Use of Nitrous Oxide in Office-based Urologic Procedures: A Review.

Nitrous oxide (NO) is underutilized in ambulatory urology. Here, we review available data regarding application, efficacy, and side effect profile of NO in ambulatory urologic procedures. Data were available from 11 studies.

Alteplase Instillation for Upper Urinary Tract Clot Dissolution.

We report the first case of instillation of alteplase, a tissue plasminogen activator, to dissolve occlusive upper urinary tract blood clot. A 67-year-old Caucasian man with a solitary kidney became dialysis dependent because of upper urinary tract clot obstruction after ureteral stent placement for obstructing ureterolithiasis. After failure of more conservative measures, 10 mg of alteplase was instilled through nephrostomy tube daily for 2 consecutive days 30 minutes before manual irrigation with physiologic saline.