumin bound (nab-)paclitaxel has increased solubility and lower toxicity compared to other taxanes. Results of the phase I intravesical trial of this compound demonstrated minimal toxicity during dose escalation.

Piezoelectric osteoarthrectomy for management of ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint.

We describe the use of a piezoelectric osteotome for removal of bone in patients with ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and its advantages over conventional techniques. We studied 35 patients with ankylosis of 62 TMJ (27 bilateral and 8 unilateral, 2 recurrent) who were treated by gap arthroplasty between 1 January 2011 and 31 December 2012. We used a preauricular, with extended temporal, incision in all cases.

Evaluating success of autotransplantation of embedded/impacted third molars harvested using piezosurgery: a pilot study.

Objective: To evaluate the success of autogenous transplantation of embedded/impacted third molars harvested using piezosurgery.

Materials And Methods: This prospective pilot study enrolled 20 healthy patients with non-restorable first/second molars and a caries-free retrievable embedded/impacted third molar. Piezosurgery was used for removing inter-radicular bone at the recipient socket as well as for bone removal around the donor teeth.

Dorsal penile nerve block for robot-assisted radical prostatectomy catheter related pain: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Purpose: Following Robotic-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy (RARP) patients routinely have penile pain and urethral discomfort secondary to an indwelling urethral catheter. Our objective was to assess the effect of dorsal penile nerve block with bupivacaine on urethral catheter-related pain after RARP.

Methods: From 2012-2013, 140 patients with organ-confined prostate cancer were enrolled in an IRB approved double-blinded, randomized control trial comparing a dorsal penile nerve block of bupivacaine versus placebo after RARP performed by a single-surgeon.